T in Chernova Economic statistics Tutorial. Chernova T.V. Economic statistics: Tutorial. Lecture Abstract

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Construction works are a complex process that is accompanied by the preparation of related documentation. These documents include projects of the future facility, contracts for the supply of raw materials and supplies And other acts. There are special schedules of construction work, which indicates the volume of energy and labor resources. In this article, we propose to consider what the production and technical department (PTO) is engaged.

PTO - universally used abbreviation, which means production and technical department

What is PTO

The main task of the production and technical department is to prepare for various stages of construction work. According to experts, this department is fundamental structural unit Companies operating in the construction sector. The task of employees of this unit is the processing of primary information about the implementation of the projectbut. This means that PTO employees take project documents from the customer, study the estimate and make up permission to the beginning of the construction. These tasks are performed at the preparation phase for construction work.

At the end of the work, PTO engineers form documents on the operational characteristics of the object. Further, all documents are transmitted to the Customer with the object itself. The task of these specialists includes the analysis of incoming applications and their assessment for compliance with various standards, which are established by the controlling authorities. In addition, employees of the production and technical department have the right to hold tenders and contests among suppliers for building materials and raw materials. At each stage of construction, the task of engineers is the calculation of the labor costs required to implement the project.

During the construction itself, the staff of this unit control the process of conducting work and evaluate the volume of material resources used. In case of deviation from the estimate, engineers need to develop a plan for corrective activities. All information obtained during analysis is used in the formation of management accounting. Based on these information, acts on the work and internal statements are prepared, according to which employees receive wages.

The PTO department (decoding sounds like a production and technical department) performs many different functions. The task of this unit includes receiving permits for conducting various activities, tenders and expertise. Construction work implies a large internal and external document flow between the contractor and the customer. Employees of the department under consideration can be charged with the collection of documents, according to the list prepared by the Customer.

Main tasks

As mentioned above, the PTO department has many different duties. Among them should be the assessment of technical and economic parameters, as well as technical accounting and formation of graphs repair work. In addition, it is necessary to highlight:

Formation of technical documents.
Control over the execution of various standards.
Monitoring the speed of energy consumption and building materials.
Submission of applications for the purchase of additional equipment and consumable raw materials.

PTO is part of the structure of construction companies, assembly, energy and industrial enterprises, and also presented in housing and communal organizations

According to experts, the most difficult task is assigned to the engineers of this unit. The main task of engineers is the formation project documents and associated applications in the form of calculations and estimates. In addition to working with papers, engineers need to control the production process and assist in the implementation of installation procedures. In addition to all of the above, their shoulders are responsible for negotiations with business partners and subcontractors.

Production technical department, functions:

Development of a strategy for the introduction of innovative technologies in the production process.
Control of the performance of work in which subcontractors are involved.
Instructing.
Monitoring the plan of construction work.

As practice shows, employees of the division under consideration must interact closely with the accounting department. Such cooperation allows to produce timely planned calculationsOn the basis of which reporting documents are formed.

Structure of the department

Workers of this unit can be divided into two conventional groups. The first group is engaged in preparing for production, making up projects of future construction facilities. The second group is engaged in drawing up the estimate and conclusion of contracts. The structure itself is formed by the management of the department. When forming the state, the specificity of the company's activities and a number of additional economic factors are taken into account. Further regular schedule Coordinates with the general director of the company. After agreement, the structure of the department is approved by issuing an appropriate act.

Functional responsibilities within the department are distributed in accordance with internal instructions. The head of the production and technical department is responsible for developing and implementing these documents.

Production and technical department in construction

As a rule, in the absence of an estimate-contractual division, the obligation to compile estimates is imposed on the production service. Employees of this department are involved in preparing negotiations, during which a contract is concluded. At this stage, the Customer must transfer technical documents to the Contractor to analyze their compliance with the existing drawings.

In the event of inaccuracies and errors, special acts are compiled, which are transmitted to the customer.

The main purpose of the department and its employees is the implementation of the control of all production sites

In the future, the contract itself is drawn up to which the attitude of the future project is attached. The Appendix to the Agreement between the Parties must contain the cost of services and the guaranteed period of fulfillment of obligations. The obtained technical documents are registered in special journals. Next, they are used as a basis for obtaining permits for construction work.

