Population of Belarus - This is a community permanently residing in the territory of the Republic of People. The concept of "population of Belarus" close by the meaning will be - "People of Belarus" and "Belarusian nation". If you try to immediately give short, overall characteristics The population of the Republic of Belarus, then it will be possible to say the following: the Belarusian nation aging, with a high number of pensioners and a low birth rate, relatively educated living, most advantage of cities, occupied in the field of material production less than half. According to these relative features, the inhabitants of Belarus differ little from the population of neighboring states.
In Belarus, almost 100% literacy of the population over 10 years has been provided. The higher education has about 18% of citizens, another 26% is secondary special.
- Population size – 9 499 804
- Number of male population(48.5%) – 4 977 872
- The number of female population(51.5%) – 5 295 665
- Population growth this year – 160
Population of Belarus 2016.
According to the estimate, at the end of 2016, the population of Belarus amounted to 9,499,644 people. In 2016, the population of Belarus increased approximately 760 people. Given that Belarus's population at the beginning of the year was estimated at 9,498,884 people, an annual increase was 0.01%.
Population of Belarus in 2017
In 2017, the population of Belarus will increase by 760 people, and at the end of the year will be 9,500,404 people. Natural population growth will be negative and will amount to 23,369 people. For the whole year, approximately 111,241 children will be born and 134,610 people will die. If the level of external migration remains at the level of last year, due to the migration causes, the population will change by 24,129 people. That is, the total number of people entering the country for the purpose of long-term stay (immigrants) will be larger than the number of people leaving the country (emigrants).
The density of the population of Belarus
According to the Department of Statistics Organization of the United Nations, the total area of \u200b\u200bBelarus is 207,600 square kilometers. Population density is considered as a ratio of the total population living in a given territory, common Square This territory. According to calculations at the beginning of 2017, the population of Belarus amounted to approximately 9,499,644 people. Thus, the density of the population of Belarus is equal to 45.8 people per square kilometer.
Life expectancy
Life expectancy is one of the most important demographic indicators. It shows the average number of years of the upcoming human life. That is, the number of years that theoretically can live a person, provided that current birth rates and mortality will remain unchanged throughout the human life. As a rule, under the "expected lifetime" understand the expected lifespan at birth, that is, aged 0 years.
The average life expectancy at birth (for both sexes) in Belarus is 71.2 years. This is higher than the average life expectancy in the world, which is at the level of about 71 years. The average life expectancy of men at birth is 65.6 years. The average life expectancy of women at birth is 77.2 years.
National population of Belarus
Belarusians make up more than 80% of the population. By virtue of the historical past, many other people live in Belarus, some of them are already several generations:
- russians (8.2%) have long lived in Belarus. Big influx is registered after World War II;
- poles (3.1%) lived in the western part of the country over the centuries;
- ukrainians (1.7%) - the greatest influx is registered in the XVIII- XIX centuries;
- jews (0.13%): The first Jews settled in Belarus in the XV century. Since the early 1980s, due to emigration to Israel and other countries, the Jewish population of Belarus has decreased and amounted to less than 30 thousand people.
Also in Belarus, Tatars, Tsygans, Lithuanians and Latvians live in Belarus.
Language features of the population
In Belarus B. more thanIn any other state of the post-Soviet space, the language assimilation and bilingualism of the population are expressed. Almost the entire population of Belarus freely understands two languages: Belarusian and Russian.
Language assimilation is expressed in the fact that groups of the population of one nationality, while in close socio-economic and cultural and domestic contact with another nationality, master the language and through the transitional stage of bilingualism, this new language is beginning to be considered. For Belarusians, as well as for all national minorities living in Belarus, is characteristic of the transition to Russian. It should be noted that usually this process proceeds quite slowly, a long period of time is needed. But in Belarus, there were factors that significantly accelerate this process: the proximity of Russian and Belarusian languages, the general economic, social and political space in the former Soviet Union, close labor, business, scientific contacts, etc.
All postwar times in the republic grew the proportion of those who called Russian called their native language. If in 1959 only 6.8% of Belarusians called the Russian native language, in 1970 - 9.8, in 1979 - 16, the population census of 1989 showed that this figure rose to 19.7%, that is, every fifth Belorus considered Russian with his native language. Now this trend continues to increase.
Literacy of the population
According to calculations in Belarus, about 8,129,480 people over 15 years old can read and write in any language. This is 99.73% of the total number of adults. Under adult population in this case Meaning all people over 15 years old. Accordingly, about 22,069 people are still illiterate.
Migration of the population
Immigration in Belarus
Increased migration ratio is part of the program demographic security countries. Immigration playing important role In modern demographic processes occurring on the territory of Belarus, since it is due to her a total decline country population It is smoothed even in conditions of continuing, albeit decreasing natural loss of the population.
According to official data, in 2012, 18,040 citizens of other states arrived in Belarus (in 2000 - 25,943), of which 13,455 people are from the CIS countries. Most people arrived from Russia (8560 people), Ukraine (2258), Kazakhstan (963) and Turkmenistan (800).
Emigration from Belorussia
According to Russian official and unofficial sources, about 500 thousand citizens of Belarus operate on the territory of the Russian Federation. But most of them almost always return home. Although the exact number of working in Russia is almost impossible to track, as they do not need any additional documents to work on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Also about 200 thousand citizens of Belarus operate in Poland and other European countries. Most of them are also returning home, as spending earned money is much more profitable at home.
A family
The census of 2009 showed that the population of the republic is characterized by the lowestity (as a rule, 1 child on the family): 65.9% of the total number of families with children had only one child, 28.3% - two and only 5.2% - three and more. The total fertility rate in the early 2010s is gradually growing, and in the village it is significantly higher than in cities: in 2012, it amounted to 1,629 births for a woman in the whole republic, for the urban population - 1,476 births, for rural - 2,664 births.
Religious composition
According to the study of the center Gallup, 27% of Belarusians recognized that religion plays an important role to their everyday life. According to this indicator, the Republic of Belarus is among the 11th religious countries of the world.
At the same time, the total number of believers can reach 50%. According to the results of the survey conducted in 1997, 49.4% of the population chose the option "Yes, I believe in God." According to individual estimates, the number of people attending cult buildings is 6%.
