We talked about temporary differences in accounting and tax accounting in ours and noted that such differences are deductible (VVR) and taxable (NVR). VVR lead to the formation of deferred tax asset(ONA), and NVR - to the formation of a deferred tax liability (IT) (clauses 11, 12 PBU 18/02). To summarize information on the presence and movement of IT by the Chart of Accounts accounting and the Instructions for its application are intended for account 77 "Deferred tax liabilities" ().
Accounting on account 77
77 accounting account is a passive synthetic account. The credit of account 77 reflects deferred tax, which reduces the amount of contingent expense (income) of the reporting period (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n):
Debit account 68 "Calculations on taxes and fees" - Credit account 77
The value of IT, reflected in this posting, is determined by the formula:
IT \u003d HBP * C,where C is the income tax rate in force in reporting period.
In the general case, the IT is 20% of the NVR (clause 2, article 284 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
If the occurrence of IT is reflected in the credit of account 77, then the debit of this account takes into account the reduction or full repayment of IT on account of accruals of income tax for the reporting period:
Debit account 77 - Credit account 68
If the object for which IT was accrued retires, the deferred tax liability is written off (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n):
Debit account 77 - Credit account 99 "Profit and loss"
Analytical accounting on account 77 is carried out by types of assets or liabilities, in the assessment of which an NVR arose.
IN balance sheet the balance of IT is reflected in liabilities in the composition long-term obligations on line 1420 "Deferred tax liabilities" (Order of the Ministry of Finance dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n).
Account 77 "Deferred tax liabilities": an example
Taxable temporary differences that lead to the formation of an IT, in particular, may arise as a result (clause 12 of PBU 18/02):
- the use of different methods of depreciation for the purposes of accounting and tax accounting;
- recognition of revenue from the sale of products (goods, works, services) in the form of income from common species activities of the reporting period, as well as the recognition of interest income for accounting purposes at the time of accrual, and for taxation purposes - on a cash basis;
- application of various rules for the reflection of interest paid by the organization on loans and borrowings for accounting and taxation purposes;
- other similar differences.
The simplest case of the occurrence of IT is a difference in the methods of calculating depreciation, as a result of which the amounts of depreciation expenses in accounting and tax accounting do not match.
For example, for the first year of depreciation of an item of fixed assets, depreciation amounted to:
- in accounting - 250,000 rubles;
- in tax accounting - 320,000 rubles.
Ceteris paribus, this difference leads to the fact that the accounting profit for this year will be more than the tax profit by 70,000 rubles (320,000 rubles - 250,000 rubles). Therefore, IT arises: Debit account 68 - Credit account 77 in the amount of 14,000 (70,000 x 20%).
As accounting depreciation starts to exceed the tax, IT will be repaid: Debit account 77 - Credit account 68.
Location: Moscow cityTopic: "The relationship between accounting and tax accounting: the application of RAS 18/02 and the calculation of differences"
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Expenses or income in accounting and tax accounting may be recognized in different ways. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the differences in order to link the accounting and tax profits. For this, PBU 18/02 is needed. Only non-profit organizations and small businesses may not apply it.
Permanent and temporary differences
When the procedure for recognizing income or expenses in accounting and tax accounting is different, then differences arise. PBU 18/02 divides them into two types - temporary and permanent. To figure out what type the identified difference belongs to, the diagram will help (see below. - Note ed.).
How to determine the type of difference according to PBU 18/02
If income or expense is recognized in only one accounting, then a permanent difference is formed. In this case, the discrepancy between accounting and tax accounting will not disappear even with time. For example, a permanent difference will arise if costs are recognized in accounting, but in terms of tax legislation are not expenses. These include representation costs and advertising costs over the limit. In accounting, the company recognizes them in full, and for income tax purposes, it will not be possible to take into account expenses in excess of the standard. Then there will be a permanent difference, which increases the amount of tax profit.
Sometimes a constant difference is formed, which, on the contrary, reduces the profit in tax accounting. True, this does not happen very often. An example is a situation where a company has income from the transfer of property on account of a share in the authorized capital of another organization. This income does not need to be recognized in tax accounting (subclause 2, clause 1, article 277 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), but in accounting it is the other way around.
When, due to the constant difference profit in tax accounting is greater than in accounting, a permanent tax liability (PNO) is formed. And if, on the contrary, accounting profit is greater than tax profit, a permanent tax asset is reflected - PNA. To calculate the PNO or PNA, you need to multiply the constant difference by the income tax rate.
In accounting, PNO is reflected by an entry in the debit of account 99, subaccount “Permanent tax liabilities” and in the credit of account 68, subaccount “Calculations for income tax”. And in order to fix the asset, the accountant makes a reverse entry on the debit of account 68 and the credit of account 99 of the sub-account "Permanent tax assets".
EXAMPLE 1
Constant Differences
Calculating income tax for 2014, the accountant found that for the year the amount of representation expenses amounted to 30,000 rubles. However, since labor costs for the year are 700,000 rubles, only 28,000 rubles can be recognized in tax accounting. (700,000 rubles × 4%). In this case, a constant difference in the amount of 2000 rubles is formed. (30,000 - 28,000) and the corresponding PNO - 400 rubles. (2000 rubles × 20%). After all, expenses that exceed the standard will never be recognized in tax accounting and they increase the amount of income tax. The accountant took into account hospitality expenses and accrued PNO by posting:
DEBIT 26 CREDIT 60
- 30,000 rubles. - hospitality expenses are taken into account;
DEBIT 99 sub-account "Permanent tax liabilities"
CREDIT 68 sub-account "Calculations for income tax"
- 400 rubles. - accrued permanent tax liability.