The PTO department in construction participates in engineering training. At this stage, the scope of work should be performed within a month. For this purpose, calculations on the costs of energy and labor resources are prepared. Next, consumables and the necessary raw materials are purchased. At this stage, a consolidated statement is filled, where the cost of cement, reinforcement, precast concrete and other consumables is recorded. Before the construction itself is created by a special statement, where the amount of work performed will be recorded. This statement Must be laid and numbered, as well as maintain the signature of the owner of the company and branded printing.

At the end of the above period, engineers are checked with acts of performing work received from subcontractors. These acts are used to process all project documentation. These actions are performed every month in order to monitor construction work. As a rule, most customers try to hire those firms that have a project department in their structure. If the order is associated with the repair or reconstruction of the facility, a defective act for future work is compiled by an engineer.

After agreeing on various issues related to the future project, PTO employees prepare the estimate. At the next stage, the coordination of work with the fire inspection and the SES is carried out. Next is the contract, on the basis of which the Contractor begins to fulfill its obligations.

Separate attention deserve those cases when within the organization there is a division engaged in the release of its own products. In this case, PTO employees charge the calculation of the ultimate cost of goods. During such calculations, it is very important to take into account the cost of each product.

Among the main duties of PTO in the field of construction should be selected for the preparation of acts to obtain permissive documentation. Also, the Division is also developed by various documents for participation in contests. These documents include estimates, licenses and commercial invitations. Engineers of this unit take part in the conduct of regular inventory, as well as interact with various controlling authorities and counterparties. In some cases, employees of this unit entrustes the analysis of the estimation of the estimates and projects of third-party companies. An appropriate license is required to perform these actions.

Given the peculiarities of this or that section of the work of the engineer of PTO, the requirements for his qualifications are presented serious

Conclusions (+ video)

Production technical service construction company Engaged in the formation of documents necessary for each of the construction stages. These materials are used to transfer the verification commission and the customer itself. All calculations and analyzes attached to acts are based on a finite package of documents. The PTO Department is headed by the technical director who can occupy the position of the company's chief engineer. Based on the above, it can be concluded that each employee of this unit must have a higher education.

T.V. Chernova
Economic statistics
Tutorial. Taganrog: Publishing House TRA, 1999

The textbook covers the main sections of the course "Economic Statistics". The first section considers the general theory of statistics, the second is the issue of applying statistics in specific studies of socio-economic processes. The manual is intended for students enrolled in the specialties of 060800, 061100, 061500.

This tutorial is electronic version Works:
Chernova T.V. Economic statistics: Tutorial. Taganrog: Publishing House TRTR, 1999. 140 p.

Preface

Part 1. General Theory statistics

Chapter 1. Item and statistics method
1.1. Subject, method and main categories of statistics like science
1.2. State Statistics Bodies of the Russian Federation

Chapter 2. Statistical observation
2.1. Concepts and requirements of statistical observation
2.2. Software and methodological and organizational issues of statistical observation
2.3. Forms, types and methods of observation

Chapter 3. Summary and grouping of statistical observation data
3.1. Concepts of reports and grouping statistical data
3.2. Types of groupings
3.3. Statistical tables and graphs

Chapter 4. Absolute and relative statistical values
4.1. The concept of absolute and relative magnitude in statistics
4.2. Types and relationships of relative values

Chapter 5. Average values. Indicators of variation
5.1. Concept middle size
5.2. Types of medium and methods for computation
5.3. Structural middle
5.4. Indicators of variation

Chapter 6. . Study of the dynamics of public phenomena
6.1. Rows of speakers. Classification of dynamic series
6.2. Row analysis indicators
6.3. Study of development trend

Chapter 7. Indexes
7.1. Individual indexes and their use in economic analysis
7.2. General indices and their use in the analysis
7.3. Indices when analyzing structural changes

Chapter 8. Statistical study of relationships
8.1. The basic concepts of correlation and regression analysis
8.2. Steam correlation and steam linear regression
8.3. Assessment of the importance of relationship parameters
8.4. Non-parametric communication assessment methods

Part 2. Application of statistics in specific studies of socio-economic processes

Chapter 9. Statistical Assessment of the Country Economic Development
9.1. Statistics of National Wealth and National Property
9.2. Basic statistics indicators production Funds
9.3. Indicators of volume, structure and stock material values
9.4. Methods for calculating and analyzing social product and national income

Chapter 10. Statistical analysis of the conditions of socio economic Development Society
10.1. Population as a subject and object economic activity. Evaluation Indicators demographic situation territory