According to data for July 2010, provided by the Office of the Commissioner for Religious Affairs and the nationalities of the Republic of Belarus, 58.9% of the population consider themselves believers. Of these, 82.5% belong to the Russian Orthodox Church (Belarusian Exarchate), 12% counts themselves to the Roman Catholic Church, 4% of the population relates to Eastern religions (primarily to Islam, as well as to Hinduism (Krishnaism) and Bahai) , 2% of Protestant denominations (Pentecostals, Baptists, Seventh Day Adventists, Lutherans, Jehovah's Witnesses, etc.), as well as to Old Believers. According to the same data, about 18% of Orthodox and 50% of Catholics regularly attend worship. There are also Greco Catholics, in addition, there are groups of Orthodox, whose communities are not included in the Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church. According to the Catholic Church itself in Belarus, it includes about 1.4 million believers (about 15% of the country's population).
Traditions and customs of Belarusians
Ritals and traditions that are well preserved in the Belarusian land, characterize the people who live here. Careful and respectful attitude towards their ancestors, to its origins, forces modern Belarusians to adhere to certain rules. Belarusian culture occupies its own - a place among other Eastern European cultures. Here, despite the centuries of Christian domination, the ancient pagan rituals remained. Maslenitsa, bathing, strides, dogs - in each of these holidays, as in a thousand others, trace elements of ancient pagan beliefs. These beliefs were very organically in the Christian faith, and as a result, the unique and colorful Belarusian culture turned out.
The pride of the country is and perfectly preserved folklore - songs, dancing, games, fairy tales, legends, riddles, proverbs and sayings of the ancestors reached modernity, practically without changing. The same can be said about folk fishers: pottery, weaving from the vine and straw, weaving, embroidery, painting on glass and other activities are engaged in those art laws, which hundreds of years ago. Of course, now these classes acquire an exhibition, souvenir, but it only helps to preserve the wonderful samples of Belarusian folk arts.
Residents of Belarus are open and hospitable. Local hospitality is one of the best traditions of this country. In addition, people here care about their reputation. Communication can be described with such words as mutual politeness and respect for the elders.
Ethno-speaking composition of the population of Belarus
The modern ethno-speaking structure of the Belarusian population was formed as a result of a long historical Development, influenced by geographical, historical, socio-economic, political and ethnic factors.
Throughout the history of the existence of the Belarusian ethnos, Belarusians settled their ethnic territory with a compact array. Next to the indigenous nationality on the territory of Belarus, Russians, Ukrainians, Poles, Latvians, Lithuanians lived on the territory of Belarus, that is, representatives of those peoples who lived in the immediate neighborhood with Belarusians.
Rich information on the national population gives us a census. According to the last 1999 census, representatives of more than 130 nations and nationalities lived on the territory of Belarus. The most numerous of these are Belarusians, Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and Jews (Figure 1, Table 1). However, the absolute majority of the country's population are representatives of indigenous Belarusian nationality. Thus, in general, more than four fifth of the total population (81.2%) are Belarusians. This is characteristic of both cities and for countryside virtually all areas.
Belorus. In total, according to the 1999 census, 8158.9 thousand Belarusians lived on the territory of Belarus. This is 254.3 thousand people more than in the 1989 census. Basically, the increase in the number and share of Belarusians in the territory of the republic in the 1990s occurred due to their active reeemigration from other republics former USSR back to Belorussia. In 1989, 10036.3 thousand people of Belarusian nationality were numbered on the territory of the former Soviet Union, 7904.4 thousand people lived on the territory of Belarus (78.8%). The remaining 2131.7 thousand people (21.2%) of the Belarusian nationality lived outside the republic, mainly in Russia (12.0%), Ukraine (4.4%), Kazakhstan (1.8%), Latvia (1, 2%) and in all other republics, combined, - 1.8%. Currently, the share of Belarusians living in other CIS and Baltic countries has slightly decreased, since in the 90s, after the collapse of the USSR, there was a reeemigration of Belarusians to Belarus practically from all former republics.
Figure 1. Dynamics of changes in the number of major national groups of Belarus (according to the data census)
* Here and in the following figures, data over the years are shown in cash
The greatest balance of migration is marked from Russia, the Baltic countries, Kazakhstan, that is, from those republics in which the largest number of Belarusians lived. The maximum influx of the population in Belarus practically from all states of the former USSR was in 1992, in last years (1994-1999) The intensity of the affairs of the population fell sharply. The reeemigration of Belarusians is caused by a number of reasons. The main ones are the collapse of the USSR and the processes associated with it, as well as the exacerbation of competition in labor markets with the population of title nationalities, the emergence of national conflicts in a number of republics of the former USSR. In total, over the years after the 1989 census, over 15% of all Belarusians who lived outside the Republic of Belarus on the territory of the former USSR returned to the republic. Especially clearly visible the intensity of the reeemigration of Belarusians when comparing the number of arrivals of Migrants of Belarusian nationality from different states with the number of Belarusians who lived in these states in the 1989 census. So, in the 1990s, every third of the Belarusians, who lived there in 1989, left for Belarusians, who lived there in 1989, from Armenia - almost everything; From the Baltic countries, countries of Central Asia, more than 15% of Belarusians who lived at the 1989 census in these states have left Russia over the years.
Belarusians prevail in the overwhelming majority of the regions of the republic, only in the Lida and Shchuchinsky districts, their share is less than half of the population - 46 and 41%, respectively, and in Voronovsky - only 11%. The largest share of Belarusians was noted in Kopyl, Lelchitsky and Ivanovo districts - 95%, and in the Stolinsky district - 96%.
Russians. From individuals of non-native nationality in the republic most of the Russians; According to the 1999 census, their number amounted to 1141.7 thousand people, it is 200.4 thousand less than in the 1989 census. A decrease in this number is mainly due to the outflow of the Russian population after the collapse of the USSR, the withdrawal of troops from the territory of the republic (where their share was significant), as well as the processes of assimilation. The greatest percentage of Russians is primarily noted in the northern and eastern regions of Belarus, as well as in areas with increased shares of the urban population. Thus, the Russians range from 15% and more in areas such as Borisovsky, Kirovsky, Brest, Gomel, Grodno, Braslavsky, Vitebsk, Bobruisky, and the maximum value This indicator reaches 20% in Polotsk region. And in areas such as Voronovsky, Ivyevsky, Koreich, Gantsevichsky, Drogichesky, Ivanovsky, Lelchiki and Stolinsky, Russians are less than 4% of the total population.
