In Moscow, there are "pyramids" - famous high-altitude buildings, prominent from afar. Them, like Egyptian structures, surround myths
On September 7, 1947, Moscow celebrated the 800th anniversary. The triumph was ambitious; His center was the Dynamo Stadium. In honor of the anniversary, the capital was awarded the Order of Lenin, and the Moscow-Volga canal was renamed into the Moscow channel. And even for this day, the bookmark of eight so-called Moscow pyramids was timed.
Catch up and run
The leader of all times and peoples wanted the capital of the state, just that the winning fascism, looked in the eyes of foreigners no worse than any other capital of a global scale. It was conceived to build eight high-rise buildings (one for each century, the city lived) - the buildings of monumental, stunning imagination.
Money for construction decided not to occupy from richer countries, but to take the people. After the war, after the war, I lived, frankly, not a very well-fed life - but bonds still bought: someone sincerely wanted the capital to be the painful of all cities in the world, someone was afraid to refuse: the times were terrible.
The construction of height began only in 1949: the first projects Stalin I did not approve, and everyone had to redo. According to the initial design, the houses were to remind American skyscrapers-pencils, and Stalin wanted to certainly be a pyramidal form; Perhaps the leader did not give rest of the Lavra of the Egyptian pharaohs, desisted by the construction of the pyramids.
As a result, "Pyramids" was built seven. The eighth, the so-called "Babylonian Tower" was supposed to be built in the charge and in the end the old Kremlin itself - but Stalin died, Beria They were arrested, and the project was frozen.
Comrade Stalin, you are a big artist
The first was built a height of Smolensk Square - the one in which the Russian Foreign Ministry is now located. The tures with the spire at her veryer was originally not - however, Stalin seemed that the height was too reminded by the Skyscrapers of New York, and he himself painted an addition to the project on the drawing, which did not dare not accept.
A similar story was and with a height of Kudrinskaya Square (from 1925 to 1992. - the area of \u200b\u200bthe uprising): True, Stalin's drawings did not rejoice - just said that a house of some kind of kuts. Soon the building got a spire with a star. Among celebrities that have received apartments in this house, - Actor Evgeny Vesinger, chess player Vasily meaning, pilot Mikhail Gromov. And there they shot the scenes of the film "Moscow I do not believe in tears" - according to the plan of the director, it is here that the chic apartment is located here, in which two girls from the working dormitory gave themselves to the professors.
Under the house built bomb shelter, which for many years was maintained in full readiness. However, now it is closed.
Legends walked that from the basement of the house you can get along the underground go to the White House. According to the head of the Santekh Service, in August 1991, armed people came to him, who he had long argued that there was no underpass.
Apartment for Ranenevskaya
Place for high rise on Kotelnichesky embankment Chose personally Lavrenty Beria. The architect was categorically opposed - the soil is unreliable for a deep foundation, but Beria knew how to insisted on his. It was said that the reason for his stubbornness was the underground moves from this place: one in the Kremlin, another to the Novospassian monastery, the third to the building of the Commissariat, on the other side of the Moscow River.
If you judge by residents, this house turned out to be the most elite. Here at different times the director lived Ivan Pyriev With wife Marina Ladianina, ballerina Galina Ulanova, Actress Clara Leekko, poet Alexander Tvardovsky And geniine Faina Ranevskaya. The latter got here ... With the help of the KGB. More precisely, so: when recruiters came to her, Faina Georgievna said: I, firstly, I live in the communal, and secondly, I speak in a dream. After a month later, the actress provided an apartment in a height. True, the recruiters still remained with anything: Ranevskaya taught the neighbors to write to her complaint. Like, the actress settled in the house, which in a dream he repels something about intelligence ...
Pisanian height and panicade
The building at the Red Gate was built simultaneously with the lobby of the metro station of the same name; The soil was frozen in the new technology. Calculations showed that when the soil, finding out, wakes up, the building will be tamed, so during construction it was deliberately increasing in the other side. Vigilant citizens even wrote on the builders of the denunciation - they say, pests are building a curve building so that it falls.
The building of the hotel "Leningradskaya", reminded his luxury Palace, after the death of Stalin caused displeasure Khrushchev; From the ceilings hastily began to knock the stucco, and remove the paintings from the numbers.
Unique in the beauty of the chandeller Hall of the Secretary General and alone alone by panicadyl; As a result, architect Polyakova Have deprived Stalin's award.
During the construction of the Ukraine Hotel to avoid flooding with groundwater, for the first time in the world, the unique pumping technology was applied - needle filters: on the perimeter, the thin pipes were knocked into the ground to which the pumps were attached continuously pumping water.
Square at construction site
To the soil in the Lenin Mountain area, there were also serious complaints. So the main building of Moscow State University was erected on the "smart" foundation, which adapts to the ground level and knows how to rise and go down with him.
Soil during construction frozen.
The media, chopping, wrote that Komsomol members work at construction sites; In fact, the altitude was erected by prisoners and soldiers.
There are rumors that the died during the construction of the zacks were not buried, but simply dropped into the dungeon, and concrete poured on top.
How many floors in the GZ of the University, no one knows exactly; There are usually from 34 to 36 - but there are also underground floors. It is said that in the building there are stages of secret, which are not visible outside and locked on the key. There are also legends that down the building also leaves the floors by 30 - and even connects to an underground transition from the near Stalinsky giving. And they say that the secret line of the subway, automotive tunnels and giant bomb shelter pass under high rise.
Stalin's altitude
- Main building of Moscow State University at Sparrow Mountains
- House on the boiler's embankment
- Hotel "Ukraine"
- MFA building
- House on Kudrin Square
- Administrative and residential building near red gates
- Hotel "Leningradskaya"
The era of post-war recovery of Moscow is characterized by incredible architectural solutions and ambitious construction sites. Stalin's altars in Moscow became a symbol of this construction. Stalin's idea about the superiority of the Soviet Union over all capitalist countries has been imprinted in the architectural style of the time. All Stalin's highways in Moscow were built in ten years (1947-1957). Total built seven Stalinist high spirits in Moscow:
| Stalin's altitude | Address | Period of construction | Architects | Height |
| Foreign Ministry on Smolensk Square | Smolenskaya-Senn., 32/34, m. Smolenskaya | 1948-1953 | V.G. Gelphreich, MA Marthus | 27 floors, 172 m |
| Hotel "Leningradskaya" | Calanechevskaya Street, d. 21/40, m. Komsomolskaya | 1949-1954 | LM Polyakov, A.B. Boreletsky | 17 floors, 136 m |
| House on barricadic | Kudrinskaya Square, d. 1, m. Barricade | 1948-1954 | M.V. Posokhin, A.A. MNDOYANTS | 24th floor, 156 m |
| Hotel "Ukraine" - "Radisson Royal Hotel" | Kutuzovsky Avenue, 2/1 p. 1, m. Kiev | 1953-1957 | A.G. Mordvinov, V.K. Oltarzhevsky | 34th floor, 206 m |
| Administrative structure near the "Red Gate" | Sadovaya-Spasskaya Street, d. 21, m. Red Gate | 1947-1952 | A. N. Dushkin, B.S. Mezentsev | 24th floor, 138 m |
| Kotelnichesky embankment, 1/15, m. Taganskaya | 1948-1952 | D.N. Chechulin, A.K. Rostolovsky | 26 floors, 176 m | |
| The main building of Moscow State University. Lomonosov | Vorobyev Mountains, d. 1, m. University | 1949-1953 | B.M. Iofan, L.V. Rudnev, S.E. Chernyshev, others | 32 floors, 240 m |
At the beginning of the 20th century, American skyscrapers were a symbol of freedom and epoch of nascent market relations. Manhattan, Empire State Building, Streets and Avenue, intersecting strictly at right angles, are now a symbol of capitalism. Moscow in the 20s with stone aristocratic mansions, wooden merchant houses, barracks and the Khitrovsky market did not fit at the role of the capital of the young Soviet state.
