Cash icon. Designations of the currency of different countries. Symbol of a single currency

From the number and diversity of world currencies in any eyes will be charged. After all, the currency world is not only a variety of coins and bills, but also specific names, as well as a fascinating story that lies for each national monetary unit.

It happened that some types of currencies became almost world, and their development and stability cause sincere admiration. However, there are types of money in which even local residents of the country are weakly oriented, where they are common.

In any case, to simplify reading trade reports, facilitating the orientation process among a huge amount monetary units and information flows with currency exchangeSpecial designations were invented. After all, this is the easiest way to quickly understand, in what currency the amount is expressed.

Currency designation system

The term "currency" itself is borrowed from Italian and denotes "Cost". In fact, the currency is a settlement unit of the state.

In order to somehow make it easier to the life of all confidence in the financial sphere, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been adopted by the Standard, due to which the world's currency has appropriated a special designation, which made it possible to unify form financial activities.

ISO is a leader in the development of any international standards. And according to the standard adopted by it, any global monetary unit received not only a three-digit letter, but also digital.

It should be noted that any power that solved the development of its own currency classification system is always valid, based on the already existing ISO standard.

Main currencies in the world (16 currencies)

IN modern world Presented about 200 different currencies and only 150 of them, got into international Standard. It should be noted that, along with world currencies, this standard got some more medals and collectible coins.

Among such a set of monetary units of the world, 16 currencies have gained special status, which are now recognized as the main on the market.

These include:

However, it should be noted that only the first 7, of the currencies given in the list, are recognized as basic. This means that they are the main reserve currencies and it is in them that many states are preferred to support and maintain their gold and foreign exchange reserves.

Currency Currency Designation

As mentioned, on any currency market and accompanying financial documentation, you will not find the usual eye of the names. After all, they have long been replaced by a special system designation convenient for perception.

Thus, the merits of the International Organization for Standardization, each monetary unit received its abbreviated alphabetic designation, consisting of three Latin letters. Accordingly, the first two of them indicate the name of the country, but the latter indicates the name of the currency itself.

If you look at the All-familiar USD abbreviation (US dollar), then you will understand that the US is United States (USA), and the letter D denotes the name of the currency itself - Dollar. The same principle acts in relation to the names of other currencies.

Currency signs of the world

However, the majority more than once faced with other options for the designation of world currencies. Undoubtedly, we are talking about the sign of the currency. This is a much more efficient and concise way to display the currency type, moreover, many signs are not one dozen signs, or even a hundred years, and have their impressive history.

However, few people know (the exception is the financial sphere specialists) that the overall expression of all world currencies looks likewise.

Of course, each of the main currencies has its own symbolic expression, although it makes sense to stop at the "basic" currencies.

• $ - US dollar
• € - Euro
• £ - British pound
• ¥ - Japanese yen
• ₣ - Swiss franc

It is immediately noticeable that most of the characters are trying to include horizontal screenshots. And it is no coincidence. After all, the presence of such constituents has always served as a symbol of stability and reliability of the currency.

Currency codes of the world and their designation

In addition to alphabetic expressions, any type of currency also has its own digital code. Perhaps you have a bewilderment, why such a variety is needed, however, everything has its own hidden meaning.

As it should be expected, the use of digital code makes it easier to conduct certain currency transactions.

As for the designations themselves, the codes of major world currencies look like this:

Naturally, any currency has its own employment history and a mass of features worthy of more close study. However, I want to believe that the information provided is great to you, significantly expanding the boundaries of your presentation about this area.

Currently currency symbols different countries Used everywhere, and no one has a question about why euro, for example, is referred to as €. But the sign of the currency and its designation is an interesting topic, followed by many interesting facts.

Why do you need graphic characters for money?

Few currencies of the world can present their own signs. Without special designations, the following money is cost: Swiss francs, Croatian kuns, Latvian lats, etc. According to the UNICODE World Standard, only thirty global monetary signs have officially recorded graphic characters. Among them there are those that this moment Do not apply because of the introduction of the euro: this is a symbol of a French franc (₣).

It would seem why to write the currency sign of the euro in the form of symbols, if you can write 100 euros, and not 100 €?

There are several factors according to which brief designations of one or another currency are introduced into use:

• Such signs are very comfortable, because as soon as the ruble is not denoted: rub. or ruble. It looks non-original and not always clear for foreigners.
• Have your own designation for currency prestigious. Such monetary signs Automatically refer to strong and successfully developing.