Russian settlements on the territory of Belarus began to occur after the Russian war with the Rouch Respiracle (1654-1667). Then in the XVII-XVIII centuries, the Russian population groups were settled on the territory of Belarus - the Old Believers who were looking for refuge from religious persecution. They formed rural settlements in Vitebsk, Vilensk, Minsk, Mogilev provinces.
In the late XVIII and in the 19th centuries, Russian landowners, officials, workers, peasants who bought land in landowners and treasury were actively moved to the Belarusian lands.
During the Soviet Union, the number and share of Russians constantly increased - from 8% in 1959 to 13% in 1989. This increase was mainly due to the migration inflow from various regions of the RSFSR. The most intense this process proceeded in the post-war period, since to restore the destroyed factories, factories, administrative and residential premises required a significant amount of qualified labor resources. In addition, new industries were developed in the republic: chemical, refineries, radio electronic, automotive, tractor construction, precise instrument making, production of mineral fertilizers, engines, bearings, etc., which also required additional attraction qualified specialists. Therefore, most Russians settled in urban settlements.
Poles. The third largest national group of Belarus are Poles. In total in the republic, according to the 1999 census, 395.7 thousand people of Polish nationality lived. This is 22 thousand people less than in the 1989 census. The overwhelming majority of them are in bordering the Poland areas of the Grodno region. This is mainly the face of local origin, whose ancestors also lived here. The share of Poles in the total population in the territory of the republic is constantly decreasing, mainly due to the natural movement, assimilative processes and migration. The resettlement of Poles to the territory of Belarus took place during the existence of the Commonwealth. These resettles were more active in 1921-1939, when the Western regions of Belarus were under the rule of Poland.
Poles are distributed in the territory of Belarus with a compact array in the Western and Northwestern regions of the country, and mainly in rural areas. In Ivjevsky, Grodno, Braslavsky, Zelquinsky, Volkovysk, Lida regions, they constitute more than a quarter of the population (from 25 to 40%), in Schuchinsky - over half (51%), and in Voronovsky - an overwhelming majority - 83%. Such a significant predominance of persons non-important nationality is an exceptional phenomenon for Belarus. However, according to many researchers, a significant part of the persons ranking themselves to the Poles are actually "poured" Belarusians. The fact is that these territories have long been part of the Commonwealth, and later were under the rule of Poland, which, naturally, could not not affect the ethnic self-awareness of the Belarusians who were forced to take Catholicism and assimilate Polish.
Ukrainians. According to the 1999 census, 237 thousand Ukrainians live in Belarus. And the number compared with 1989 decreased by 5 thousand, although in previous years she constantly grew.
Ukrainians live both in rural areas adjacent to the border of Ukraine and in the cities of Belarus. Their settlements have long arose in the southern regions of Belarus, in the Polessk zone.
The data of the last census showed that the greatest percentage of individuals of this nationality lives mainly in the south-western and southeastern regions of Belarus. So, in the Zhabinkovsky, Kobrinsky, Brest, Braginsky, Kamenetsky and Malya, Ukrainians make up more than 5%. In central and overseas territories, Ukrainians make a minor part of the total population. In 27 regions of the republic, their share is less than 1%. Among them: Oshmyar, Ivjevsky, Voronovsky, Koreich, Mojadelsky, Kopyl, Sharkovishchinsky, Ushachsky and others.
Jews. In addition to representatives of these nationalities, the number of each of which exceeds 100 thousand people, representatives of the smaller national groups live in the republic. The most numerous of them is the Jews. Jews remain a fifth in the number of population of the National Group of Belarus, but the number of this nationality over the years after the 1989 census has decreased significantly (84.2 thousand people) and amounted to only 27.8 thousand people (0.3% of the total population). In 1989, she numbered 112 thousand people and accounted for 1.1% of the total population. According to the 1939 census, only 375.1 thousand Jews lived in Eastern Belarus, 6.7% of the total population. They constituted the second largest national population group. Reducing the number and share of people of Jewish nationality in the territory of the republic is caused by a number of reasons: increased migration after the elimination of the "sketchy" in the early years Soviet power, losses during the Great Patriotic War in 1941-1944, the distribution of mixed marriages, departure to big cities Russia and Ukraine. In the past 10 years, the number of this national group has declined significantly due to the intensive departure outside the CIS countries and the Baltic States. For 1989-1999, more than 130 thousand people received permission to travel beyond 130 thousand people in Belarus. Among them, a significant share was the face of Jewish nationality, especially this share was among those traveling in 1989-1995.
The first Jews in the Belarusian land appeared in the VIII century as a result of migration reassets from the Middle East. A little later, in the XI century, - and from the territory Western EuropeWhere they fled from religious persecution. The most significant scales of Jewish immigration reached in the XVI century, when not only representatives of major financial capital began to move on the territory of modern Belarus, but also the middle and poor layers of the Jewish population. Thus, "the total number of the Jewish population on the territory of the Grand Principality of Lithuanian in the 60s of the XVI century reached 20 thousand people, and by 1628 - about 40 thousand. According to the estimates of the famous Belarusian historian Z.Yu. Kopy, in the cities and towns of Belarus Jews ranged from 2 to 10% of the population. "
The overwhelming part of the Jews of Tsarist Rossi lived on the territory of modern Belarus, Poland and Ukraine, since these territories were included in the zone of the so-called "sketch". So, according to the 1897 census, in total Russian Empire There were 5189401 Jews, which amounted to about 4% of the total population, and in the Grodno province - 17.4%, Vilenskaya - 15.4, Vitebsk - 11.7, Minsk - 16.0, Mogilev - 12.1%.
A significant part of the Jewish population lived in such settlements such as Vitebsk, Brest, Grodno, Minsk, Pinsk, Slutsk, Mogilev, Gomel, and others.
As the 1999 census showed, the persons of the Jewish nationality are resettled through the territory dispersed, that is, without forming a compact array of residence. In 60 districts of the republic (that is, almost exactly half a half) their share is less than one tenth percent of the number of the population. This indicator reaches the greatest value in Orsha (0.4%), Mogilev (0.4%), Mozyr (0.4%), Bobruisk (0.6%), Gomel (0.7%), Vitebsk (0.7% ) Areas and in Minsk (0.6%).