Power, by the beginning of the 30s, clearly understood that a new state needed a new progressive city, reflecting both the country's political structure and a responsible for all the needs of communism builders. All this led to the beginning of the large-scale construction of high-altitude buildings in Moscow, which was called "Stalin's altitude".
How many Stalinist high rods in Moscow should have been
Definitely answer the question how many Stalinist highness was planned to build, difficult. Iosif Stalin is historically installed, so that eight of the grand highest facilities, symbolizing the 800th anniversary of the city of Hero, will be installed in Moscow. In the fall on September 7, 1947 at 13.00 in different places of Moscow, the bookmark of the "First Stone" began to bookmark on the basis of eight Soviet skyscrapers.
The date was not chosen by chance. According to astrological forecasts, it is these dates and time to promote the construction of special energy. However, only seven erected. Working on the eighth Stalinist high-rise was decided to stop immediately after the death of the leader, and at the already erected foundation in the charge of the charge later appeared Hotel Russia, dismantled in 2007
City legends say that Moscow highlights are only part of Stalin's dream of the city of the future, with majestic administrative-residential complexes and perfectly smooth granite embankments. These legends are confirmed by competitive projects of various architects. Looking at these layouts with difficulty can be imagined that this could look like Moscow.
Stalin wanted to make "Pioneer" from Moscow, and after all other cities would take a similar appearance. Thus, the expression "Stalin's heights" could become popular worldwide and personify the power and power of the Soviet Union.
The construction project of eight skyscrapers in Moscow was part of a grand plan for the construction of monumental structures in all regional centers and the capital of the Republic of USSR. The most significant, of the already planned architectural facilities, the Palace of Soviets was to become, the so-called nine height, the construction of which was started back in 1939 instead of destroyed to the foundation of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
The Palace of Soviets was planned as the highest structure of his time (415 m + 100 m of the statue of Lenin) and should have become the center of the entire Soviet state. Unfortunately or fortunately, the Stalin's highways appeared limited to the party and then did not receive due development.
Stalinki in other cities
Erected in the era of Stalin Ampira, the main building of the Chelyabinsk South Ural State University, often refer to the number of Stalin's skyscrapers. To the monuments of Soviet power in all of Eastern Europe include altages built by other states, which were part of the Soviet Union: Riga Academy of Sciences, Poland of Culture and Science in the capital of Poland Warsaw, Hotel "Ukraine" and a residential skyscraper on Khreshchatyk Kiev, Prague Hotel "Crowne Plaza ", free press house in Bucharest.
The design of skyscrapers was started back in the late 1930s. In the most difficult years of the Great Patriotic War, the grandiose construction sites were stopped. Stalin's highlights in Moscow continued to build almost immediately after the end of the war. The leader still took the Victory Parade on Red Square, and architects have already conducted preparatory work on projects of new structures.
Used architectural solutions were called "Stalin's Ampire", sometimes called "Ampire during the Plague". The task in front of the architects was at the same time very simple and very complicated: surpass the American skyscrapers - in greatness and grandeur. As the story shows, they coped with the task!
Architects of Stalinist heights
A lot of famous and well-deserved architects participated in the competition held for project selection. The winners became young, talented architects, the task in front of which I was personally informed. Stalin.
As contemporaries wrote later, he needed a team of urban planners ready to fully fulfill his wishes and implement the most ambitious ideas. Historians still argue about the reasons for such attention from the leader to projects of Moscow skyscrapers.
The architects of the Stalinist highness were very different people, their fates were different. The most strange was the fate of one of the first architects of the MSU's main building at the Sparrow Mountains, Boris Jofan (he also belongs to the authorship of other equally well-known projects of Moscow structures).
Boris studied at the Rome Institute of Fine Arts and after his end, designed not few Soviet structures, but also Italian. By the way, it was the Italian architects designed by the Moscow Kremlin.
In early 30s, he was the author of the grand project of the Palace of Soviets and was considered the "courteous" architect of Joseph Stalin. However, his project of the building of Moscow State University, the construction of which was scheduled for Lenin (Sparrow) the mountains caused severe criticism.
By official version, I. Stalin did not suit the place selected by B. Iofan for the future building of Moscow State University because of the location of government communications in this place. According to another version, the place proposed by B. Iofan did not fit into a concept based on magnetic fields, which should have tied all eight structures.
Now it is reliably impossible to establish what was the essence of the conflict between the leader and the architect, but the Moscow State University was shifted several hundred meters from the planned, and B. Jofan was shifted from the post of chief architect. The proposed and implemented MSU project is based on the drawings of B. Jofan, but its name on the instructions of I. Stalin have been drawn out from all documents.
Stalin's highlights in Moscow, mysticism and legends
The legends around the height began to appear at the design stage, starting with the very idea of \u200b\u200btheir construction and ending with the image of ancient symbols on the facades: Masonic, pagan and Christian. Bookmark the foundation of all Moscow skyscrapers by order of the leader occurred at exactly 13.00 on September 7, 1947, the date and time were based on astrological forecasts. On this day, all construction work was prohibited from above, all construction work were prohibited.
Architectural forms of facilities are hidden by pyramids, whose proportions are similar to the Egyptian pyramids. The pyramid, as you know, symbolizes the superiority, power, knowledge, energy and strength.
Stalin's altars in Moscow differ particularly strong metal frame. And most esotericists agree that the presence of metal fittings and spiers implies the use of buildings as ambitious energy transmitters.
In the declassified archives of the KGB, there are practically no photographs of the construction of high-rise, as they built their prisoners, and this fact was publicly advertised. The tenants of these houses knew well about who and how much did these walls erected, but they preferred this topic not to discuss.
There are many legends and rumors about the technologies of frosting soil, which by that time really actively applied, but only for the construction of the subway. Most of these legends are similar to the chapters from the future novels: about the use of liquid nitrogen soil for freezing, which, by the way, turns metal and concrete into dust, about the 3rd basement of Moscow State University, where there are huge refrigeration units that support ground under the building in a solid state. And if they disable them, then MSU crashes into Moscow river in one week. And also stories that all structures have direct access to the metro tunnels.
Apartments in the Stalinist highlights of Moscow and their tenants
The settlement of buildings often occurred by the whims of fate. Apartments received both famous political figures and cinema stars, artists, writers and doctors of science. One of the time was the fact that the apartment that received an apartment was often changed, they changed this luxurious accommodation on the camera in the KGB bunches or a bed in the camp bar of the north.
The tenants of the luxurious apartments of the Stalin skyscrapers in Moscow were forbidden to change or move the furniture without much the permission of the appropriate authority, since the equipment mounted for listening to and recording conversations could suffer.
The basements and bunkers under the Stalinist heights still excite the fantasy of both professional historians and lovers of extreme travel. No one does not know anyone where they are tunnels for rusty metal doors in the basements, whose locks are not always able to open with special techniques.
How many Stalinist highlights in Moscow
The plans of the Soviet government was the construction of one house with a height of 32 floors, two houses with a height of 26 floors and five houses with a height of 16 floors. Most. high buildingAccording to the original project, a hotel for workers on the sparrow mountains was supposed to be. The main building of Moscow State University, with a height of 36 floors, it became later. No parks, fountains and observation deck were also expected, added to the architectural ensemble they were also later.