When a state can develop, approve and enable currency sign in Unicode, it can be said that the country has raised its authority at the world level.

Signs of world currencies and main requirements for them

When developing the designation for any country, designers adhere to the following requirements:

1. The symbol must consist of one sign. If the designation will have them 2 or more, it will also cause an inconvenience when reading, and complexity in writing.
2. It should be easily recognized by citizens of the country, in which this currency is located in everyday life. Excellent if foreigners are recognized, because the symbol of any currency is unique.
3. The designation should not depend on the font. The sign should be found in any font system.
4. All characters exist in width: if we consider all the designations of currencies, then they are not thicker 0.
5. The icon should not be overloaded with additional elements (wavy lines, etc.).
6. The symbol must necessarily be unique, not similar to any other.

When developing designations, strict requirements are taken into account, so sometimes similar elements are present: thrust vertical or horizontal, and possibly two. Such symbols denote stability, and this is the main thing that all currencies of the world are striving for.

History of the appearance of the symbol of the Russian ruble

The most famous symbols that designate a specific currency have their own history.

The known designation of the ruble (₽) is presented in the form of the letter P, which crosses the horizontal trait from the bottom. It denotes stability and distinguishes the currency sign from the letter of the alphabet.

In the days of the Russian Empire, the ruble was written differently: the capital letters "P" and "U" were combined. According to the most common version, the letter "P" unfolded at 90 degrees and the letter "U" was written on top. The sign was obtained unique, but it turned out to be difficult, especially in writing.

Therefore, the designation did not fit, and I had to invent a symbol again.

The process of developing the designation of the ruble itself is interesting:

• The Central Bank of Russia conducted 2 competitions on this issue. The first was held in 2007, but all offers did not differ in particular originality.
• The next competition was conducted in 2013, but there was no new version of the ruble symbol.

The design of the designation process was connected to the font design masters: Alexander Tarbeev and Vladimir Efimov.

Now the currency sign is officially recognized as debate (₽), which approved the Central Bank of Russia. The designation is implemented in Unicode.

Symbol of a single currency

Currency designation European Union (€) was approved after a sociological survey of citizens of the Commonwealth member countries. This sign was officially introduced in 1996. The authors are considered four specialists whose data is not disclosed.

The logo is very well chosen. According to the Commission, which took the final decision, the sign demonstrates:

1. The significance of the European civilization, because it includes the Greek letter "Epsilon".
2. Stability, which is confirmed by two parallel horizontal lines.
3. Denerement with Europe (letter E).

The euro is considered one of the youngest monetary units of the planet. Symbols of currencies of the world, such as dollar, yuan and yen signs, have a longer development history.

Where did the designation of $ come from?

With the designation in the form of a Latin letter S, which is crossed by one (two) vertical dash, many residents of the planet are familiar, regardless of whether they face the field of finance or not. The exact version of this designation is unknown, but there are several versions of the origin of the sign:

• Presumably, $ sign has a lot in common with writing us. If you shift u and s to meet each other, we get the designation of the American currency.
• Another version is associated with Spain and its currency - peso. 1 Peso is equal to 8 Realms, when writing to save time it was done - / 8 /. Over time, it may have been simplified by the inscription: one halves remained from the eight, and the slant lines turned into one vertical.
• The next version is also Spanish. PS was used to designate multiple numbers, then the line remained from P, and the letter S became full. Only this version has a documentary confirmation of 1778. In this message, some Olliver Polak first wrote PS, and then corrected $.
• Do not refuse the version associated with Roman themes. The Romans were made to designate sterns like LLS, then writing declined, and it turned out the famous $. It is impossible to refuse this option, because in the US Congress, the upper chamber received the name of the Senate.
• The last option of the origin of $ - the printed sheets were denoted. Before the amount of them was indicated by SH, in this case S reminded the number of spelling 5. Then H was transformed into a line that was imposed on S.

Currently, the most popular currencies in the world are represented including US currencies. And the sign of the American monetary unit is known for the whole world, and to accurately establish where it appeared, it does not seem possible.

Symbol of Ukrainian currency

In Ukraine, the introduction of the designation of their national currency was thought back in 2004. At first, the National Bank of Ukraine held the appropriate competition for the currency sign, in the end the best option was chosen.