Table 1. National population of Belarus
(population census data)
|
Nationality |
Number, thousands of people |
1999 in% by 1989 |
||||
|
All population |
||||||
|
Belorus |
||||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||||
|
Azerbaijanis |
||||||
|
Moldovans |
||||||
|
Others and not referring |
||||||
|
Share in the total population, in percent |
||||||
|
All population |
||||||
|
Belorus |
||||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||||
|
Azerbaijanis |
||||||
|
Moldovans |
||||||
|
Others and not referring |
||||||
Other nationalities. Representatives of the smaller national groups of the population living in Belarus, but more than 10 thousand people each include Armenians and Tatars. The number of Armenians living in the republic is rapidly increasing. Compared with the 1959 census data, it increased more than five times and amounted to 10.2 thousand people at the 1999 Census Date. The number of Armenians in the last decade has grown especially actively, two times. Tatars live in the republic already several generations. Their number, according to the 1999 census, was 10.1 thousand people against 12.6 thousand according to the 1989 census and 8.7 thousand according to the 1959 census. In addition to these nationalities, Tsygans, Lithuanians, Azerbaijanis, Germans, Moldovans, Georgians, Latvians live on the territory of Belarus. The rest of the peoples living at the 1999 Census Date on the territory of Belarus are small (less than one thousand).
Language features of the population
Language assimilation. In Belarus, to a greater extent than in any other state of the post-Soviet space, the language assimilation and bilingualism of the population are expressed. Almost all of the Belarusian population freely understands two related languages, Belarusian and Russian.
Language assimilation is expressed in the fact that groups of the population of one nationality, while in close socio-economic and cultural and domestic contact with another nationality, master the language and through the transitional stage of bilingualism, this new language is beginning to be considered. For Belarusians, as well as for all national minorities living in Belarus, is characteristic of the transition to Russian. It should be noted that usually this process proceeds quite slowly, a long period of time is needed. But in Belarus, there were factors that significantly accelerate this process: the proximity of Russian and Belarusian languages, the general economic, social and political space in the former Soviet Union, close labor, business, scientific contacts, etc.
All postwar times in the republic grew the proportion of those who called Russian called their native language. If in 1959 only 6.8% of Belarusians called the Russian native language, in 1970 - 9.8, in 1979 - 16, the population census of 1989 showed that this figure rose to 19.7%, that is, every fifth Belorus considered Russian with his native language. The same trend was characteristic of other national groups. However, since the beginning of the 1990s, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, with the growth of national self-consciousness, as well as an increase in the role of the Belarusian language in public life, the situation has changed.
In 1990, the Law on Language was adopted in Belarus. In accordance with this law, the Belarusian language received the status of state, which was reflected in the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus of 1994. This was the process of enhancing the use and study of the Belarusian language in the republic, which should have a positive impact on the growth of people fluent in Belarusian language.
On May 14, 1995, a national referendum was held. It took part 64.8% of the country's citizens. For the introduction of the Russian language, 83.3% of the population accepted participation in the referendum, and, thus, the Russian language was granted equal status with the Belarusian tongue.
In the 1999 census, the question of the prevalence of languages \u200b\u200bamong the population was studied in the complex, that is, the population was asked to indicate not only his native language, but also the language on which the respondent is talking to the house, and another language that owns fluently.
Native language. According to the 1999 census, among the entire population of the country, 81.9% of the inhabitants called their own language and 18.1% indicated the languages \u200b\u200bof other nations (Table 2). In 1989, this indicator was 78 and 22%, respectively. Belarusian language, the language of the indigenous nationality of the Republic of Belarus, according to the 1999 census, called the native 73.7% of the total population of the country. It is much larger than 10 years ago. According to the 1989 census, only 65.6% of the total population were considered to be native.
The Russian language was called the native of 21.9% of the country's population, according to the 1989 census, the Russian was considered by the native of 31.9% of the population.
Table 2. Distribution of the population by nationality and native language, 1999
|
Number, thousands of people |
From the total number in% |
As a native language indicated |
|||
|
consider native language of their nationality |
belorussian |
russian |
others |
||
|
All population |
|||||
|
Belorus |
|||||
|
Ukrainians |
|||||
According to the 1999 census, 14.3% of Belarusians consider Russian. This is less than 20 years ago. It is largely due to the growth of national self-consciousness, as well as the fact that the Belarusian population census of 1999 provided the opportunity to distinguish between the concepts of "native language" and "language on which a person speaks at home."
It should be noted that the population census showed an increase in the Belarusian and reducing the share of Russian as a "native" not only among Belarusians, but also among the other four largest national groups living in the republic.
Figure 2. Language assimilation in the Republic of Belarus
(according to the 1999 census)
Thus, the Ukrainians have the proportion of persons who called the Belarusian language to the population, rose from 5.9% in 1989 to 14.3% in 1999, from Poles - from 63.9 to 67.1%. Such a significant percentage of the Belarusian poles considering the Belarusian native language is related to the fact that most of them live in rural areas, together with Belarusians, besides, often people relating to Polish nationality are actually indigenous Belarusians who have accepted the Catholic faith that In most cases, it was estimated as a transition to Polish nationality. Even the Russians, this indicator (the proportion of persons who consider the Belarusian native language) increased from 2.2 to 9.1%. But he rose the most sharply from the Jews - from 2.1 to 17.1%, that is, eight times.
At the same time, despite some reduction in Russian-speaking assimilation, the proportion of persons who consider the Russian language with their native language remains significant. Last census The population showed that Russian language was called 90.7% of Russians, 77% of Jews, 42.8% of Ukrainians, 16.2% of Poles and 14.3% of Belarusians.
The second side of the language assimilation lies in the fact that national groups do not simply go to another language, and at the same time "forget" their own. This feature is most characteristic of Poles, and especially for the Jews. If in 1959, 48.6% of Polyakov recognized Polish with their native language, then in 1999 - only 16.5%. In the Jews, this figure is even smaller, he sank from 21.9% in 1959 to 5.4% in 1999. Russian and Belarusians are subject to this process. So, in 1959, almost 100% of Russians recognized their native language, in 1999 this figure amounted to 90.7%. In Belarusians this indicator was 93.2 and 85.6%, respectively. A distinctive feature of Ukrainians living in Belarus is that since 1959 and to 1999 a pretty permanent proportion of individuals of this nationality, approximately 40-50%, called the Ukrainian language.
The language spoken at home. For the population of Belarus, a high proportion of the population is characterized, which speaks at home not in the language of its nationality, but in Russian. According to the 1999 census, only 45% of the population was talked in the language of their nationality. In Belarusian language, 3,683 thousand people are usually spoken, or 36.7% of the population of the republic (see Table 3).