All Stalin's highways in Moscow were erected by a single concept: a wide base, a stepped pyramid, pointed spiers and the motifs of the Kremlin towers. The plots for the construction of the Soviet skyscrapers were highlighted by huge, which significantly distinguished them from American, where the fee for renting a plot for construction is not just big, but a very large and pyramidal construction, in the conditions of market relations, was considered a non-disabilities.
Some of architectural solutions Not only aesthetics, but also the peculiarities of the Moscow soil were dictated. If Manhattan stands on a rocky and solid terrain, then Moscow stands on the hills and swamps. The consequence of this, and became amazing technologies used in the construction of Stalin skyscrapers.
Another problem for architects was the categorical position of the leader on the issue of selection of places for construction. In his office, all the skyscrapers under construction were marked on the map, and the proposals of architects to transfer the building to another more favorable place for the construction was rejected.
Stalin's height of Smolensk Square
The first was erected by the height of Smolensk Square for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The architecture of the MFA building is distinguished by restraint and is the only Stalinist height on which there is no five-pointed star, since the unique spire of the building could not withstand its weight and wind loads at the 172-meters altitude.
Stalinist height on Komsomolskaya
Following the smallest Stalinist height - Hotel "Leningradskaya", complementing the concept of the Komsomol Square. Its interior decoration was performed in the style of Moscow Baroque. The architectural luxury of "Leningrad" in the following years was very criticized by N. Khrushchev. Stalinist awards were deprived of the architects of the hotel.
Stalinist height on the boiler embankment
Then the architectural appearance of Moscow was additionary by the Stalinist height on the boiler's embankment. The building harmoniously fits into the landscape on the Arrow of the Moscow River and Jousy. Due to the adjoining to the building of the previously built residential building, the total number of apartments reached 700. The height of the boothnic has placed a cinema, mail, hairdresser, many cafes and shops.
Stalinist height on barricade
Stalinka on Kudrinskaya Square in Moscow received a nickname "Deli". Here, as well as in the building on Kotelnic, there are shops, cinema, garages. The facade of the building in decorated with many sculptures and bas-reliefs.
Red gate
The output from the Metro "Red Gate" is located in another high rise, erected on the garden ring. In Soviet years, this building occupied the Ministry of Transport Construction. In the Stalinist altitude were both working offices of employees of the ministry and residential apartments. Three buildings of the house are not associated with neither terrestrial transitions, nor attics, only a basement for them.
Stalinist height in Kutuzovsky
Moscow Tighten Hotel "Ukraine" is located at the beginning of Kutuzovsky Prospect. Place for the construction of a skyscraper is chosen very successful: the beginning is laid just in post-war years Kutuzovsky Avenue, and the Embankment of the Moscow River with a pier. The strategic location of the hotel made it extremely attractive for guests of the capital, and the interior hit her magnificence.
Stalin's height on the sparrow mountains
The highest among Stalin's high spirits is the main building of the Moscow State University at the Sparrow Mountains. The silhouette of Moscow State University is visible at a great distance and became one of the symbols of Moscow. Parks, fountains and observation deck are attracted to the sparrows of the mountains as citizens and tourists. High-rise excursion in Moscow invariably attracts a lot of students. Much of the history of the design and construction of Moscow skyscrapers of the post-war epoch remains a mystery and now.
Secrets of Moscow heights
We can only guess what Moscow could be if Stalin managed to realize his grand plan for the construction of all heights and other structures. But we can say with confidence that the appearance of Moscow would be forever changed.
Stalin ordered the architects to build pyramids and hide them under the architectural "husk". Everything general plans And the coordinates of the Stalinist height were strictly classified. In fact, these were the same pyramids as in ancient Egypt, which should have become a kind of energy storage.
They say these pyramids (Stalinkins) could concentrate a huge amount of energy, which ultimately could open the way to immortality. Perhaps these are rumors, and maybe not. Eight pyramids (high blood) were to close on the ninth, central (highest among them) the pyramid, which would allow to produce a huge vital energy. The location of each construction Stalin defined personally, but a strange thing - all Stalin's high-rise in Moscow stand on geological faults.
Why 9 high spirits in Moscow
There should have been 9 skyscrapers, exactly so much planets in the solar system. Each personifies a certain planet. For example, the construction on the boilers can be correlated with the planet Venus (beauty). Venus means that it can be one of the most beautiful buildings and aesthetically weathered and that representatives of art can live there, as it really happens.
The building on the Kudrinskaya Square relates to the planet Mars (emotions). The MFA building correlates with Jupiter (motor energy). The building of Moscow State University is related to the Mercury Planet (Education). Thus, the Stalinist high estates are pyramids and each of their destiny.
Where all the highlights intersect
The buildings have an intersection in one place, precisely where the ninth tall (Palace of Soviets was supposed to be, is now the Church of Christ the Savior. The intersection of all lines creates a sign, very similar to a sign in the desert of Nask in Peru.
The Palace of Soviets began to build in the late 1930s. It was huge concrete foundationMade a metal frame, a few floors were built, the meeting room of the Politburo was ready at the bottom and, of course, a number of tunnels took place to this construction, but the Great Patriotic War began and began to frozen, and the framework disassembled the production of tanks.
Perhaps the construction of height was the only one, the builders of which were not rushing, and the metro stations, for example, at that time were obliged to enter each red date. There were only two construction restrictions - it was forbidden to move the construction even on one centimeter and each height should have a spire.
Everyone knows that one of the most important attractions of Moscow are famous stalin's altitude. Seven, at first glance, exactly the same multi-storey buildings There are still very mysterious structures in the capital today, because the infinite number of legends and secrets are connected with them.
Stalin's highways laid one and the same moment. Time by order of Stalin was removed by the stars. So, on September 7, 1947, at 9:00 pm, the foundation of the famous Pyramids towards the 800th anniversary of the capital was laid at 1:00 pm. Many modern astrologers believe that this accurate date was not chosen by chance: allegedly the German astrologer calculated Stalin not only the construction time, but also accurate places to build. For each tower answered his planet, under the auspices of which the building had to be accompanied by success in a certain way. For example, Venus is associated with the structure on the boiler's embankment, which, according to astrologers, provides him with "elite" residents and a prestigious status.
It is still not clarified the primary reason that prompted the "Father of Peoples" to build different ends of the capital by the Grand High-rise buildings. But it is known that 8 buildings should have appeared on the project, and the Palace of Soviets was promised to become the greatest of them. The height of 315 meters and the Stater Statue of Lenin on the elevation, the height was to be located on the site of the current christmas church of the Savior. The palace was built with a mad speed, but finished the construction prevented the war at first, and then financial difficulties. According to the belief, under Nicolae I, the place on which the recreated Church of Christ the Savior is cursed and, therefore, is unsuitable for development.
Today, many researchers adhere to the opinions that the Palace of Soviets was implied by Stalin as a tomb, which is why the leader strictly followed the construction process and actively worked with architects. The building itself was to become a closing and most powerful link in the circuit of towers-height. With its help, Stalin, if you believe astrologers, I had to strengthen not only my power, but also the power of the whole country.
Historian and Esoteric M.I.Kalyzhny: " Of course, it was not the personal invention of Stalin. Pyramidal structures were built quite often, but they always served as the sacral places of communication of people with the world of gods and spirits, were peculiar magical machines of the fulfillment of desires. However, the Stalinist pyramids, except for their sizes, were quite familiar to Moscow».