Chapter 11. Statistical Indicators of Products, Labor Resources and Production Efficiency
11.1. Indicators of production statistics material benefits and services
11.2. Employment and employment of the population
11.3. Performance indicators of working time. Funds of working time
11.4. Labor productivity. Main indicators and calculation methods
11.5. Product Cost and Production Cost Structure
11.6. Statistics financial activities Enterprises. Profit and profitability indicators

Chapter 12. Statistical assessment of the standard of living of the population
12.1. Statistics consumption of material goods and services
12.2. Indicators of statistics of income of the population

Bibliographic list

The Statistics course aims to give students an idea of \u200b\u200bthe content of statistics as a scientific discipline, to acquaint with its basic concepts, methodology and methodologies for calculating the most important statistical analytical indicators. In accordance with this, this tutorial covers the most common initial elements of statistical science, and above all the most important directions for the analysis of socio-economic processes.

In the first part of the course - the "statisticory theory" - the history of the development of statistics as science is presented, the main stages of statistical research (statistical observation, summary, grouping, calculation of generalizing indicators), an index method of analysis, the basis of regression and correlation analysis are considered.

The second part is "statistics in applied research" - is devoted to the most important concepts and indicators of the analysis of socio-economic processes, including the assessment of the main factors and the level of economic development of the country, indicators of costs and results in the field of material production, the methodology for calculating the level of living standards of the population.

1. Gromyko G.L. Statistics. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University. Lomonosova, 1981.
2. Gussearev V.M. Statistics theory. - M.: Uniti, 1998.
3. Eliseeva I.I., Yuzbashev. General statistics theory: studies. For universities. - M.: Finance and Statistics, 1995.
4. Efimov M.R., Petrov E.V., Rumyantsev V.N. General statistics theory: Textbook for universities. - M.: Infra-M, 1996.
5. National Accounting: Textbook for universities / Ed. Gdklagina. - M.: Finance and Statistics, 1997.
6. General Statistics Theory: Statistical Methodology in commercial activity: Tutorial for universities / ed. A.S. Spin and O.E. Kashina. - M.: Finance and Statistics, 1994.
7. Social statistics: Textbook for universities / ed. I.I. Lesheeva. - M.: Finance and Statistics, 1997.
8. Statistics: lectures for universities / ed. V.G.Ionina. - M.: Infra-M, 1996.
9. Economic statistics: textbook / Ed. Yu.N.Ivanova. - M.: Infra-M, 1998.

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Economic statistics are one of the most important branches of statistics as a scientific discipline and the type of practical activities of state statistical bodies that are engaged in quantitative characteristic Mass phenomena and processes in the economy.

Data economic statistics allow us to provide a systematic quantitative description of all major aspects economic process and the economy as a whole. They are necessary primarily by the authorities government controlled To address issues related to the regulation of the economy and development economic Policy.

Economic statistics are closely related to other sections of statistics, and, first of all, with socio-demographic statistics, the subject of which is a detailed study of socio-demographic processes, and with statistics of individual industries (industry statistics, agriculture, Construction, etc.), which is entrusted with the task of a more detailed description and analysis of the economy of the respective industries.

Like any science, statistics have its own subject of study, statistics studies the quantitative side of mass social phenomena in an inseparable connection with their qualitative side, explores the quantitative expression of public development patterns in specific conditions of place and time. Statistics studies their subject using certain categories, i.e. Concepts that reflect the most common and essential properties, signs, links and relations of objects and phenomena of the objective world.

The basic concepts of statistical theory:

1. Statistical aggregate is a set of units of the studied phenomenon, combined with a single qualitative basis, a common bond, but differ from each other by individual features. Such, for example, a totality of households, a combination of families, a totality of enterprises, firms, associations, etc.

A combination is called homogeneous if one or more studied essential features of its objects are common to all units.

A combination, which includes phenomena of different types, is considered heterogeneous. A combination may be uniform in one respect and heterogeneous in the other. In each individual case, the uniformity of the aggregate is established by conducting high-quality analysis, to determine the content of the studied public phenomenon.

2. The sign is a qualitative feature of a unit of aggregate. By the nature of the display of the properties of the units studied the set, signs are divided into two main groups:

Signs that have a direct quantitative expression, such as age, work experience, middle earnings etc. They can be discrete and continuous;

Signs that have no direct quantitative expression. In this case, individual units of aggregate differ in their content (for example, the profession is the nature of labor: the teacher, the joiner, the seamstress-motorcycle, etc.).