Table 3. Distribution of the population by nationality and language on which at home is spoken, 1999
|
Number, thousands of people |
From the total number indicated the language on which at home is usually spoken in% |
|||
|
belorussian |
russian |
others |
||
|
All population |
||||
|
Belorus |
||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||
Of these, 3373 thousand people (92%) make up Belarusians. However, among all Belarusians their share is less than half, only 41.3%, while from among the Poles more than half (57.6%) at home are spoken in Belarusian.
Russian language as a language, usually used by the house, was called 6308 thousand people, or 62.8% of the total population of the republic. Of these, 4783 thousand people are Belarusians. Among the Belarusians their share amounted to 58.6%.
In cities, the share of talking homes in Russian is significantly higher than in rural areas (see Table 4).
Table 4. Distribution of urban and rural population by nationality and language on which at home is spoken
(1999, in percent)
|
Nationality |
Rural population |
|||
|
belorussian |
russian |
belorussian |
russian |
|
|
All population |
||||
|
Belorus |
||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||
As can be seen from the data of Table 4, for all major nationalities living in the cities of Belarus, the main spoken language is Russian.
This is due to the fact that the population in the cities is more motley on ethnic composition than in rural areas, interethnic marriages are more common here, much higher education levels, which is somewhat affected by the strengthening of the role of Russian language - the language of interethnic communication.
Figure 3. The proportion of individuals of this nationality, named their native language of their nationality
Socio-economic differences. The 1999 Census also identified significant differences in urbanization, education, unemployment, economic activity, classes and other economic characteristics among various national groups.
The census reflects the following differentiation of the share of persons living in cities among the largest national groups living in the Republic of Belarus: Belarusians - 5498 thousand people, which is 67.4% of all individuals of this nationality; Russians - 972.7 thousand people (85.2%), Poles - 215.1 thousand (54.4%), Ukrainians - 184.8 thousand (78%), Jews - 27.2 thousand (97.8%) , other nationalities - 637 thousand people (75.9%) (Table 5)
Table 5. The ratio of persons living in cities and rural areas in five national groups of the Republic of Belarus
(according to the census of the population 1999)
|
Nationality |
All population |
Urban population |
Rural population |
|||
|
All population |
||||||
|
Belorus |
||||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||||
Compared to the entire urban population of the republic, the share of Belarusians and Poles is somewhat less, and Russian, Ukrainians, and especially Jews, more.
Ethno-speaking differences between the urban and rural population are the result of the historical features of the formation of the national composition of Belarus. So, according to the census of 1897, in Minsk more than half of the inhabitants were the Jews - 51.2%, Russians were in the second place - 25.5, on the third - Poles - 11.4, and Belarusians - only in fourth place, Making up only 9% of the total number of residents. Approximately the same national composition was both other cities. Thus, 34440 Jews lived in Vitebsk, or 52% of the total population of the city, in Brest - 30260 (65%), in Grodno - 22684 (48%), Pinsk - 21065 (74%), Slutsk 10264 (77%), Mogilev - 21547 (50%), Gomel - 20385 (55%).
The rural population was presented mainly by indigenous people - Belarusians, as well as Poles.
The increased percentage of the Jewish population in cities and towns is explained by the oppression policy held by the Tsarist authorities. For 3, on May 3, 1882, "temporary rules" were published, according to which the Jews were forbidden to settle in rural areas, rent land and acquire immovable property outside the cities, engage in agriculture and cattle breeding.
The level of education. Significant differences are noted between representatives of different nationalities and the level of education. The census showed that 1000 people relevant nationality, for example, higher education have 120 Belarusians, 261 Russian, 89 Poles, 221 Ukrainian and 405 Jews (see Table 6).
Table 6. The level of education of individual nationalities of the Republic of Belarus (for 1000 people relevant nationality, education, according to the 1999 census), have
|
Nationality |
Higher average and basic |
including |
Initial |
|
|
higher |
average and basic |
|||
|
Belorus |
||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||
Age composition. Various national population groups are quite significantly different in age (Figure 4). Ukrainians, Russians and Belarusians (66%, 63 and 56%, respectively), the smallest - Jews are 46%, have the greatest share of the working-age population.
In turn, almost half of the Jews living in Belarus - the persons of the retirement age, while Belarusians and Russians, the proportion of pensioners is only the fifth of their total number.
It should also be paid to the process of pedestal of the population, a special concern causes a decrease in the specific share of children and young people in the overall structure of the population, which limits the possibility of replenishing labor resources, since retirement is not fully compensated for young people entering into the working age.
Figure 4. The structure of the population of individual nationalities of the Republic of Belarus economic groups
(according to the 1999 census)
The low proportion of children is characteristic of almost all the most numerous national groups living in Belarus. Thus, the age group under 10 years old among Russians, Poles and Ukrainians is 7.5%, 9.6 and 4.6%, respectively, and the Jews are only 2.6%. Only in Belarusians this age group exceeds 10% (Figure 5, Table 7).
Figure 5. The structure of the population of individual nationalities of the Republic of Belarus by age (according to the 1999 census)
Table 7. Structure of the population of individual nationalities of the Republic of Belarus by age (according to the 1999 census data; in percent)
|
nationality |
Total |
including age, years |
||||||||
|
70 and older |
||||||||||
|
Belorus |
||||||||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||||||||
Scope of employment. Population census has also shown that there are certain interethnic differences in the areas of labor application (see Table 8). They are associated not only with the specifics of the historical development of peoples, but also with their some social features (primarily with the level of education and urbanization). These phenomena, mainly, began to attract the attention of sociologists, demographers, the public in lately. The main reason for improving the attention to this problem is the current situation in the distribution of labor resources.