MSU
With the main building (GZ), the largest amount of secrets and legends are associated with the main MSU on the sparrow mountains. Even it is even not known how many floors has a basement of the building. Some believe that under the foundation of a 36-storey building in 236 meters high, the whole city of the same size is hidden. There are rumors that there was a secret tunnel under the ground (or still?) A secret tunnel who tied the building of the University and Dacha Stalin. There is also a legend that the branch of the secret government "metro-2" from the Kremlin is held under GZ from the Kremlin to Vnukovo Airport. It is said that the indicators of the Geiger meter are shrinking here because there was a nuclear reactor here, and the building itself stands on a special underground construction, without which it would break into the river.
There are also dark beliefs about the main building of Moscow State University. Students living here in the hostel say they hear strange voices, root and extraneous steps. According to the legend it is believed that they belong to those killed in the construction of a building concluded.
Various paranormal cases in GZ are not accidental. The building, according to astrologers, has the most powerful energy from all towers.
Tightening on the boiler
The House of Art Workers on the Kotelnichesky Embankment is considered the most elite Stalinist high-rise as for the fact that Stalin became the chief architect, and the curator of the construction site is Beria, and thanks to his famous residents.
Despite such noble inhabitants, not the most pleasant legends are connected with this building. They say, there is a skeleton in the walls: the workers closed their unloved prolab, and the glasses in some apartments are messages from builders scratched with nail.
Astrologers believe that the height of the boilerish embankment (like other pyramids) has a certain energy. Because of the not built eighth building - the Palace of Soviets, this energy can not manifest itself in full strength, and that is why the tenants of the house sometimes hear incomprehensible voices, and accidents often occur in their apartments.
MID
Its interesting mystical history also has a MFA building. According to the project of architects, the height should have been without a spire. Stalin, having seen an almost already completed house, was dissatisfied and ordered to suck the spire. It was impossible to build it from the stone: the design would sell the building itself. So, the spire decided to make from the usual tin.
It is not known why the leader gave such an order. But on this score there is a mystical point of view: without a spider, the building could no longer be considered a pyramid and did not have the alleged force. Thus, Stalin's plan to strengthen its power could fail. But, skeptics do not consider this version. Perhaps Stalin simply did not want to attach similarity to the American skyscrapers.
There is also an opinion that people who were provided with housing in high spirits were chosen by the leader not by chance, because initially "Seven Stalin sisters" was not intended for living. But the towers still settled: scientists, famous actors, military and state leaders, that is, people with very strong energy. Who knows, may, thus Stalin could become more powerful.
It is difficult to definitely answer the question, for which these mystical pyramidal structures were built, but it is impossible not to recognize that they were a symbol of a bright future. To date, Stalin's highways are presented by the face of the Russian capital.
On the last day of the summer, we decided to get out of one of the most interesting and popular excursions in Stalin's altitude. This is a bus tour that lasts four hours, and during this time you get a colossal amount of information that is not just to digest. But I still try to do this and tell us about all that we saw and heard, because all this, in my opinion, is really interesting and important to know, especially Muscovites.
I personally had breakdown information about certain altings, so now, thanks to the excursion, I managed to systematize the idea of \u200b\u200bthis issue.
Immediately I will pay your attention that all heights are now in Moscow seven. The eighth, which was to be located in the charge, not far from the barbagna, was not built (about it below).
There is such a legend or opinion (as it is convenient) that all highlights were supposed to be installed in a special way, according to the type of Egyptian pyramids, so that the energy they accumulate would feed the mausoleum with Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, in order for the spirit of communism once again on Earth. So it is or not, but the highlights initially thought Stalin as a demonstration of the world's strength and power of the Soviet state and the beauty of Moscow, which was restored after the war literally for several years! So, thanks to this desire for some kind of uncertainty before the rest of the world, we have high-rise buildings in Moscow, always considered elite.
Our excursion began in a walking day near the monument to Cyril and Methodius, which is located in the Ilyinsky Square in Slavic Square. We plunged into the bus and on the way to the first height drove a little in the center. 
When we drove past the temple of Christ the Savior on the Volkhonka, the guide told something about his story. The Church of Christ the Savior (architect K. Ton) was erected as a memory in honor of the Russian warriors who died during the war with Napoleon. And they built it for a long time: about 44 years old, collecting donations to the construction of the whole world of grains. Its initial architectural performance differs from the current, which is already considered to be a new model. 
Stalin wanted to build on the spot of the temple the palace of tips with a height of 315 m, and from above would stand another 100-meter torque statue of Lenin as a symbol of communism victory. The construction of such a palace won the project bureau under the guidance of Boris Jofan. Everyone remembers that he also designed a house on the embankment? Typi began to demolish the temple on December 5, 1931. But it was not easy to do. He was exploded 3 times, and after the first time he resisted than it was in shock of all eyewitnesses of this event! ..
That was the construction of the century ... For the construction of the Palace of Soviets, the plants even paid special solid steel called SDS. The palace was supposed to become the largest building in the world, but his construction was prevented by war. 
photo from Wikipedia
After the beginning of the war, the palace is disassembled for the defense of Moscow. Subsequently, the construction did not allow the budget, to build some kind of building from the engineering point of view here was also not easy, because At the site of the foundation, a pit was formed. Therefore, they decided to make the "Moscow" swimming pool on the site of the former temple, where, by the way, my father had walked. By the way, the Metro station Kropotkinskaya, which looks directly opposite the Chisty of Christ the Savior was previously called the "Palace of Soviets" (until 1957). Architect of this and many other stations - Alexey Dushkin. The temple was restored in just 4 years from 1994 to 1997, and, of course, it differs from its initial option, and not for the better. Say, previously not used bronze burners. But even this is not the main thing. In my opinion, it is impossible to build something in 4 years so that it is then stood for centuries ... January 13, 1947 there is a decree on the construction of high-rise buildings to Moscow. IN 1947 year 7 September (on the 800th anniversary of Moscow) in one day and in one hour the foundation is laid 8 high-rise buildings Moscow, therefore, on this day, we celebrate the day of the city.
First High-rise building on our way was the height of the Schwiest Gorka or House of Art Workers on Kotelnicheskaya Embankment.
To the already worthy of the "Chekist" residential building was attached to a height, successfully writing it into a general architectural ensemble.
The house is made in the style of Stalin's amp, before the war prevalted classicism, and after the war, this style was named Stalin's Ampir. The house was given to the creative intelligentsia. The house was considered an elite, the rent was high, far from everyone could afford to live in such a house. In different times, the tenants of this house are considered: Eugene Evtushenko, Alexander Shirvindt, Galina Ulanova, Faina Ranevskaya, Clara Gaitko, Lyudmila Zykina, about Sling Cucumbers and Cabbage Which in the house there were legends! Fadeev lived here, Mikhail Zharov, Andrei Voznesensky and Nonna Mordyukova, Nikita Theological, Marina Ladynina with Ivan Pyryev, Yuri Lyubimov and many others. 
Since the Chekist Corps was already standing at this place, the construction was supervised by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Before there were barracks. In 1949, construction of the house on the boilers began. Built house, mostly prisoners. And they posted for sculptures on the house! The house is very beautiful and located in a very successful and beautiful place, this is my favorite tall in Moscow!
176 m and 32 floors. Bird of happiness on Schwiest Gorka, as it was called then.
Second The height is House on the red gate, 1951.
This is an administrative residential building. The construction of him supervised the Ministry of Runs and Messages (or short MPS), the architect already familiar to us Alexey Dushkin (he also built a metro station Kropotkinskaya). It was unique to the construction: in front of the architect there was a task to leave a way out of the Metro "Red Gate" (or then still "Lermontovskaya"). To do this, they frozen the pit for the foundation, the house was made with a deviation of 7 degrees, and when the pit was rejoiced, the house gave a shrinkage and left in the opposite direction to the same 7 degrees, alleged in this way. The stove of the foundation did not cracked. In the house of 284 apartments, all of them were provided for the manual. Earlier at the site of this house was born and lived by M.Yu. Lermontov, which is now evidenced by a memorial plate on the house. The height of this building is 130 m, in it 24 floors. This is the highest point of the Garden Ring, which, in fact, decided to celebrate the Stalinist Hig. Here lived Actors N. Gundarerev, B. Chirkov. 