Such signs are usually called attribute (in the "Attribute" philosophy - an integral object of the subject). In the case when there are opposite options for the sign, they say an alternative feature (yes, no). For example, products can be suitable or defective (non-suitable); For representatives of individual age groups, there is a possibility to live or not to live to the next age group; Every person may be married or not, etc. A feature of a statistical study is that only varying signs are being studied in it, i.e. Signs receiving various values \u200b\u200b(for attribute, alternative signs) or having different quantitative levels in individual units of aggregate.

3. The statistical indicator is a quantitative assessment of the properties of the studied phenomenon. Statistical indicators can be divided into two main types: accounting and estimated indicators (dimensions, volumes, levels of studied phenomenon) and analytical indicators (relative and average values, variation indicators, etc.).

Statistics studies their subject using its specific method. The general basis for the development and application of the statistical methodology is the dialectical method of cognition, according to which public phenomena and processes are considered in the development, mutual communication and causal condition. The method of statistics is a whole set of techniques, using the statistics, explores your subject. It includes three groups of methods in itself: the method of mass observations, the grouping method, the method of generalizing indicators.

Statistical observation is to collect primary statistical material, in the scientifically organized registration of all significant facts belonging to the object under consideration. This is the first stage of all statistical research.

The grouping method gives the opportunity to all collected as a result of massive statistical observations to subjected to systematization and classification. This is the second stage of statistical research.

The generalizing indicators method allows to characterize studied phenomena and processes using statistical values \u200b\u200b- absolute, relative and medium. At this stage of statistical research, the relationships and extent of phenomena are detected, the patterns of their development are determined, projected evaluations are given.

The main tasks of economic statistics are:

providing public administration to the information necessary for them to make decisions on a wide range of issues related to the formation of economic policies, developing various state programs and measures to implement them;
ensuring information on the development of the economy and social sphere leaders of enterprises and companies, managers, organizers of production and businessmen needed to them for a better understanding of the macroeconomic climate, which operates their companies or enterprises, in particular, when making decisions on investments, expansion of production, sales organization, etc.;
informing about the main results and trends of the socio-economic development of the general public, research institutions, socio-political organizations and individuals. Statistical authorities all over the world are obliged to provide information on the state and development of the economy in international economic organizations: UN, International Monetary Fund (IMF), The World Bank other. This feature follows from the obligations taken by countries when entering international organizations.

As part of these tasks in conditions market economy State Statistical Service is engaged in a systematic description and analysis of the following economic phenomena and processes:

the number and structure of the country's population, its distribution by regions and territories, the most important indicators reproduction (rates of fertility, mortality, natural growth, etc.);
economic resources of the country, their structure and dynamics, distribution by industry and sectors of the economy, the effectiveness of their use; The main results of the economic process, the size and structure of the product produced, the rate of economic growth, the use of the product produced to accumulate and consumption, proportions between sectors and sectors of the economy, etc.;
production results in the main sectors of the economy and the most important goods or groups of goods, as well as the provision of services;
income distribution: primary and secondary distribution, formation of finite income and their use, differentiation when distributing income between various groups population, etc.;
and factors affecting it;
employment of the population and, factors affecting the employment indicators of the population and unemployment;
the standard of living of the population and its dynamics, the main factors affecting the level of welfare, consumption of goods and services, income and savings, household property, financial assets households, availability of long-term goods, socio-cultural conditions of life;
development of the social sphere, education and health care, the relationship between the indicators of the development of the social sphere and economic growth;
state of health of the population (morbidity, mortality, average life expectancy, etc.); Housing and communal services and services, sizes and structure of the housing stock, security of the population, utilities and convenience;
investment process, investment and their structure, sources of financing and their effectiveness; Functioning financial system: the state budget, financial operationscarried out by various sectors of the economy money mass in circulation, the amount of loans provided, financial debt, insurance companies, stock market, operations S. securities etc.;
foreign economic relations, identifying the needs of external borrowing, structure and dynamics of gold and foreign exchange reserves, etc.;
development of science and technology, the impact of technical progress on economic growth;
state ambient and measures to protect, the costs of environmental protection;
production and technological links between the sectors of the economy, the dependence between the final supply and production of products in the most important sectors of the economy based on the model of intersectoral balance;
the most important qualitative characteristics Development of the economy: labor productivity, efficiency of the use of fixed assets and other economic resources;
characteristics of economic entities.