Table 8. The occupied population of individual nationalities of the Republic of Belarus in classes (in% of the total number of employed population relevant nationality; according to the 1999 census data)
|
Total |
Belorus |
Russians |
poles |
Ukrainians |
Jews |
|
|
All population |
||||||
|
of them: |
||||||
|
leaders (representatives) of authorities and management of all levels, including managers of institutions, organizations and enterprises and their structural units |
||||||
|
specialists of the highest level of qualification |
||||||
|
secondary qualifications |
||||||
|
employees engaged in preparing information registration of documentation, taking into account and maintenance |
||||||
|
workers of the service sector, housing and communal services, trade and related activities |
||||||
|
qualified workers of rural, forest, hunting, fish farming and fisheries |
||||||
|
qualified workers of large and small industrial enterprises, art crafts, construction, transport, communications, geology and exploration |
||||||
|
operators, Hardware, Machiners of installations and machines, Products |
||||||
|
unqualified workers |
||||||
So, among the leaders (representatives) of the authorities and the management of all levels, including managers of institutions, organizations and enterprises and their structural units (as a percentage of the total number of employed population of relevant nationality), Belarusians are 9.9%, Poles - 8.5, Ukrainians - 13.0, Russians - 13.6, and Jews - 24.3%. Approximately the same picture and specialists from highly qualified specialists, that is, a higher percentage of Jews, Russian and Ukrainians - 35.3, 23.3, 18.3%, respectively, and lower Belarusians - 14.6%, as well as Poles - 13.0%. At the same time, the structure of employment of Belarusians and Poles is different high percent qualified workers employed in rural, forest, hunting, fish farming and fisheries, - 5.3 and 7.0%, respectively. Russian, Ukrainians and Jews this figure is 2.8%, 5.2 and 0.2%.
Thus, a higher level of education and urbanization (as is known, it is in the cities that the main administrative and economic, industrial, cultural, scientific and other functions are concentrated in a large extent that in the structure of employment of Ukrainians, Russians, and especially Jews, most The proportion of leaders and specialists of the highest level of qualifications.
In turn, a significant part of Belarusians and Poles live in rural areas, which determines the increased share of their participation in rural and forestry.
Unemployment. Recently, attention has significantly increased to such an indicator as the unemployment rate, which largely determines the state of the labor market and shows the state of the country's economy as a whole. According to the census, the unemployment rate in the republic in 1999 amounted to 6.2% of the entire number of economically active population (6.8% in urban settlements and 4.6% in rural areas).
This indicator also varies noticeably on national groups (see Table 9).
Table 9. Population of individual nationalities in the level of unemployment; According to the 1999 census (the proportion of the unemployed in the number of economically active population of relevant nationality; in percent)
|
Nationality |
All population |
Urban population |
Rural population |
|
In Belarus in general |
|||
|
Belorus |
|||
|
Ukrainians |
|||
The greatest level of unemployment among the Russians - 7.6% and Ukrainians - 6.4%; In Belarusians and Poles, it is 6.0 and 5.6%, respectively. The smallest level of unemployment in the Jews is only 4.8%. If you compare this indicator with the level of urbanization in the context of national groups, then you can see the following pattern: the higher the level of urbanization, the higher the unemployment rate.
The exception is only Jews, which, with the maximum, among the five largest national levels of urbanization, the minimum level of unemployment. To a large extent, this is the result of the increased migration activity of this ethnos: dissatisfied with their social, material and other position, they are leaving first.
1 - Kasperevich G.I. Migration of the population in cities and ethnic processes. Minsk. Science and Technology, 1985
2 - Ioffe E.G. Pages of history of Jews of Belarus. Minsk, 1996.
The population continues to decline in Belarus. For the first quarter of this year, the number of residents living in our country decreased by 9,912 people, Belstat reports. That is, natural decline (excess of birth mortality) could not block migration. The population has decreased in January-March in all regions, with the exception of the Minsk region (growth due to migration). Less was to live in people even in Minsk. And if you look at demographic situation In the context of the districts, the number of born exceeded the number of dead only in Minsk and Narovlyansky. The mortality rate exceeded the fertility in the Orsha, Borisov and Polotsky districts.
The snapshot is illustrative. Photo: Olga Shucailo, Tut.by
Migration growth as a whole in the country in the first quarter of this year amounted to 795 people, natural decline - 10,707 people. In January-March, 21,519 children were born in Belarus. This is 2 016, or 8.6%, less than in the same period of 2018. The number of dead was 32,226 people - 76 people less than a year earlier.
In plus in terms of population in the first quarter, it was possible to get out only the Minsk region. However, the "purchase" turned out to be insignificant - 69 people. The increase in the number was ensured in the area due to the migration of the population. At the same time, natural decline (excess of the number of those who died over the number of born) in January-March in the region amounted to 1827 people, and the migration increase - 1896.
In some regional centers in the first quarter, the population growth has been celebrated. For example, in Brest - by 122 people, in Grodno - by 109. But in Mogilev minus - 178 people, in Gomel - 329, in Vitebsk - 227.
But in Minsk for the first quarter, the population has decreased by 1,45 people. Natural decline in the capital (excess of the number of those who died over the number of born) in January-March amounted to 689 people, and a migration loss - 456 people. That is, in Minsk not only the mortality rate exceeds the fertility, but also to leave the capital became more likely than to come to a permanent place of residence.
Recall that in Minsk on January 1 of this year 1 million 992.8 thousand people. This is 10.4 thousand more than a year ago. This is a record indicator. So, at the beginning of 2018, there was 1 million 982.4 thousand people in the capital, at the beginning of 2017 - 1 million 974.8 thousand inhabitants, and at the beginning of 2016 - 1 million 959.8 thousand.
| The population of Belarus on April 1, 2019 | |||
| Region | number of April 1, 2019 | number of January 1, 2019 | how has the number of January-March 2019 (numbers are rounded) |
| Brest | 1 million 379.4 thousand | 1 million 380.3 thousand | -1 thousand |
| Vitebskaya | 1 million 168.8 thousand | 1 million 171.6 thousand | -2.7 thousand |
| Gomelian | 1 million 408.2 thousand | 1 million 409.9 thousand | -1.7 thousand |
| Grodno | 1 million 37.8 thousand | 1 million 39.3 thousand | -1 442 |
| Minsk | 1 million 991.6 thousand | 1 million 992.7 thousand | -1145 |
| Minsk | 1 million 428.6 thousand | 1 million 428.5 thousand | +69 |
| Mogilevskaya | 1 million 50.9 thousand | 1 million 52.9 thousand | -1967 |
| around the country | 9 million 465.3 thousand | 9 million 475.2. | -9912 |
If you look at the demographic situation in areas, the number of born exceeded the number of dead in the first quarter only in Minsk (+146 people) and Narovlyansky (+19). In the rest of the regions during this period, a person died more than was born. The mortality rate exceeded the birth rate in the Orsha district (by 317 people), Borisovsky (at 268), Polotsk (at 231), Rechitsky (210), Lidsky (171), Molodechno (167). In this statistics, the districts are not taken into account migration growth, and according to regions and Minsk - is taken into account.