Photo from Wikipedia
Fragment of the house, someone washes the windows. 
Third Tighten - hotel "Leningrad" (Now Hilton Moscow Leningradskaya).
Built this height of Poles and Boretsky, and he oversaw the construction of the Ministry of Military and Naval Construction. The highness was erected as the front facade of our city, in which, by the way, the ancient Russian architecture and modern style were connected. It was the most luxurious building on interior decoration in those times. Its equipped with the state in more than 21,000 rubles per 1 square meter. m, compared to height on the boilers - 5500 rubles. For construction and interior decoration, unique rock breeds were used, for example, the interior was decorated with huge chandeliers listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
Under the building, by the way, two rivers flow, therefore, during construction, the vibrationing technology was used - at that time an innovative type of construction. Among stalinist heights Hotel "Leningrad" is the smallest - only 17 floors and 136 meters of height. The height is located next to the most beautiful Komsomol Square of three stations: Leningrad, Yaroslavl and Kazan. By the way, the area, as well as the metro station of the same name, was previously called Calanechevskaya, and then she was renamed Komsomolskaya in honor of those Komsomol builders who died during the construction of the metro station here. A few years ago, the hotel was purchased by the owner of the Hilton hotel chain, after which it was overharaled inside, however, the owners were asked to leave part of the previous name, so now the hotel is called Hilton Moscow Leningradskaya. 
Some time after that excursion, we specially arrived at the hotel to look at her luxurious interior.
When we approached the building, they didn't even know if we could pass into the inside. Although this is an architectural monument, but the property is already private!
Each visitor at the entrance is encountered here is such a sign. Trepping and anticipation!
At the entrance to the hotel, the vigilant security was naturally asked where we are with a camera with a camera? .. We smiled to want to look at the unique interiors of the hotel, because Recently were on the excursions, and we strongly recommended to look inside. A guard (or Metrotel?) Said that, in fact, the hotel hosts special excursions to which you need to be recorded in advance, and so, in private, far and for a long time he can not start us. Then we asked at least to inspect the hall. He favorably allocated for this a few minutes. 
The guide was still on the excursion to us that the hotel has a remarkable portal made of unique marble breeds. Apparently, it is he. 
She also spoke about huge chandeliers, which descend immediately into several floors and are listed in the Guinness Book of Records. I suppose it is not about those chandeliers that in the photo. 
In general, the interior did not seem so luxurious to me. But as far as I understand, his luxury was applied to that time - by the 50s, when the first guests came here (for example, the boned collective farms after the exhibition on the VDNH did not sleep on the beds, but on the floor in the rooms, because just They were afraid to touch this unprecedented luxury) and surprised this wealth! 
Chic ceiling that gives a palace bloom. 
Worn doors. In the background, the monumental entrance. 
Sculptures characteristic of any medieval castles. 
Agree, some kind of "castle" is felt in this. Monumentality of the interior, abundance of granite, warm, muted brown tones, a lot of gold in the finish ... 
Receptions on the first floor. Probably, a more thorough impression can be formed after a more detailed inspection by visiting all the "sights" of this hotel, looking into the rooms. Therefore, I recommend to take a separate excursion there. I think that the hotel itself organizes something similar, so it is better to look at their website. 
Fourth Tighten - House aviators On Kudrinskaya Square, it was previously called the "High Square of the Rebellion", because Kudrinskaya Square was previously called the area of \u200b\u200bthe uprising. This house was built in 1948 - 1954 by the project of architects M. V. Prochin, A. A. Movoyanz and Designer M. N. Zhomsky.
The building has a height of 156 m, it has 24 floors and more than 450 apartments. It was also an elite house where pilots, astronauts lived, etc. He is famous for its grocery number 15, in which it used to be good to twitch. Elina Bystritskaya, Lev Jumperov, Evgeny Vestnik lived here. I will publish the technical features of the architectural appearance of the building here and I will only note that on the first and basement floors of the building initially contained stores and cinema "Flame" (currently not working), in the basement - underground garages. The part of the base was converted to a casino, stopped working in 2004. The basements of the building are suitable with the system of underground structures, in particular, with a bomb-skinning, emerging far beyond the above-ground part of the building.
Photo from Wikipedia
Fifth Tag - building Mida on Smolensk Square. It was built in 1948 - 1953 by architects V. Gelphraich and M. Minkus.
The central part has 27 floors, the height of the building is 172 m.
Interestingly, the initial project of the building did not have a spire, but later the plan was finalized. The reason for changes is exactly unknown, but, according to a common legend, we are talking about the personal instruction of Stalin. Calculations have shown that the building will not withstand a stone superstructure, so the spire was built of sheet steel and painted with okra (therefore it was noticeable that the spire color differs from the color of the building finish). Currently, the spire is repainted and practically does not differ in color from the main volume of the building. The story is also common that after the death of Stalin, Architect Martak wrote a letter to Khrushchev with a request to dismantle the spire, for which the alleged Khrushchev replied: "Let the spire remain a monument to Stalin's stupidity." The MFA building is the only one of the seven heights, whose spire is not crowned with a five-pointed star. The likely reason for this is that the spire of the building was very fragile and could not withstand the weights of the stars. 
Six Tighten - hotel "Ukraine"located at Kutuzovsky Ave., 2/1.
This height was built in 1953-1957, i.e. Already at Khrushchev, who called it in honor of his beloved Ukraine. Her architects of Mordvinov and Oltarzhevsky built. The central part of the building is a hotel, side outfield - residential, apartments are located there. On April 28, 2010, the Ukraine Hotel opened after a serious restoration under the new name Radisson Royal (Radisson-Moscow), because It was purchased by this network hotels. Side fatigue, by the way, did not succeed, because the tenants privatized their apartments in time. It is noteworthy that the hotel has the most interesting exhibit that can see each: this is the 1977 mockup. 
On the layout (or differently, diorama) we came to see also separately after a while.
Lobby ceiling. 
Lobby. You can go to the hotel without any problems if you say you want to watch Diorama. 
Luxurious finish, glossy granite floors, many carpets and gold. 
Dirama is directly from the exit. 
Dirama represents the Moscow 1977 layout, which is highlighted, and you can listen to a small story for free, with the headphones, about certain exhibits of Diorams, about the history of its creation, about numerous awards of international exhibitions. Highly recommend! 
During the story about a particular object, it is highlighted for the convenience of its identification on the layout. 
Layout, of course, unique. Everything is done very jewelry, the most plausible. 
The feeling that you are considering real Moscow from above. 
The layout has a width of 16 m, a height of 6 m and a depth of 9.5 m. Dirama displays Moscow, or rather its historical center, on the scale of 1:75. 
Dirama was performed on the order of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs specifically for the National Exhibition of 1977 in America and then caused a large excitement around him. 
Do not be lazy and be sure to go to the hotel to look at this unique layout. 
Cathedrals of the Kremlin and the bell tower of Ivan the Great. 
General view of the diorama. 
Some details of the interior. 
Very nice and moderately pathetic. 
Well, finally, seventh The height in Moscow is a building MSU (Moscow State University) at Sparrow Mountains. Once it was the highest building in Moscow: height 240 m, the strokes of the central volume - 36. It was built in 1949-1953 by architects L. V. Rudnev, S. E. Chernyshev, etc.). The building is the center of the huge complex of Moscow University, originally already numbered 27 buildings.
