The level of income of the population by country. Saudi Arabia is the richest country in oil. The richest countries in Asia - Singapore

Russia is a country with a huge territory and, surprisingly, no less colossal difference in average income per capita in the regions. However, this is not surprising, since the potential of the regions in economic terms is significantly different, therefore, some regions and autonomous republics of our country simply cannot earn on their own, receiving funds in the form of subsidies on a residual basis.

Average per capita income is one of the most important economic indicators that show the attractiveness of a particular territory for living. Therefore, it is to him that the majority of the inhabitants of our country turn their attention before moving to one or another region of Russia. Today we'll talk about what is average income per capita, and what are its values ​​in different regions of our country.

What is this indicator

Average per capita income is one of the most important indicators, thanks to which the well-being of the inhabitants of the whole state is determined. It represents the average income that citizens of a given territory earn or receive. This indicator is calculated from the national or regional income, which is divided by the total population of the state or territory. At the same time, this indicator cannot be compared with the gross domestic product and the domestic national product, these are completely different indicators.

When making cross-border comparisons, a single currency is used to calculate average per capita income. As a rule, this indicator is calculated in US dollars, but other monetary units can be accepted for calculations. For domestic settlements, as a rule, it is used National currency... Thus, domestic rubles can also be used to calculate the average income in the regions of Russia.

It is important to remember that defining the well-being of the population in this way is not without its drawbacks. In particular, this method has the following main disadvantages:

• purchasing power is not taken into account. Therefore, in order to obtain more accurate data, it is necessary to calculate such an indicator as parity purchasing power;
• differences in the distribution of funds are not taken into account;
• do not take into account the own savings of residents of the state or territory;
• the capital of the population is not taken into account.

So, we found out what this indicator is. Next, let's figure out in which regions of Russia people live richer, and in which - poorer.

Indicators of income by regions in 2018-2019

As we said above, the range of indicators of the average income of the population in Russia is huge. Moreover, nowhere in the world is there such a difference in values ​​as in our country. This is so noticeable that most of the publications involved in the calculation of these indicators, in their news and articles, even compare the regional domestic product with the gross domestic product of the states of our planet. The results are very mixed.

For example, in the United States of America, which is slightly inferior to Russia in terms of area, the difference in the indices of the regional domestic product is incomparably smaller. The richest region of the United States is Alaska, the poorest state is Mississippi. The average income of the population between them differs by only 1.8 times. At the same time, in Russia, the poorest region lags behind the richest in this indicator by 32 times. Therefore, it is not surprising that there are regions on the territory of the country that, in terms of GRP, are comparable to the GDP of the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, France on the one hand, and the backward countries of Asia and Africa, on the other. So, let's figure out how the population of our country lives in certain regions. But first, a few notes:

• all calculations were made in US dollars, purchasing power parity was adopted in accordance with the calculations of the University of Pennsylvania, whose specialists evaluated the purchasing power of the ruble;
• the purchasing power of the ruble in the regions of Russia varies greatly. Thus, if one or another product or service in Transbaikalia can be bought for a ruble, in Kamchatka it will cost two, and in the central part of our country - about 72 kopecks.
  This was taken into account in the calculation.

1. There is nothing surprising in the fact that the first line in this indicator was taken by the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the internal regional product of which is at the level of 91.8 thousand dollars. Only a little over 40,000 people live here, but at the same time, 18,000,000 tons of oil are produced on its territory, which is more than 3% of the production in all of Russia. Therefore, in terms of income of the population, the Nenets Autonomous District could take third place on the entire planet, yielding in this indicator only to Qatar and Luxembourg.
2. The second place in the rating of life in Russia was taken by the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. On average, there are about 76 thousand dollars per capita here.
3. The third place is occupied by the Yamalo-Nenets district with an indicator of 50.0 thousand dollars. In general, the top three in terms of income can easily compete with the Asian oil-producing states: Saudi Arabia, Brunei, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait.
4. Sakhalin Region. The per capita income for the region is $ 32,000. In fact, this indicator is only slightly inferior to the United States and most of the developed countries of Western Europe and Asia.
5. The internal regional product of Moscow is also at the level of individual European and Asian states. On average, there are 25.4 thousand dollars per person here, which exceeds the figure for Portugal, but is inferior to countries such as Italy, Spain or South Korea.
6. The northern capital is located even lower, although here the average income remains quite high. Thus, the average per person in St. Petersburg is about $ 18,000, which is close to Hungary and exceeds the gross domestic product of Turkmenistan, which actively exports gas to the Asian region.