In accordance with Art. 71 Constitution of the Russian Federation The management of statistics in the country is carried out by the State Statistics Committee as the federal executive body. State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation, its bodies in the republics, edges, areas, autonomous regions and districts, in the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg, other cities and districts, as well as jurisdiction of them organizations, institutions and educational establishments Act a single system of state statistics of the country. Forms and methods for collecting and processing statistical data, methodology for calculating statistical indicators established by the State Statistics Committee are statistical standards of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with the provision of the main tasks of the State Statistics Committee of Russia are:

1) providing official statistical information to the President, the Government, the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the federal authorities of the executive branch, the public;

2) the development of a scientifically based statistical methodology consistent with international standards;

3) coordination of statistical activities in the state;

4) the development of economic and statistical information, its analysis, drawing up national accounts, carrying out the necessary balance sheet calculations;

The main functions of the State Statistics Committee of Russia are that it:

1) organizes the conduct of state statistical observations on programs developed or agreed with it, forms and methods;

2) ensures the functioning of EDRPO (a single state register of enterprises and organizations);

3) provides collection, processing, storage and protection of statistical information, compliance with state and commercial secrets, the necessary data confidentiality (confidential - secret, trust);

4) compares the main socio-economic indicators of Russia with similar indicators of other countries, together with the Central Bank accounts for the balance of the country;

5) conducts a single technical policy in the field of collecting, processing and transmitting statistical information, in developing and forming federal programs on issues entrusted to the State Statistics Committee.

An important element of the study of socio-economic phenomena and the organization of information is classifications, groupings and nomenclature. Classification in statistics is a systematic distribution of phenomena and objects to certain sections, groups, classes, positions, views on the principles of similarities and differences. The basis of the classification is a sign (criterion) or several signs (criteria).

The classifier in statistics is a systematic list of objects (industries, enterprises, products, classes, fixed assets), each of which is assigned the code. The code implies the name of the object and serves as a tool for its identification.

System economic classifications It is a condition for streamlining, analysis, storage and effective search for information. The classifier is complemented and specified in the nomenclature - the standard list of objects and their groups. Classification groups form a hierarchical or facade (list) structure or a combination of their. Each faces is a sequential listing of classification objects by one feature.

The hierarchical method of classification is a sequential distribution of the set of objects to the subordinate classification groups. At first, many objects are divided into separate features on large groups, then each of them - on another basis for a number of subsequent groups, while the classification object is detailed. As a result, subordination is established between classification groups - hierarchy. The grouping allows you to distribute complex combustibility to groups, uniform according to any significant feature, as well as having the same or close values \u200b\u200bof a group-alkal sign.

Classifications use digital codes for groups mainly on attitudes (or other features) of the encoding object.

Grouping objects are mainly drawn up by the hierarchical method. As a rule, the highest level of aggregation is a section. The subsections are followed by the subsections characterizing the following level of distribution of classification facilities grouping. Further detail is made at the level of classes, which in most cases turn out to be the smallest level of groupings.

An important means of ensuring reliability and comparability of indicators is established in Russia one system Classification and coding of information (ECC).

The classification of sectors of the economy is necessary for the distribution of enterprises or their parts (divisions).

The classification of all types of economic activity serve as a basis for analyzing the statistics on production and production factors. The international standard sectoral classification of all types of economic activity (ISIC) is a classification of types of economic activity with a hierarchical structure.

ISIC has 17 sections designated by the capital letters of the Latin alphabet. Some sections consist of a single section (for example, construction and education), others from several. In total, ISIC includes 159 groups that form 290 classes.

Sections and groups are presented with regard to:

1) the nature of manufactured goods and services (physical composition, production stage);

2) appointments of goods and services;

3) types of raw materials, processing and production technology.

Classes are set taking into account the main part of the products manufactured in this class units.

Observation units in ISIC are objects for which information is collected, homogeneous on economic activity and by location. A unit of activity may be an enterprise or part of the enterprise (division).

The All-Russian Classifier for Economic Activities, Products and Services (OKDP) coincides under the highest hierarchical levels with the types and number of groups presented in ISIC. The OKDP includes 55 thousand types of products and services for all sectors of the economy.

Code notation: Four-digit digital decimal code - for types of economic activity; Seven digital decimal code - for product groupings and services.

The combination of production units carrying out predominantly the same or similar type of production activities, forms a branch of the economy. Each organization refers to the industry that corresponds to the main type of activity. The list of sectors of the economy are grouped by industries producing goods, and services providing services.

The industry is defined as a set of enterprises or units of enterprises that are located in one place are occupied by one type of production activity or in which the share of core activities accounts for the main part of the value added. Enterprises that make several types of production activities, to attribute to the relevant industries are divided into institutions. If it is impossible to allocate any division as a place, its activities are taken into account with the main activity. The All-Russian Product Classifier (OKP) is designed to ensure reliability, comparability and automated processing of product information.