In the main building there are mechanics and mathematical, geological and geographical faculties, administration, scientific library, a museum, an assembly hall for 1500 Checks. In lateral outgames - a living area (a hostel for students, apartments of the professorship-teaching staff). Like other heights of an administrative and residential nature, it was conceived as a house with a closed utility and consumer infrastructure (cinema, mail, household service enterprises, etc.)
The initial project of the building did not have a spire, a monument to Lomonosov should have been put on the roof instead. Architects, showing the drawings to Stalin, hinted that the sculpture can get a portrait similarity with the leader. However, he ordered to build a spire instead of a statue that the upper part of the Moscow State University was similar to the other seven heights under construction in the capital. 
The building is also shrouded in several legends, that the bunker is located nearby, where it can hide in case nuclear war Party elite, that the territory near the "Phonite" building is due to the nuclear reactor before the nuclear reactor here. Anyway, today Moscow State University is one of the most important universities of the country and our husband with a unfulfilled dream.
A monument to Lomonosov installed on the side from the main building. Now he is temporary on the restoration. 
Administrative building in charge It was last eighth, from Stalin's skyscrapers laid on the day of the eight-year anniversary of Moscow. He was supposed to build architect Dmitry Chechulin. But the building was not completed - the death of Stalin prevented. However, the work on the construction of a stylobate by the spring of 1953 managed to almost complete. The styline hid the technical floor, and under it a bunk concrete bunker, which was probably planned to be used as a bomb shelter. In the eighth altitude, they wanted to place the People's Commissariat of Heavy Machinery of the USSR. But the construction was molded, and 1954 was already clarified to further plans for high-rise construction. In 1964-1967, the hotel "Russia" was built on the already spent stylobate, which now "safely" was demolished.
Now in this place it is planned to build a huge park and an entertainment zone that could function in summer and in winter. The project is still under development, but the mayor promises to finish everything by 2017. Wait and see! ;)
At the proposal of I. V. Stalin on January 13, 1947, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution "On the construction of multi-storey buildings in Moscow". This resolution described plans for the construction of 8 high-rise buildings.
It was assumed that the number of buildings should have symbolized the 800th anniversary of Moscow (celebrated in 1947), but after his death, the construction of the eighth height stopped
The main building of Moscow State University at the Sparrow Mountains.
Architects L.V. Rudnev, S.E. Chernyshev, P.V. Abrosimov, A.F. Khryakov, V.N. Nonoso. The main building of Moscow State University - was built for four years, from 1949 to 1953. The main building of Moscow State University is the highest of the Stalinist height, reaches 236 meters in height and has 36 floors. In order to build a frame, it took about 40 thousand tons of steel, and 175 million bricks took the construction of the walls. It is worth noting that the star on the Stalin's altitude spiers weighs about 12 tons. For such a large building it was necessary to produce 68 elevators, including high-speed cabins. Originally planned to build a building near the current looking platform On the sparrow mountains. Architects understood all the danger of this place of construction in time and transferred it to 800 meters deep. A temporary settlement was organized next to the construction, which included former prisoners, who were exempted early with the completion of construction. The settlement was called "Solntsevo" and later became one of the districts of Moscow.Before the meeting of the meeting of the Scientist Council (Rector's office), four columns from whole jasper were placed on the 9th floor, allegedly survived with the demolition of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, which is a romantic myth, since there was no yashmovy column in the destroyed temple. Sometimes it is mentioned that, when finishing the interior of the building, materials were used destroyed Reichstag, in particular, a rare pink marble. In fact, either white or red marble is found. However, it is known that the hull of the chemical faculty is equipped with trophy German exhaust cabinets, which indirectly confirms the use of German origin in the construction of materials. For 37 years, before the construction in 1990, Messeturma in Frankfurt, the main building of Moscow State University was the highest building in Europe. Exactly 50 years old - until the final work on the construction of Triumph Palace, the building of Moscow State University was the highest building in Russia. Outwardly, it seems that the spire, as well as his star and a star and ears are covered with gold, but it is not. The spire, the star, and the ears are not covered with gold - under the action of wind and precipitation of the gilding would quickly come into disrepair. Spire, star, and ears are lined with yellow glass plates, the inner side of the glass plates is covered with aluminum. Currently, some of the glass details collapsed and sat down, if you look at binoculars, it can be seen that there are holes in various places.
The walls of the main building of Moscow State Union were repeatedly a screen for laser show. In 1997, at the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow, French Shoumen Jean Michel Sea showed a laser show with great and unusual salute.
The sculptor Vera Mukhina appealed to L. P. Beria with a proposal to establish its sculpture "working and collective farmer" in front of the MoscowSa building, but received a refusal. It is believed that if the author of the project remained B. M. Iofan, who has already collaborated with the Mukhina in the process of creating a Soviet pavilion for the World Exhibition in Paris in 1937, the proposal of the sculptor would be accepted.
Like any elastic design, the spire of the main building makes small oscillations under the action of wind load. The frequency of the main tone of oscillations is 0.76 Hz.
On September 4, 2011, within the framework of Alfa-Show-4d, he climbed the main building of Moscow State University in front of the huge number of audience Alain Robert.
The building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Architects: V.G. Gelphreich, MA Marthus.The Russian Foreign Ministry is located on Smolenskaya Square in the Stalinist Hig, which has been under construction during 1948-1953. In the Stalinsky building on 27 floors is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of External economic connections and the Ministry of Trade of the Russian Federation. Building height 172 meters, total area Interior premises 65,000 square meters. m. The height is equipped with 28 elevators, 18 of which are speed. In terms of construction, there was no building spire, since according to the calculations of specialists the building could not withstand the load. It was decided to establish a decorative spire made of steel sheets.
It is worth noting that the process of the construction of the altitude was not ordinary. The building began to build on top of the bottom, originally built the frame for the entire length. The tower style, the height is obliged to Stalin, who rejected the initial sketches of buildings and insisted on the tower style, later become legendary. At an altitude of 114 meters in the Middle Building, the coat of arms of the USSR was built, which is located there and in our time. Architects are noted how successful place is selected for the construction, as well as the integrity and majestity of the composition of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Initially, the project of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was supposed to complete the main tower of a flat roof. They say the change in the construction of Stalin himself. The project was decided to add completion in the form of a spider. But the brick design could break the roof of the building, so they went to the trick. The completion of the tower was made of light metal structures and painted by okra, so the color of the spire and differs from the color of the main building. However, after the death of Stalin, the architect Helfreich made a sentence to dismantle the supracted part of the height, but Khrushchev said that the spire should stay on the spot and be "a monument of great nonsense Comrade Stalin. " By the way, the spiers eventually became characteristic feature All seven Moscow highlights. The spire of the Foreign Ministry is not made out of stone, but from tin, otherwise the building structures would not stand his weight. Also on the spire there is no five-pointed star.
Residential building at Kudrinskaya Square.
Architects M.V. Posokhin, A.A. MNDOYANTS.