All in all, the average income in Russia is approximately $ 16.3 thousand per capita. In the world ranking, our country is located immediately after Croatia and before Chile. Unfortunately, most of the administrative-territorial units of our country have a much lower GRP than in the above areas. Thus, the level of the Komi Republic is inferior to Lithuania and is slightly higher than the Kazakh one. Kemerovo Oblast competes with Malaysia in this indicator. Orenburg is slightly behind Mexico. Magadan Oblast has a GRP at the level of Venezuela's income.

Many regions of our country have an average per capita income comparable to Ukrainian or Chinese. These include the Tver, Rostov, Saratov, Belgorod regions. Here, the average income is at $ 8,000. The Lipetsk region is located a little lower. The Moscow region lags far behind the capital, this indicator in the region is inferior to Turkey and slightly exceeds the Panama one. Residents of the Krasnodar Territory have an income equal to that of Brazil. The Jewish Autonomous Region is close to China not only geographically, but also in terms of the average income of the population.

The southern republics of our country traditionally have the weakest indicators. For example, residents of Ingushetia receive on average only 3.3 thousand dollars, similar indicators can be boasted by the Filipinos and Vietnamese. The lowest standard of living is in Chechnya, where residents earn only $ 2.9 thousand per capita, which is close to the level of Djibouti. Other close republics, such as North Ossetia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan and others, are also not far away. These regions remain subsidized, with virtually no production and only underdeveloped agriculture.

I eat cabbage, and the boss - meat. On average, we eat cabbage rolls.

Folk wisdom

The world continues to increase its income. According to the forecasts of international organizations, in 2018 the economy will grow by 3.1% (World Bank) or 3.8% (OECD), or even 3.9% (IMF). Does this mean that all countries, their inhabitants and each of us personally become richer? Definitely not: the well-being of the wealthy is increasing, while the majority of the poor remain poor. Let's try to reveal various aspects of the growth of social inequality and per capita income in the world in 2018.

The increase in the fortune of billionaires exceeds the growth rate of the world economy

Forbes is a fascinating magazine that we turn to to find out the names of the richest people in the world and the size of their fortune. His 2018 list has a record number 2208 billionaires from 72 countries and territories. This elite the group owns $ 9.1 trillion, which is 18% more than last year, Forbes notes.

So, the increase in the wealth of the richest people on the planet by 2018 was compared to 2017 18% ... And the growth of the world economy according to the IMF forecast in 2018 - 3,9% ... Thus, the rate at which billionaires get rich exceeds the growth rate of the world's economy, which means that the rest of the economy is growing slower than the "hospital average" .

10 richest and poorest countries in the world

Let us analyze the stratification of the countries of the world into rich and poor. We will take into account not the total wealth that countries have (because there are very large, but very poor countries, whose gross domestic product (GDP) is greater than that of very small but rich countries), but the relationship between the wealth of each country and its population, that is GDP per capita.

Based on the IMF statistics, we will compile Table 1, from which you can see how the composition and incomes of the richest and poorest countries in the world have changed over the past 10 years.

Table 1 - The richest and poorest countries in the world

in terms of GDP per capita

** - forecast for 2018 is presented based on actual data for 5 months

If we assume that in each of the countries presented in Table 1 there is one average citizen, whose per capita GDP accounts for the corresponding volume of GDP, then it is possible to estimate the average indicators of income growth in two groups of countries (the richest and the poorest), as well as the dynamics of these indicators. (table 2).