The hryvnia is a rather old name of the monetary unit, but it did not have a separate designation. Find the appropriate option was not difficult. The sign of the Ukrainian currency is represented in the form "₴", where the main part of the symbol resembles the letter r, and two are added to it horizontal lines. Dates, as in all other signs, symbolize stability.

Some historians were able to notice the coincidence of the currency designation with the Roman sequel. The symbol indicating 0.5 sequel is exactly similar to ₴, although it is pointless to look for Roman roots in this situation.

Japanese yen and chinese yuan

Yena is the cash currency of Japan since 1871. It is considered the main reserve monetary unit of the world after the American dollar and the euro. This happened due to stable developing economics Ascending Sun countries.

International designation ¥, and in the country itself, the hieroglyph is used on the price tags. The official date of the appearance of this sign is considered to be 1953, when the IMF to help restore the Economy of Japan, equatedly 1 yen to 2.5 g of gold. Then the corresponding designation appeared.

In addition, the yen symbol is used for Chinese yuan. When writing yuan should be with one dash, but in practice it is not done.

Sign of English pound

The English pound, despite its decline associated with the brecite, is considered one of the most stable currencies in the world. The sign is indicated - £, which resembles the Latin letter L, supplemented by one or two horizontal dashes in the middle.

The history of the emergence is associated with the ancient Rome and its measurement system. The pound received its name from the phrase "limb weight". In the past, 240 coins were obtained from 1 pound of silver. Therefore, the library or true weight was used to determine the quality of coins or the degree of their worn.

The designation of currencies in the form of symbols is not at all mandatory procedureAfter all, there are many monetary units in the world that use abbreviations. However, if the state has a separately developed symbol, it is believed that its currency is stable and reliable. Symbols have not only monetary units of countries with a rich historical past. There is a currency sign of the European Union formed recently.

The designation of the currencies of the world is used to simplify the type of economic information. Each currency has its own three-digit code, where the first two letters mean the country, and the last third letter is the name of the currency itself (DOLLAR - D, FRANC - F, POUND - P).

It is regulated by such an order of the three-digit currency designation by a special standard ISO 4217. The International Standardization Organization in 1978 recommended all countries to use three-letter and three-digit currency codes.

Symbol of any currency:

The main purpose of this application of the currency designation was aimed at international documentation for international agreements, in which it was more efficient to use the abbreviated names of currency codes to identify their name, since some currencies are sufficiently similar (US dollar, Australian dollar, Canadian dollar, etc.).

Of course, each country has adapted the ISO 4217 standard for their needs. For example, Russia has its own All-Russian Classifier currencies. Only the European Union uses the ISO 4217 directly.

The designation of currencies, according to ISO 4217, has been improved several times: digital codes were introduced, data on fractional monetary units were introduced.

In order to facilitate the use of the ISO 4217 standard, the currency designation was displayed in special tables - lists, which indicate the name of the currency, the currency appeal location, three-letter alphabetical code, three-digit alphabetical code, and decimal discharges for monetary units.

It is clear that some currencies come out of circulation, so they are marked in additions to the ISO 4217 standard with explaining the causes of such changes, and the dates of entering and output information.

All changes in the designation of currencies officially publishes a special agency on its website - Six Interbank Clearing in English and French.

The most interesting thing is that during the use of the currency of the world since 1978, all available currencies were practically used, therefore, for new currencies, they invented to enter the letter N, from english word. - New.

Currency codes were needed to automate and unify the designation of currencies, so each country develops them on their own taking into account the ISO 4217 standard.

Currency Currency Designation

Surely you noticed when filled payment order In his bank, that you have currency codes counts: for the dollar - 840, Euro - 978, the Russian ruble - 643, Ukrainian hryvnia - 980.

Currency symbols of the world

In addition to currency currencies and codes, currency symbols are still distinguished by currency symbols $, £, ¥, € that you often see in everyday life.

The history of the dollar symbol $ has a number of versions.

The first version states that in 1492, King Ferdinand II Aragonian from Spain approved the symbol with his monetary unit, which was similar to Hercules pillars, lungs.

The second version tells the occurrence of the dollar symbol between 1573 - 1825. In Potosi, which at that time was the largest industrial center of the world, and was located on the territory of modern Bolivia. The fact is that the coins that went at the time in the sweat, very much similar to the modern dollar symbol.

The third version tells about the similarity of the modern dollar symbol with a monetary unit with a sisterhood from ancient Rome. The sisterhood was designated as IIS.