The main part of the tenants was cosmonauts, pilots, aircraft designers who raised the glory of the Soviest countries on the wings. When designing the engineering part of the building, several serious miscalculations were made. One of them is that the hatches of garbage chute are placed directly in the kitchens of apartments. Today, many tenants prefer them to climb and clean the garbage disposal in the formation of traffic jams sometimes turns into a real problem for serving the building of employees. In previous years on the first floor there was a restaurant, a magnificent delight, savingskassa. Pharmacy marble stairs, on both sides of the elevators leading in the lobby, were once decorated with carpet tracks. Today they are not, as not on the walls and many stylish bronzed plates, indicating the floors. The quality designed in the style of "wedding cake" is narrowed upwards. Therefore, the layout of the floors (and, accordingly, the number and meter of apartments) also changes depending on the zone of the floor. The house consists of central and two side buildings. In each case - its entrance and their high-speed elevators (all elevators in the house are thirteen. Three in the central building, three in the central entrances of the side buildings and one end entrances. Faceted entrances are placed on the sides of the wings and have eight floors). Conditionally, you can select four floors zones, each of which extends to several floors 1: 2-8 floors, 2: 9 - 14 floors, 3: 15-17 floors, and 4: 18 - 22 floors.
The building was built from 1948 to 1954 and contains 24 floors, 18 of which are residential. Stalin's height of 156 meters together with the spire, on this moment It contains about 450 apartments. High building There was a "house of aviator", due to the provision of apartments to employees of the aviation industry. Apartments also received famous actors and many famous personalities. Nowadays, in addition to the apartments, the cinema, shops, bowling club and closed bomb shelter are located in the Stalin's height. Behind the construction of the building carefully observed the KGB, which controls the construction of bomb shelter and other underground structures of the Moscow High-rise, leaving outside the territory of the ground building.
Planning floors inside one zone most often coincide, although not always. This exception is mainly concerned with the top, fourth floor zone. When the roof is a step forming on the side corps of the ledges, decorated in the form of balconies, eats about a height half meter. Therefore, despite the fact that in the central high-altitude case, the height of the ceilings on all floors is the same, in the side housings of hills for example 14 floors have a smaller height of the ceilings. Therefore, there are cumbersome chandeliers replaced by ordinary light bulbs, coming to the ceiling. Three high-speed elevators will be brought to 22 floors. On the side stairs can be climbed and higher. Twenty-third floor is closed - once it was possible to go on it, which is what the presence of double doors with glasses. But then stand upholstered door. In addition, the twenty-third floor has no windows. The last floor is twenty-fourth. This is a technical floor. Here is the last stop of the central high-speed elevator - on it only down here. Another very small cargo elevator, the oak door of which is locked on the key, goes up, to the very base of the spire. On the twenty-fifth floor there is an observation perimeter. If you look from the ground, then the twenty fifth floor is the last floor of the tower, the windows on it are huge, made in the form of an archer. For these windows around the perimeter of the building there is a gallery that has an appointment of the observation deck.
Administrative and residential building near the "Red Gate".
Architects: A.N. Dushkin, B.S. Mezentsev.On the red gate area there is one of the seven Stalinist heights, 138 meters high. The house combining residential and administrative premises was built throughout 1949-1953. In the Stalinist sparkling on the red gate area there are 24 floors, and the roof of the building is crowned with a tent of a tier. The building was located the Ministry of Transport Engineering. In addition to the ministry in the building, the Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange, Bank, Transstro, Russian Trade Union of Railway and Transport Builders. It is noteworthy that the building was built at the highest point of the garden ring, on Sadovaya-Spasskaya Street and despite the modest dimensions in comparison with other Stalinist heights, it looks quite large and can be visually compared with a 36-storey MSU building.
In the lobby of the building installed by the builders of transport, participants of the Great Patriotic War. Also, various shops are located in a high jump at the red gate, and one of the subway outputs. Unfortunately, the decor of the building is not completely preserved. So, sculptures above the main entrance were lost. The landscape features required an unusual engineering solution, and the building structure was built at an angle, so that after the soil drawdown it was leveled, and the structure of 138 meters is resistant to the foundation. Despite the difficulty in recreating the construction plan, it took only 7 years so that the building takes the first visitors. The central building in 24 floors was intended for the Ministry of Transport Mechanical Engineering of the USSR. Side, residential buildings height from 11 to 15 floors, separated from central firewalls, the passage between the housings is possible only through the basement. Under the corps who goes to the calanevskaya street is the Northern Lobby of the Metro Station "Red Gate". In the house there was a theater director L. V. Varpakhovsky, Surgeon S. S. Yudin, composer Mikhail Bulaki (in 1952-1989), actor Boris Chirkov, art historian A. A. Fedorov-Davydov, cameraman Anatoly Head.
Hotel "Leningradskaya".
Architects: Polyakov L.M., Boretsky A.B.Of the seven Stalinist heights currently in two are hotels. One of them is located at the metro station Komsomolskaya and is called Hotel "Leningrad". The construction of the hotel lasted throughout 1949-1954. Among all high spirits, the hotel is characterized by the most modest height, which is 136 meters). But despite the rather small size, compared with other high spirits, the hotel building has a sophisticated interior, imbued with ancient Russian spirit and temple architecture. Massive chandeliers (one of them illuminates 7 floors) make the hotel rich and beautifully decorated. Since 2008, the hotel has the name Hilton Moscow Leningradskaya, there are 275 rooms in it, as well as inherent in any modern five-star hotel facilities in the form of shops, beauty salons, restaurants and swimming pools.
It is worth noting that despite overhaul In the whole building, the initial image and the hotel interior has been preserved, and the facades have acquired an extra luxury. In the facade finish, along with a white ceramic tiled, a red glazed ceramics is used. Rybra and emblem of an eight-marched spire, sockets between pylons and balls on obeliski covered with gold. In the design of the interior decoration, stylized elements of the Moscow Baroque, two bas-reliefs depicting Dmitry Donskoy and Alexander Nevsky in the lobby of the hotel, a decorative lattice and chandeliers are also used. After reconstruction, completed in 2008, opened under the Hilton brand.
Hotel "Ukraine".
Architect A.G. Morderovin.Hotel "Ukraine" (Radisson Royal) is located at the intersection of Kutuzovsky Avenue and New Arbat. The height of the building ranks second among Stalin's heights and is 206 m., Including the spire. Thanks to such a height, the hotel consists of 34 floors. It was built in 1953-1957 and received its name in honor of the Motherland of the Khrushchev Secretary General. According to Stalin, she was supposed to be called a hotel building in Dorobomilov. It is worth noting that at the moment the Ukraine Hotel is one of the largest in Europe, there are about five hundred numbers, many restaurants, bars and a 50 meter pool. In 2005, the Ukraine Hotel closed on the restoration and was sold, on the conservation of the pristine species of the facade of the building, the 1st and 2nd floor, public premises, as well as the 29th, 30th and 31st floors. Reconstruction and constant delays with the opening of the hotel lasted until 2010. On April 28, 2010, the legendary Stalinist height with the updated name Hotel Radisson Royal Hotel began its work.
The hotel "Ukraine" has received its appearance thanks to the architects group: Academician of Architecture, President of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR A. Mordvinova, Design Engineer P. A. Krasikov, co-author on the project of residential buildings V. G. Kalisz and co-author on the project of the stylobate project - Doctors Architecture V. K. Oltarzhevsky, who studied the technique of the construction of skyscrapers in New York and specialized in the design and construction of hotels. Over two thousand people worked on various details of the project. One of the leaders of the construction of the building was the progressive engineer V. A. Saprykin. At the beginning of the film, faithful friends are shown by the construction frames of the Ukraine Hotel. The hotel "Ukraine" unfolds the main events of the Saint Film. Movie "Russian House" (English SERVICE Frequently visiting Moscow stops in the hotel "Ukraine". The plot of the film "Northern Light" (2001) unfolds at the Ukraine Hotel.
Residential building on the boiler embankment.