Table 2 - Characteristics of the groups of the richest and poorest countries in the world

Growth in per capita income in absolute terms (in thousands of US dollars) continues in 2018 for both rich and poor countries. But the ratio of the average GDP per capita by groups of countries (rich to poor), as well as the richest to the most poor country increased in 2018. It says the growing income gap between rich and poor countries in 2018 .

What about our income inequality indices?

Ukraine is modestly represented in the Forbes list in 2018 7 the richest billionaires in the country with a common fortune $ 13.2 billion, about 13% of the annual Country GDP... Let's add to this group hryvnia millionaires, who, according to the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, by 2018 there were 4063 people in the country with more than $ 1 billion in annual income.

As for the indices of income inequality, calculated The World Bank, then according to the latest research, Ukraine is indeed ahead of the rest of the planet. The value of the Ukrainian Gini index (about 25%) and the Palm coefficient (8.2%) are the best in Europe.

This begs a logical question - how is this possible? Experts explain this phenomenon by the high volume of the shadow economy and the low quality of statistics on per capita income, taken into account when calculating inequality indices. But optimists reassure: not everything is so bad, and we still have a chance to get into the club of countries with the most low level social inequality, only ... from another entrance. They say that we have our own, unique path of development, and if it does not work out like everyone else, then it will definitely work out in our own way.

Professional information and news resource dedicated to non-resident companies, offshore business, taxation, international banking, internet business, startups and innovation. You will find this and many other interesting things in our articles and news. Do not forget to take a look at our directory of companies with the above activities.

Gross National Income (GNI) is the total value of all goods and services produced during the year in the territory of the state (that is, gross domestic product, GDP), plus income received by citizens of the country from abroad, minus income exported from the country by foreigners. One of the key indicators of economic development.

A country's GNI can be significantly less than its GDP if a significant part of the country's income is exported from it by foreign companies or citizens. On the contrary, if the citizens of a given country own a large number of valuable papers foreign companies or governments and receive revenues from them, then GNI will be greater than GDP. However, for most countries in the world, GDP and GNI do not differ significantly and are often considered interchangeable. The term “gross” means that the value of capital consumed in the production process has not been excluded from the total market value of goods and services produced. If this had been done, it would have received not a “gross”, but a “net national product” practically equal to the national income. In practice, however, the words “product” and “income” are often used as equivalents, so the measure “gross national product” is also called “gross national income”.

Gross national income per capita is GNI divided by the average annual population of a country. This indicator gives an idea of ​​the amount of goods and services produced per one inhabitant of the state, or, in other words, how much each inhabitant of the country would receive if the entire annual national income were distributed equally among all citizens of the country. GNI per capita is also called “per capita income” or “per capita income”.

The GNI per capita index is one of the basic in international statistics. This indicator is often understood as an index of the standard of living or well-being in a state or region, however, it is only an approximate measure of the well-being of the population of a country, since it does not take into account a number of important factors, in particular:

Does not show how evenly or unevenly income is distributed among the citizens of the country (for example, in countries with the same GNI per capita, there may be a significant difference, for example, in the share of the middle class or in the share of the poor, since in reality most of the national income can be concentrated in the hands of a narrow group of the population).
Does not include production damage natural resources and the environment.
Does not take into account unpaid household or volunteer work, as well as all production in the shadow economy, which can be very significant.
Attaches equal importance to both useful and harmful products for society (for example, some medicines, cigarettes, weapons, etc.), while ignoring the value that free time or freedom has for a person.
In the methodology of the World Bank, which annually calculates indicators of national income per capita in the countries of the world, all states and territories are classified into three categories:

Countries with high per capita income ($ 12,616 and above).
Countries with middle income per capita ($ 1,036 to $ 12,615).
Countries with low per capita income ($ 1,035 and below).
This is the official analytical classification of the World Bank. The World Bank's World Development Indicators database serves as a source of information. Fixed during the fiscal year (ending June 30) and updated annually (updated statistics are usually published in October-November).