And in the fourth version it is assumed that the symbol of $ turned out as a result of the reduction of Spanish Peso. That is, in a single expression, PESO was used abbreviated as PS. Later, PS simplified to one letter S, which simply crossed the missing letter P, and the $ symbol came out.

With other currencies, everything is easier. The designation of the pound £ went from the LIBRA Latin word, which means scales. At that time, the cost of pound was equated with a pound of silver.

The euro currency designation occurred as a result of a sociological survey of the population. That is, the people themselves chose how their national symbol should look like. Euro itself is a very young European currency that was born in 1999. The symbol of €, according to the European Commission, denotes two elements: the significance of Europe in the Greek letter Epsilon, and the stability of the currency in two parallel lines.

The symbol for the designation of the Japanese yen currency - ¥ appeared as a result of applying two parallel lines to the Latin letter. The Japanese are described by the hieroglyph 円.

Most countries of the world with the designation of currencies are not bored with special fiction, and simply reducing the first letters in the name of the country. So, in Poland, zloty are denoted as zł, and the former German milk brand is reduced simply as DM.

Some countries denote their currencies with a symbol that is associated with the dollar. For example, Nicaraguan Cordoba looks like C $.

The designation of the shekel currency in Israel in Hebrew is deciphered as the first letters of the currency name - ₪.

The story of the designation of the Russian ruble indicates that the name of the ruble itself was the first time in the XIII century and meant Pud Silver, which had a weight of one hryvnia and was cut into parts. Over time, the symbol of the ruble changed. In XVII - XIX centuries The ruble was depicted by connecting two letters P and W. Modern symbol The Russian ruble was approved only at the end of 2013 and denotes the letter p with a horizontal line, a supplementing letter R - ₽ (but this symbol is not yet correctly displayed, since such a symbol in Unicode tables appeared quite recently).

Thus, we have dealt with the designations of the currencies of the world, considered signs, codes and symbols of major world currencies.

The Russian ruble finally gained an official graphic symbol - now the national currency will be denoted by the crossed letter "P". Therefore, why currencies are needed special graphic signs and why in most monetary units of the world there are horizontal "dashes" - in the material site.

Why currency need graphic characters

Not every currency of the world can boast by their own sign. So, without special characters, Latvian lats, Swiss francs, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish crowns, Croatian kuns and many other monetary units of the world are cost. In total, according to the global UNICODE standard (standard of encoding symbols and signs of written languages), only about thirty global currencies have officially registered graphic notities. Among them are already unused - for example, outdated after the introduction of the euro, the signs of the Italian lira (£), the German brand (ℳ), French franc (₣).

Meanwhile, it is hard not to recognize that currencies with their own graphic symbols are characterized by much wider prevalence than cash units that have no characters. So, dollar ($), pound (£), euro (€), as well as yen (¥), are undoubtedly not only the most popular, but also the most strong and influential currencies in the world.

Approval of the ruble symbol

The introduction of the official symbol of the Russian ruble, according to the Bank of Russia, has become an essential event in the country's economy. "Moscow claims the status of an international financial center. An objective need for introducing a national currency symbol recognized in the country and abroad," said Elvira Nabiullina, chairman of the Central Bank of Russia, announced on December 11, presenting an approved designation russian currency.

The adoption of one mark as the designation of the monetary unit allows, in addition, to unify all the variants of its former spelling: so, after the official approval of the ruble symbol, no longer have to doubt how it is better to say about the ruble in a written speech - 100 rubles, 100 rubles. or 100 rubles.

What is common in the characters of different world currencies

Some of the graphic images of monetary units have developed naturally, as a result of various historical events, and some were formed during the development of many options, as well as national voting. So any special requirements for creating a symbol of a particular currency cannot be presented. However, the graphic image should be comfortable and easy to write, otherwise it will be useless - after all, currency signs are introduced in order to become recognizable and replace in writing speech full names currencies.

Dollar, euro, pound, japanese yen., Vietnamese Dong, Israeli New Shekel

Graphic designations of almost all the currencies of the world have horizontal "dashes" in their structure. This is not only a British pound sterling (£), euro (€), Ukrainian hryvnia (₴), Japanese yen (¥), Kazakhstan tenge (₸) and, finally, who received official status, the symbol of the Russian ruble. Thus, the symbols of Indian rupee (₹), the South Korean swollen (₩) and many other currencies of the world are also written using one or more cross-blocking horizontal strips.