Architects: D.N. Chechulin, A.K. Rostric.One of the Stalinist heights, which began to be built in 1938-1940 and was completed after the Great Patriotic War in 1948-1952. The building has 32 floors and has a height of 176 meters. The high-rise building is a residential, at the moment there are more than five hundred apartments, shops, museum, post office and cinema. According to the government, the height should have become not only residential complexbut also a strategic object. A plan for the construction of a tunnel from the Moscow High-rise to the Kremlin was developed, but he was never implemented. Nevertheless, the process of the construction of a height on the boilerish embankment was partly secked. In this regard, the prisoners were attracted for construction, which were rejected by the building under the supervision of brigadiers and left poorly noticeable inscriptions on the glasses and walls - "built Zekka". Above the arches of the height on the kotelnichesky embankment there is a digit of 1952. Year of completion. But it is formally. Massively tenants settled here at the beginning of the 1953rd. For a very long time, the names of the status houses were argued. The main architect of the altitude was Stalin himself. Supervised the construction of Beria. At the stage of construction, the list was a list. "Our people will live in our house," said how to cut off the "leader of peoples." But completely inqualing the house "Our" was risky. Because of the eternal intrigue, height could comprehend the fate of the sadly famous house on the embankment, where many tenants were repressed at the end of the thirties. In addition, "our" already lived in the wing leaving the embankment.
That part of the house, built in the late 1930s, attached to a height. For the heterogeneity of the composition, one wing was given to the military, other people of art. Apartments have surrendered "turnkey" - with snow-white furniture in the kitchen, bronze lamps, imported plumbing. Rankplat, albeit the most understated, it was still rather big. Therefore, the house drove exclusively rich and famous. The house was brilliant. Here the actresses of Fain Ranevskaya lived here, Clara Lydiahukov, Lydia Smirnov, Nonna Mordyukova, Poet Alexander Tvardovsky, Ballerina Galina Ulanova, Tracer Irina Bugrimov, composer Nikita theological. The latter was a famous joker. He came up with such a frivolous joke-riddle: "In our house in the same apartment, nine laureates sleep in the same bed. Who is it?" Guests were lost in guess and built an unequivocal assumptions about the star "group sex." "Pyryev with Ladian!" - Pretty threw his hands the composer, listening to all the spicy versions. For two from the actress and director there were indeed 9 state awards. The composer's acute into the tongue loved to tear over the other with his star neighbor - actress Fainen Ranevskaya. "Hi, old woman!" - The composer shouted to the entire courtyard, envy the actress. Ranevskaya was angry. Intelligent "Greetings you, my great neighbor" from the mouth of another neighbor, the poet of Alexander Twardovsky, liked it much more. Tvardovsky often came to Ranevskaya just like that, in its own. Their neighbors began with a small confusion: somehow Tvardovsky forgot the keys, and the household were in the country. And here the Tvardov unbearable wanted to the toilet. I had to knock on the famous neighbor.
After that, the poet spoke with the actress for several hours in a row. "Come still, my closet doors are always open to you!" - Ranevskaya said goodbye. The actress, by the way, was in this house by chance. Her wanted to recruit KGB officers to knock on colleagues. "I can not! - immediately twisted the actress. "I speak loudly in a dream, but I live in a communal, I'm afraid, I rush the neighbors." Actress immediately gave an apartment in a height. On the second floor, over the cinema "Illusion" and bakery. "Above bread and spectacles," as Ranevskaya itself appreciated. To get out of this delicate situation with the KGB, Ranenevskaya had to use his acting abilities - she was at night "spoke in a dream." Loud and open windows. The neighbors even complained to the manager: they say, it is impossible to sleep. We had to leave people from organs to the actress alone. Until his death in height, her immediate architect Dmitry Chechulin lived (he also designed "White House" - the House of Government in the Krasnopresnenskaya Embankment). The architect did not doubt that he will be given a warrant in this house. Even looked at a few options. However, the power was cruel to him - Chechulin hoped a spacious apartment on the last floors with a panoramic view of the capital. But he was offered an apartment on the first floor. The architect found it an insult.
This house was rightfully considered safe for residents and impregnable for robbers. In the entrances from the first days, the concierge was sat in the elevators around the clock, "Watchings" from the organs. The tenants boldly left apartments open, while leaking to visit their no less stellar neighbors. But one day there was a bold robbery. On December 30, 1981, a group of men with a huge fluffy fir tree and a festive box went to the entrance. "This is from the" Gosotrika "," the men explained, "Veneered to leave Irina Bugrim's trainers at the apartments! The duty allowed. Uninvited guests did not return. The woman rushed to the apartment of the star trainer. The Christmas tree was in the opened door. The couriers went through a black move, grabbing a unique collection of diamonds by Bugrimova. Many exhibits from this collection were found in international catalogs. The investigation found that this robbery was committed by order of Galina by Brezhnev, which has long been visiting the unique pebbles of the trainers.
The height often served as a decoration to Soviet films. For example, it came here to get acquainted with the parents of the beloved Kostik from the "Pokrovsky Gate". Some believe that the film was removed here "Moscow does not believe in tears." Version Truthfully partly: the scene, when the main characters move to a height, filmed onto the barricade. But in the story, when Katya Tikhomirov wipes flowers, the observant local historians treated the panorama of Moscow, which opens from the high-rise windows to the kotelnichesky. - The height was to become a strategic object, "says Irina Sergievskaya, author of the excursion" Secrets and the legends of the Moscow Pyramids ". - Under the ground, it was supposed to build tunnels to the Kremlin, the Novospassky Monastery and through Moscow-River. This is intended to resolve them, I had to move the river river to the Yauza. The excess witnesses of this construction regime were not needed. And therefore they built this object prisoners. First they settled in the barrack. As the prisoners have been built in rebuilt apartments - as the current migrant workers. Between the wardens and prisoners periodically arose clashes. Above the fifth floor, brigadiers did not rise - they were afraid to be scorn. Therefore, it is believed that the lower floors are built better. On the upper floors there are often "autographs" of builders: on the glasses, Zeki was crushed on the glasses. Such an inscription is in the apartment of the writer Aksenov. - Prisoners not only built, - continues the guide, - they often posed for sculptors who have lepping bas-reliefs. There was case: the prisoner posed for the sculpture depicting the flag. Standing with elongated hands and heavy banner had long. From fatigue he fainted. The order was given: "Diversion! Shoot!" For the prisoner came, explaining that he fell in a hungry faint. "Diversanta" pardoned. The execution was canceled, but the punishment was still cruel: the man was deprived of a solder for three days.
A lot of celebrities still live in the house: Poets Voznesensky and Evtushenko, actors Shirvindt and Nagiyev, writer Aksenov, Singery Zykina. At one time, Renata Litvinova was quartered here. But the former tenants are tested by people with ambitions and tight wallets. Apartments in high rise are actively sold and surrendered: the apartment for rent will cost 7 thousand rubles per day. If you wish to become the owner - prepare a million dollars, or even more. average price square meter In this house - 15 thousand dollars.
A lot of celebrities still live in the house: Poets Voznesensky and Evtushenko, actors Shirvindt and Nagiyev, writer Aksenov, Singery Zykina. At one time, Renata Litvinova was quartered here. But the former tenants are tested by people with ambitions and tight wallets. Apartments in high rise are actively sold and surrendered: the apartment for rent will cost 7 thousand rubles per day. If you wish to become the owner - prepare a million dollars, or even more. The average price of a square meter in this house is 15 thousand dollars. I have now been unknown exact number of apartments in this house. Previously, part of the apartments was given to the hotel KGB and the Ministry of Defense. Now the apartments are united - almost every month, instead of two or three apartments, one appears. And this process, it seems, infinite. In 2004, the Galina Ulanova Ballerina Museum opened in the house. The exposition was deployed in her apartment.