Data are presented as of 2012 (published July 2013, updated December 2013).

RATING OF COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES BY Gross National Income Per Capita

The World Bank: World Development Indicators, 2013. Gross National Income per Capita 2012.

Surely everyone is interested in the question: what is the level of income of the population in different countries. In this article, I'll introduce you to infographics: no need to spend hours looking at statistics. At first glance, it is clear: in Australia, the income of the population is more than $ 3,500, and in India it is barely up to $ 700. Are you ready to satisfy your curiosity? We look average level salaries in the countries of the world in 2015.

Income level of population and average wages by country

Salary in Europe

The distribution of wages in European countries is exactly according to the color spectrum: the more western the country is, the higher the value of the average wages... True, Spain and Portugal "fall out" of this rule: instead of the standard ones for Western Europe 2500-3000 $, in them the level of monthly income (after taxes) is 1500-2000 $. But the price level cannot be compared with neighboring France and Italy. Therefore, tourists choose hot Spain and Portugal for a long vacation.

In Eastern Europe, the Czech Republic ($ 1020), Slovenia ($ 1275) and Poland ($ 905) boast the highest wages. Therefore, if you are thinking about a career abroad, these countries can be seen as a successful springboard. It is important to remember here that the "average salary" is an analogue of the average temperature in a hospital and for qualified personnel the value will differ 2-3 times.

Countries by level of salaries: North America

It is even more interesting with North America: we have the opportunity to compare the level of income in the States. For example, it will come as a surprise to many that California, with Silicon Valley and the Hollywood Hills, lags behind the states of Washington, Wyoming, Nebraska, Virginia, New York and (attention) Alaska in terms of average wages. At the same time, California is breaking records for property values.

Central America: Countries by Salary Level

South America

Africa

The map of Africa resembles a red-orange desert: the income level of the local population here rarely exceeds $ 500. There are also countries marked in gray, which means that there is not enough information on them to be included in the report.

Against this background, there are only two positive green islands: Angola (average wages at $ 2,650) and Gabon (about $ 1,700). The fact is that apart from Agriculture, the extraction of oil, gold, diamonds and ores is also developed here.

Asia

The map of Asia is also not happy with the abundance of countries with a high level of income of the population. To the list with the middle wages from $ 1500 includes only: Japan, South Korea, United Arab Emirates, Israel, Oman.

But I would like to tell you about the state of Qatar, which you most likely did not immediately notice on the map. The small peninsula is home to 2 million people. But Qatar ranks first in the ranking of countries for GDP level per capita, and 14% of households are dollar millionaires. The main income of Qatar is oil production. In the structure of GDP, it is 60%.

Southeast Asia and Australia

Population income by countries of the world

Infographic source - movehub.com

There are only three options when salary statistics in different countries of Europe and the entire civilized world may be of great interest:

• simple curiosity;
• academic interest;
• selection of new habitats.

In the first two cases, general data is enough, but when the goal is to move to a new country in search of a new life, the information should only be accurate and reliable.

A warning may seem like an overkill, it is easy to find any information and ratings of income of the population from all over the world on the Internet. However, in reality, they are more often advertising moves than a real display of cases. Real numbers have slightly different characteristics.

A simple calculation of the average wages within states, made by local statistics agencies, is the arithmetic average of the income of the entire population. In other words:

1. Take a list of all existing professions, positions, specialties, officially taken into account by the state.
2. Add up all earnings on the list.
3. Divide the amount received by the number of posts.

As a result, data are obtained that are far from reality. After all, they add up and divide the revenue of employees not in one area, but money and top management large companies, and echelons of power, and cleaning women at school. It is not surprising that the figures obtained so resent the inhabitants of the periphery, who have never held so much money in their hands.