Recall, at the beginning of this year in Belarus, according to refined data (previously published preliminary), 9 million 475.2 thousand people were published. This is 16.6 thousand people less than a year earlier. For comparison: in 2017, the population decreased by 12.9 thousand, and for the 2016th - increased by 6.3 thousand people.
Per last year The number of Belarusians rose only in Minsk and the Minsk region, in the rest of the regions - declined.
For comparison: at the beginning of 2001, the population of Belarus amounted to 9 million 957 thousand people. Then the number of Belarusians was reduced until 2013. For the 2013 population grew by 4 thousand people and amounted to 9 million 468 thousand people at the beginning of 2014.
After that, for three years - from 2015 to 2017 - the increase in the number of Belarusians continued. At the beginning of 2017, 9 million 505 thousand people lived in Belarus, and at the beginning of 2018 - 9 million 491.9 thousand (of which 7.4 million in cities).
According to the forecasts of demographers, the population of Belarus will decrease further. As earlier in the labor of the Labor, the Ministry of Labor, without taking into account the migration processes, the population of Belarus in 2030 may amount to 8 million 964 thousand 600 people.
According to the calculations of specialists, in accordance with the average option, the population will decrease to 9 million 458 thousand 700, the Lower to 9 million 83 thousand 500 people. At the same time, according to the high option, the number will increase to 9 million 543 thousand 600 people.
In Belarus in 2050, the population will be 8 million 571 thousand people. It is 897 thousand less compared to 2017. Such data contains the UN "Prospects for World Population", which is posted on the organization's website.
9,499,804 people live in Belarus, but not everyone is Belarusian.
Belarus includes all who constantly live in the country.
- Population - 9 499 804;
- The number of male population (48.5%) - 4,977,872;
- The number of female population (51.5%) - 5,295,665;
- Population growth in this year - 160;
According to the forecasts of sociologists this year, the population will increase to 9,500,404 people.
True, the natural increase will retain a negative position. Its indicators will be 23,369 people. It is assumed that about 134,610 people will die.
Total number of babies born in 2017
Belarus · population
will be about 111,241 people. The number of immigrants (who came to the country for a long stay) will exceed the number of emigrants (those who leave the country).
National composition of Belarus
More than 80% of Belarus's population are indigenous Belarusians. After World War II, a large influx of Russians was registered in the country.
The number of Russians in Belarus is 8.2%. The Poles turned out to be in our third place - in our country they live 3.1%. On the fourth - Ukrainians - 1.7%. On the fifth - Jews - 0.13%. The country also lives by Tatars, Gypsies, Lithuanians and Latvians.
Religious composition
About 60% of the population of Belarus refers to believers.
Of these, 82.5% - Orthodox, 12% - Catholics, 4% - confessional Eastern religions (Islam, Hinduism and Bahai), 2% - Protestants. Also on the territory of Belarus, the Old Believers still live.
Life expectancy
The last demographic indicators established the average life expectancy of Belarus in 71.2 years. If we speak separately about women and men, then the weak half of the statistics lives more strong sex representatives.
So the Belarusian woman on average lives 77.2 years, and a man is 65.6 years old.
Language features of the population
In Belarus, two state languages: Belarusian and Russian. Most of the population talks in Russian. According to sociological surveys, the population is gradually increasing, which considers native language - Russian.
So in 1959, the number of such people was 6.8%, and after thirty years in 1989 - 19.7%.
Literacy of the population
In Belarus, almost 100% literacy of the population over 10 years has been provided. Higher education has about 18% of citizens, special special - 26%.
Migration of the population
According to 2012
18,040 migrants arrived in Belarus. Among them are Russians - 8560 people, Ukrainians - 2258, Cossacks - 963, Turks - 800. The citizens of Belarus prefer to emigrate to work in Russia - emigrated more than 500 thousand.
man, Poland is about 200 thousand people, as well as to other EU countries.
A family
In most Belarusian families, they raise one child - 65.9%.
Two children have 28.3% of families, three and more - just 5.2%.
All about Belarusian residents: the number, national composition, life expectancy
Names of residents of Belarus
The country of Belarus has a full official name of the Republic of Belarus and alphabetic codes by BLR. It is also often used by another name of the country - Belarus. Official names of citizens of Belarus:
Residents of the male genus of the area of \u200b\u200bPolesia are called: Half (Pisulshchuk). There is no name for the female kind of name, so they say: a resident of Polesia.
Decay by case
Declination of the name of the country and the names of residents by cases.
Cities of Belarus
A list of large and famous cities of Belarus in alphabetical order indicating the names of citizens.
If the city does not have the name of the inhabitants of the female genus, use the turnover of the species "resident of the city ...".
| Baranovichi | baranovicanin | baranovichanka | baranovaic |
| Bobruisk | bobruychanin | bobruychanka | bobruychan |
| Borisov. | borisovchanin | borisovska | borisovskaya |
| Brest | brestchanin | brestchan | brestchan |
| Vitebsk | viteblain | viteblyanka | viteblyan |
| Gomel | gomelchanin | gomelchanka | gomelchan |
| Grodno | grodniec | grodno | grodnians |
| Zhlobin | zhlobinchanin | zhlobinchanka | zhlobinchan |
| Lida | lidyanin | lidyanka | lidyan |
| Minsk | minchanin | minskanka | minskhane |
| Mogilyov | mogilevchanin | mogilevchanka | mogilevchan |
| Pinsk | pinchanin | pinchanka | pinchan |
| Polotsk | polovchanin | polovchaka | polovchane |
| Slutsk | sound | chance | chance |
The Republic of Belarus is a state with a sharp predominance of one nation, but if there are more or less significant national minorities by the state. According to the 2009 census, representatives of about 130 nationalities live here. The Belarusians include 7,957,252 people - this is 83.7% of the population. The share of other nationalities living in Belarus is 16.3%, respectively. The most numerous of these are Russians 8.3%, Poles 3.1%, Ukrainians 1.7%. Jews, Armenians, Tatars, Gypsies, Azerbaijanis and Lithuanians make up 0.1% of the total population (Table 2.1).