A five-speed hierarchical classification is provided in the OKP.

In the system of international economic classifications after ICC, it is necessary to consider the central classification of products (SRS) associated with it.

1. Products of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. 01. Products of agriculture; 02. Products of animal husbandry; 03. Forestry products; 04. Fish products.

2. ores and materials, electricity, gas, water. 11. Stone coal, peat; 12. Crude oil and natural gas. 3. Food products. 21. Meat, fish, fruit, vegetables; 22. Dairy products.

4. Other transportable goods, except metal products. 31. Products made of wood; 32. Cellulose, paper and paper products; 33. Production of coke ovens.

5. Metal products, machinery and equipment. 41. Basic metals; 42. Ready metal products; 43. Machines and equipment general purpose; 44. Special machines and equipment; 45. Electrical machines and appliances; 46. \u200b\u200bRadio and television equipment; 47. Medical apparatus; 48. Transport equipment.

6. Construction work, facilities. 50. Construction work; 51. Constructions; 52. Earth.

7. Trading services. 61. Sale services, maintenance cars and motorcycles; 62. Services wholesale trade; 63. Services retail; 64. Services of hotels and restaurants.

8. Services of transport, warehousing and communications. 71. Services of land transport; 72. Water transport services.

9. Commercial services, services in the field of agriculture, mining and manufacturing industry. 81. Financial intermediation services; 82. Services related to real estate; 83. Lising and lease services; 84. Services in the field of law, account compilation, accounting and revision; 85. Services in the field of agriculture, mining and manufacturing industry.

To collect statistical data on foreign economic activity Russia and its regulation is intended for the commercial nomenclature of foreign economic activity (TN VED), which is based on the harmonized system of description and coding of goods (HS) and combined nomenclature (KN) European Union. TN VED is recommended to use when grouping exports and import goods.

HS is a multi-purpose commodity nomenclature corresponding to the needs of statistical services, customs authorities and commercial activities.

Building HS is based on the aggregate of various signs and functions performed by goods in the formation of groups:

1) a sequence of processing of goods from raw materials and semi-finished products to finished products;

2) when building commodity and subprosions - the degree of processing;

3) Purpose, type of material from which the goods are manufactured, and the value of the goods in world trade.

Source - economic statistics. 2nd ed., Add.: Textbook / Ed. Yu.N. Ivanova. - M.: Infra-M, 2002. - 480 p.
Economic statistics. Cribs. Shcherbak A.I. M.: Eksmo, 2008. - 32 s.
T.V. Chernova Economic statistics Tutorial. Taganrog: Publishing House PRTRU, 1999.

This tutorial is an electronic version of the work:
Chernova T.V. Economic statistics: Tutorial. Taganrog: Publishing House TRTR, 1999. 140 p.

Part 1. General statistical theory

Chapter 1. Item and statistics method
1.1. Subject, method and main categories of statistics like science
1.2. State Statistics Bodies of the Russian Federation

Chapter 3. Summary and grouping of statistical observation data
3.1. Concepts of reports and grouping statistical data
3.2. Types of groupings
3.3. Statistical tables and graphs

Chapter 4. Absolute and relative statistical values
4.1. The concept of absolute and relative magnitude in statistics
4.2. Types and relationships of relative values

Chapter 5. Average values. Indicators of variation
5.1. The concept of medium size
5.2. Types of medium and methods for computation
5.3. Structural middle
5.4. Indicators of variation

Chapter 6. . Study of the dynamics of public phenomena
6.1. Rows of speakers. Classification of dynamic series
6.2. Row analysis indicators
6.3. Study of development trend

Chapter 7. Indexes
7.1. Individual indices and their use in economic analysis
7.2. General indices and their use in the analysis
7.3. Indices when analyzing structural changes

Part 2. Application of statistics in specific studies of socio-economic processes

Chapter 9. Statistical Assessment of the Country Economic Development
9.1. Statistics of National Wealth and National Property
9.2. Statistics of the main production facilities
9.3. Indicators of volume, structure and use of reserves of material values
9.4. Methods for calculating and analyzing social product and national income

Chapter 10. Statistical analysis of the conditions of socio-economic development of society
10.1. Population as a subject and object of economic activity. Indicators of estimating the demographic situation of the territory

Chapter 11. Statistical Indicators of Products, Labor Resources and Production Efficiency