Better advanced statistical centers, calculating the average wages in the world, try first to conduct in-depth monitoring of existing social groups, fields of activity, professions in order to minimize errors. However, all the same, the reality falls out significantly from the results of calculations. In addition, it is customary to calculate the average monthly income without taking into account tax deductions, social payments and other deductions. Therefore, the indicators are overestimated by another 10-40%, depending on the state.

Conclusion: the average wages officially approved by the governments themselves are almost always biased; it is better to rely on this information with caution.

International statistics

The calculations of the International Labor Organization (ILO) are closer to the truth. The charts she compiled are based on a detailed study of the situation in 70 regions of the world, the economy of which is the most successful. The final table of indicators is a list where the top lines are occupied by the most highly profitable nations, and then - in descending order of values. Monetary unit the US dollar was chosen for calculations, however, with the amendment that in different countries you can buy a different amount of goods for $ 1. Thus, the data does not reflect the total profitability against the background of all countries at once, but the purchasing weight of labor pay for a particular region, based on the ratio of domestic prices and average profit.

How international statistics work:

• only salaries of employees are taken into account;
• the level, qualifications, experience of the working mass are taken into account;
• businessmen, state of emergency / individual entrepreneurs, recipients of social benefits for unemployment, disability, pensioners are excluded from the calculations.

Top ten countries with the best salary figures

Important! The figures below may differ slightly from official statistics.

The fact is that the ILO rating is published annually, but in reality it is compiled on the basis of data for several previous years. Moreover, salaries for different countries can be compared for different years. Even in a regularly updated Wikipedia article with a rating-table, there is a separate column with the date of the data's relevance. This is due to the enormous amount of information that needs to be processed, as well as the unevenness of statistics coming from different countries.

Accordingly, citizens of the Scandinavian region, Western Europeans, residents of the continent of North America, residents of the Australian Union, Japanese, and South Koreans earn the most. At the same time, the values ​​in the TOP-5 do not fall below $ 4500, and in the TOP-10 - $ 3000.

The last five items in the table are provided for comparison.

Real income

After studying the official rating, it is better to exhale and look at the real state of affairs. The fact is that the rating does not take into account taxes, and they are different in each state. If we revise the indicators from the point of view net profit on your hands, the picture in 2019 changes slightly.

Norway, which is in first place with $ 7,000, loses almost half of the amount on taxes, so it manages to get an average of about $ 3,000 on hand.

Australia - After paying taxes, Australians also get only half of the $ 5,000 declared by the rating. But the Green Continent consistently holds the bar as the most expensive minimum rate in hour.

Statistics average salary in Australia, Australian dollars per week

New Zealand - has a very gentle tax system with many conditions and benefits. Therefore, there is almost no concept of maximum or minimum profit. Everyone gets paid according to the degree of their labor zeal, and it can be said that New Zealanders have the best average wages in the world.

New Zealand minimum wage statistics, New Zealand dollars per hour

Germany - Having initially almost the same $ 4600 as the US, the Germans receive net "only" $ 2800. But the tax policy provides for an individual approach to each taxpayer, carefully taking into account all the attendant factors of life. Also in 2015, a law was passed on the size of minimum wage labor. From now on, the hourly rate in Germany should be from $ 10. and more. Workers with monthly income 1200-1700 $ are counted as low-income, and those living on $ 1100 per month are considered to be below the poverty line.

Average salary statistics in Germany, euros per month

Canada - the native government does not allow citizens and immigrants who arrived on a work visa to pay less than $ 10 per hour or $ 1,500 per month. However, the northerners' taxes are not the most pleasant - $ 3,500 from the rating actually turns into a living wage.

Japan - has extortionate taxes and a very flexible system tax incentives... Taxation can reach 68% of fees, benefits manage to bring them down to 40%. Enviable earnings are "compensated" by a very expensive life that amazes even wealthy American tourists.