Table 2.1. National composition of the population of the Republic of Belarus, 2009
|
Total, man |
Including |
Urban population, % |
Rural population, % |
To the total number population,% |
||
|
All population |
||||||
|
Belorus |
||||||
|
Ukrainians |
||||||
|
Azerbaijanis |
||||||
Belarus is not an exception among the majority of European states, age structure There is an obvious predominance of women in almost all nationalities. Only among Armenians and Azerbaijanis are significantly dominated by men, this is due to their increase due to labor immigration.
Belarus marks a high level of urbanization, it is 74%. 73% of Belarusians live in cities, also the dominance of urban population is observed among all major nationalities of the republic.
It should be noted that, despite the fact that the total population of Belarus from 1994 is constantly decreasing, the absolute number of persons of Belarusian nationality increased by 5.7% (Table 2.2). However, then, in the first decade of the XXI century, their number decreased by 3.2%.
In general, for the period from 1989 to 2009. The population of Belarusian nationality increased, although only 0.7% (52.7 thousand people). The share of Belarusians in the whole population increased constantly: from 77.9% in 1989 to 81.2% in 1999 and up to 83.7% in 2009 this happened due to the active repatriation of Belarusians from other republics of the former USSR back to Belarus.
Table 2.2. Changes in the national composition of the population for the period 1989-2009.
Currently, the share of Belarusians living in other CIS and Baltic countries has slightly decreased, since in the 1990s, after the collapse of the USSR, the repatriation of Belarusians to Belarus was observed from almost all former republics. The greatest balance of migration is marked from Russia, the Baltic countries, Kazakhstan, i.e. Of those republics in which the largest number of Belarusians lived. The maximum influx of the population in Belarus from almost all states of the former USSR was in 1992, in the following years the intensity of the inflow of the population fell sharply.
The reeemigration of Belarusians is caused by a number of reasons. The main ones are the collapse of the USSR and the processes associated with it, as well as the exacerbation of competition in labor markets with the population of title nationalities, the emergence of national conflicts in a number of republics of the former USSR. In total, over the years after the 1989 census, more than 15% of all Belarusians who lived outside the Republic of Belarus on the territory of the former USSR returned to the republic.
Fig. 2.1. Dynamics of the number of major nationalities in the Republic of Belarus (1989 - 2009)
As noted above, among individuals of non-indexed nationality in the republic, the most Russians. In 1999, their number was more than in 2009 and amounted to 1141.7 thousand people, and in 1989 - 1342.1 thousand people. (Fig. 2.1). That is, their number since 1989 was constantly decreased. In 2009, Belarus treated themselves to Russian nationality by 200.4 thousand less than in the 1989 census it should be noted that the number and share of the Russian population in Belarus and Belarusians in Russia in the 60s, 70s and The 80s grew quite quickly. It was associated with the active exchange of qualified personnel between the republics in post-war years In order to accelerate the development of the productive forces and the development of new industries, new territories. Russians in Belarus basically live in cities and in the eastern border rural areas of the republic. Reducing the number of Russians in the 90s is mainly due to the migration outflow of the Russian population due to the collapse of the USSR, as well as in the fact that part of the population, especially those born in mixed marriages, at the census more actively attributed themselves to indigenous Belarusian nationality.
The third largest national group in Belarus are Poles. The number of people relating to Polish nationality in the republic is constantly decreasing. According to the 1999 census, 395.7 thousand people of Polish nationality lived in the country, and in 1989, 417.7 thousand people. Accordingly, the share of the Poles from the total population is reduced. According to the 1989 census, their share was 4.1%, and according to the 2009 census - 3.1%. It happened mainly by moving them to relatives to Poland.
The number of Ukrainians compared with 1989 decreased by 132.3 thousand, although in previous years she constantly grew. The share of Ukrainians in the population of Belarus has decreased from 2.9% to 1.7%. Ukrainians live both in rural areas, in areas adjacent to the border and in the cities of Belarus.
In addition to representatives of these nationalities, the number of each of which exceeds 100 thousand people. and accounts for more than 1% in the total population, Belarus lives by representatives of the smaller national groups. The most numerous of them is the Jews. Jews remain the fifth in the number of population of the National Group of Belarus, but the number of it over the years after the 1989 census is significantly reduced (by 99.1 thousand people) and amounted to only 12.9 thousand people (0.1% of the total population). In 1989, she had 112.0 thousand people and accounted for 1.1% of the total population. According to the census of the population of 1939, 375.1 thousand Jews lived in Eastern Belarus, 6.7% of the total population. They constituted the second largest national group. Reducing the number and share of people of Jewish nationality in the territory of the republic is caused by a number of reasons: increased migration after the elimination of a "sketchy" in the first years of Soviet power, loss during the Great Patriotic War in 1941-1945, the spread of mixed marriages, departure to the major cities of Russia and Ukraine. In the 90s. The number of this national group has declined significantly due to the intensive departure outside the CIS countries and the Baltic States. For 1989-1999. In Belarus, more than 130 thousand people received a resolution outside of the CIS countries and the Baltic States. Among them, a significant share was the individuals of Jewish nationality, especially this share was among those traveling in 1989-1995. In recent years, a natural decline in the population has had a significant impact on the decline in this national group, since young people have left the republic, and they remained mainly the face of the older generations. Already according to the 1999 census, more than half of all people of Jewish nationality living in Belarus were in retirement age.
Representatives of the smaller national groups of the population living in Belarus, but with more than 5 thousand people, each include Armenians and Tatars, Roma, Azerbaijanis and Lithuanians.
The number of Armenians living in the republic, in the second half of the twentieth century rapidly increased. Compared to the 1959 census data at the 1999 Census Date, it increased in about five times and amounted to 10.2 thousand people. Especially actively grew the number of Armenians in the 1990s. In the last decade, the number and share of Armenians in Belarus slightly decreased.
Tatars live in the republic already several generations. Their number is constantly decreasing. According to the 2009 census, it accounted for 7.3 thousand people, against 10.1 thousand people. In 1999 and 12.6 thousand in 1989
Also traditionally in the country live Gypsies. Lithuanians live mainly on the border with Lithuania. In the 1990s, the number of Azerbaijanis increased significantly, but after the 1999 census. It decreased again. Part of the Azerbaijanis returned back to Azerbaijan.
In addition to people of these nationalities in Belarus, Germans, Moldovans, Georgians, Latvians, Chuvashi, Mordva, Uzbeks, and Kazakhs live in Belarus.
The rest of the peoples living at the date of the 2000 census in Belarus are small (less than 1 thousand).