Such stripes in signs are a generally accepted symbol of currency stability, in which spelling they are present. That is why the representatives themselves stated Central Bank Russia, the feature is used in the ruble symbol.

From Russia with love

The approved symbol of the Russian ruble, which is a crossed "P", is not at all the first sign of the national currency, but the only one recognized officially. We must, however, add that for a long time he was the most popular of the unofficial designations of the Russian currency.

In times Russian Empire There was a different way of writing the ruble: they were combined with the capital letters "P" and "y". According to the most common version, "P" turned 90 degrees counterclockwise, and then the letters wrote "y". Such a designation of the ruble indicated not after the figures, as today, and above them. However, despite the attempts of some publishers, such a sign of the ruble did not receive such a sign of widespread.

Now the graphic symbol of the ruble has become - and already completely legitimately the crossed letter "P". Such a sign on December 11 approved central bank Russia. The chosen symbol was recognized as the most popular according to the results of the vote, which the Central Bank conducted on its website. The coin is the advantage of one ruble with a new graphic sign of the national currency will appear in circulation already in 2014.

Approved designation of the ruble. Photo: CBR.ru.

In early November, the central bank made a ruble graphics symbol on public discussion. Finalist signs were selected by the Bank of Russia working group from more than three thousand options. Lisked "R" during the voting supported more than 61% of respondents.

Crossed letters and not only

Since horizontal strips are a fairly popular "attribute" of currency symbols, it is not surprising that there are already a number of monetary units in the world, whose signs are very similar to the new designation of the ruble. So, the majority of countries in which the sign of the American dollar ($) or similar, only with two transverse stripes, are used to pay for their currencies. But in the Philippines, the peso, meanwhile, is indicated by another symbol - ₱, which is similar to the new designation of the Russian ruble.

Symbols of various currencies of the world: including the American Dollar, Korean Voons, Guldenin Netherlands Antille Islands

Nigerian Nira is also crossed out - the truth is already two strips (₦). In addition, similar notation - in the form of crossed letters - have Ukrainian hryvnia (₴) and Lao Kip (₭).

In graphic draws of some national currencies Horizontal lines are present in a different way. Thus, the new Israeli shekel is rather more like a beautiful rectangular pattern (₪), the country of Bangladesh - on the likeness of a solid sign from the Russian alphabet (৳), and Gulden's Netherlands Antillest Islands - on the mathematical designation of the function (ƒ).

Where did the most famous currency notes come from

There is no single look at the origin of a $ sign today, but it is quite possible that the American currencies are obliged to the residents of Misty Albion. The fact is that the English king of George III ordered the use of Spanish reals in the treatment, which cost 1/8 of the English pound sterling. This money was called "Piece of Eight" ("piece of eights"), which eventually turned into a reduced "peso". Soon they began to pay them in the North American colonies of England, where they were also called and dollars.

As a written notation for "Piece of Eight", the crossed out of the eight was reasonably selected. However, soon, such a writing turned out to be too long and uncomfortable, as a result of which the symbol turned into a "trimmed" eight - $.

According to the theory of American patriots, $, however, it emerged otherwise: becoming a simplified combination of letters "U" and "S" (the first letter of the name of the United States - US) imposed on each other. Another version of the appearance of the American dollar symbol says that the "progenitors" of the sign $ were Spaniards, who wrote in writing in writing the currency with the combination of letters "P" and "S".

Fancy Writing roots british pounda Sterling Litted in the Latin letter "L", complemented by horizontally, the line (or two features) in the middle. Same "L" originated from the Libra Libra Latin (Libra, Pound), which denoted the bulk of the weight in ancient Rome and England.

Pound - £ or ₤ - is used not only in the UK, but also in some other countries of the world.

The euro, as a currency, a young one, received his sign as a result of the analysis of the public opinion of Europeans. It is believed that the authors of € were four experts whose names for some reason were decided not to disclose.

According to the European Commission, the graphic image of the euro carries the importance of European civilization (it symbolizes the Greek letter "Epsilon"), identity from Europe itself (letter E ") and stability (crossing parallel lines).

From $ to €

In 1972, the first use of a symbol of any (some) currency is dating. It may be necessary if, for example, in a computer font, the sign of the desired currency is not available.

Designation of any currency

The sign of a certain currency is a circle from which, from the sun, at an angle of 90 degrees in relation to each other, four beams are departed.

Anna Teplitskaya