France - the tax bites off the average earnings of more than $ 1,000 here, but on the remaining $ 2,500 the French live quite well thanks to good balance income and prices. The minimum wage limit, including unskilled and foreign labor, is $ 1,600 / month.

Italy - taxes are very low, but most of the population actually receives a little more than $ 1,300 per month. Students or immigrants even less (up to $ 1000). Women are paid 20% less than men.

South Korea - After replenishing the state treasury, the average South Korean gets more than the Japanese. If you dig deeper, then the figure consists of a solid income of $ 3,000 and a minimum of $ 400. And yet, this difference is much lower than in the USA, Russia or Japan.

In total, the adjusted largest salaries in the world look like this:

1. New Zealand - $ 4000.
2. USA - 3500 $.
3. Norway - $ 3300.
4. Germany - $ 2800.
5. Italy - $ 2600.
6. Australia - 2.4-2.6 thousand dollars
7. France - $ 2,500.
8. South Korea - $ 2400.
9. Japan - $ 2,000.
10. Canada - $ 1,500.

Who is paid the most by profession?

• Norway pays most of all to doctors, IT specialists, programmers, oilmen;
• in Australia, capital residents get good money and the inhabitants of Tasmania receive little money, doctors and programmers are highly valued;
• New Zealand pays the most for the work of lawyers and doctors;
• The United States pays dearly to engineers, teachers, doctors, police officers, high-tech specialists;
• the Germans are eager to provide large revenue for talented computer scientists, financiers, doctors, insurance specialists;
• Canada loves builders, geeks, truck drivers, engineers, chefs, oil workers, lawyers;

• the Japanese are traditionally unusual - in addition to standard computer engineers with electronics engineers, designers, salesmen, architects, advertising geniuses, PR people make good money in Japan;
• IT specialists are entitled to up to $ 4,000 per month, the same amount is given to accountants, in production you can get more than $ 3,000.

In general, the highest salaries in Europe in 2019 are recognized for the following specialties:

1. Engineer-economist (from 20 thousand dollars in Belgium to 40 thousand dollars in Switzerland).
2. IT specialist (from 20 thousand dollars in Belgium, Italy to 40 thousand dollars in Switzerland).
3. Lawyer (from 18 thousand in Belgium to 40 thousand dollars in Switzerland, Germany).

Countries with low minimum wages

Studying the statistics of earnings in the world, it should be borne in mind that in addition to the simple tariffication of personnel, there is also such a thing as hourly rates. So, for another power, this figure may be very high, but the length of the working day is low, therefore, the total profit is low.

In addition, in some nations there is a very high difference between the upper and lower thresholds for wages. For example, the Chinese average figures consist of the earnings of civil servants and factory workers, while the data of the former are 6 times higher than the statistics of the latter. Moreover, the calculations also took into account top officials, whose profits are 100 times higher than the minimum.

Conclusion: a low minimum wage for a power does not always mean low purchasing power, as well as the fact that high averages do not mean the overall wealth of a nation.

Features of wages in the states

It is worth knowing that the efforts to obtain the earnings indicated in the ratings are also different for different workers. Americans, Russians, Japanese, in order to justify the statistics, must work at least 40 hours every week (for Russians it is $ 1 per hour, in rubles - at the exchange rate). For the French, 35 hours are enough, the Vietnamese, Kenyans, Filipinos - all 48-55 hours.

The same goes for vacations:

• working 55 hours a week, Filipinos are only entitled to 5 days of vacation per year;
• Mexico, Singapore rest 6-7 days a year;
• the Japanese are entitled to 10 days of vacation;
• with the same workload as the Japanese, the Russians rest for 24 days;
• workers from Denmark, Panama and Madagascar "walk" 30 days of their next vacation.

So it turns out that when choosing a new place of residence, it is not enough to know how much Europeans and citizens of other countries of the world receive. An equally important factor is also the conditions of work and rest.

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