Also in the reporting year, the company acquired a share in the authorized capital of another organization in the amount of 10,000 rubles. As a contribution to authorized capital the company transferred goods, the carrying value of which amounted to 7,000 rubles. The difference between appraisal and book value contribution in the amount of 3000 rubles. (10,000 - 7,000) the accountant will include in other income. To do this, he will record:
DEBIT 76 CREDIT 91 sub-account "Other income"
- 3000 rubles. - reflects income from the transfer of goods on account of a contribution to the authorized capital of another organization.
However, income does not appear in tax accounting (subclause 2, clause 1, article 277 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). Therefore, a permanent tax asset in the amount of 600 rubles is formed. (3000 × 20%), which the accountant will reflect in the accounting as follows:
DEBIT 68 sub-account "Calculations for income tax"
CREDIT 99 sub-account "Permanent tax assets"
- 600 rubles. - accrued permanent tax asset.
When an expense or income is recognized in tax accounting in one period and in accounting in another, temporary differences arise. In this case, unlike permanent differences, the difference between accounting and tax accounting is eliminated over time. For example, a temporary difference may arise if a company calculates depreciation differently in accounting and tax accounting. illustrative example- depreciation premium. Such an opportunity exists only in tax accounting, where the company can write off part of the value of the fixed asset immediately. But accounting does not provide for such a mechanism. Here the value of the property will be written off in the usual manner.
Temporary differences are divided into two types - deductible and taxable. When due to difference tax profit greater than accounting, there is a deductible temporary difference. Then the accountant will form a deferred tax asset (ITA), the value of which is equal to the temporary difference multiplied by the tax rate.
And if the resulting difference reduces profit in tax accounting and increases in accounting, it is taxable and forms a deferred tax liability (IT). It is calculated by analogy: by multiplying the taxable difference by the tax rate.
To account for IT, the accountant uses account 09 "Deferred tax assets", and liabilities - account 77 "Deferred tax liabilities". The accrual of an asset is reflected in the debit of account 09 and the credit of account 68 of the sub-account “Calculations for income tax”, and the liabilities - in the debit of account 68 and the credit of account 77. In future reporting periods, income and expenses in accounting and tax accounting will begin to gradually converge, and deferred assets and liabilities will be repaid by reverse entries.
EXAMPLE 2
Taxable temporary differences
In November 2014, the company purchased a car. Its initial cost is 1,080,000 rubles. (excluding VAT). The accountant took vehicle to the second depreciation group and set a deadline beneficial use 36 months. IN accounting policy The tax company provides the opportunity to use the depreciation bonus and write off 10 percent of the original cost of the car at a time. In accounting, the amount of monthly depreciation will be 30,000 rubles. (1,080,000 rubles: 36 months).
But in the tax calculation will be different. First, the accountant will determine the amount of the depreciation bonus. It will amount to 108,000 rubles. (1,080,000 rubles × 10%). The accountant will include this amount in expenses in full in December - in the period when the company begins to operate the fixed asset. The cost of the car, from which depreciation will be charged in tax accounting, is 972,000 rubles. (1,080,000 - 108,000), respectively, monthly amount deductions will amount to 27,000 rubles. (972,000 rubles : 36 months). Thus, in December, the amount of depreciation expenses in tax accounting is 135,000 rubles. (27,000 + 108,000). And in accounting - 30,000 rubles. There will be a taxable temporary difference in the amount of RUB 105,000. (135,000 - 30,000) and IT - 21,000 rubles. (105,000 rubles × 20%). In December, the accountant will make entries:
DEBIT 26 CREDIT 02
- 30,000 rubles. - depreciation for December;
DEBIT 68 sub-account "Calculations for income tax" CREDIT 77
- 21,000 rubles. - reflected deferred tax liability.
And then, from January next year, the depreciation expense in accounting will become more than in tax accounting by 3,000 rubles. (30,000 - 27,000). The temporary difference will be reduced by this amount on a monthly basis. And IT every month the accountant will repay 600 rubles. (3000 rubles × 20%) by posting on the debit of account 77 “Deferred tax liabilities” and the credit of account 68 sub-account “Calculations for income tax”.
EXAMPLE 3
Deductible temporary differences
The company's balance sheet has production equipment initial cost of 120,000 rubles. For accounting purposes, the useful life of the equipment is 24 months. And in tax accounting, the accountant set a longer period - 40 months. The company put the equipment into operation in November 2014, and in December began accruing depreciation. Its value in accounting will be 5000 rubles. (120,000 rubles / 24 months). And in tax accounting, the amount of monthly depreciation is 3000 rubles. (120,000 rubles: 40 months).
Every month, the accountant will record the deductible temporary difference - 2000 rubles. (5000 - 3000) and form a deferred tax asset by recording:
DEBIT 09 CREDIT 68 sub-account "Calculations for income tax"
- 400 rubles. (RUB 2,000 × 20%) reflects a deferred tax asset.
After 24 months, when the cost of the equipment will be fully expensed in accounting, and for income tax purposes it will still be depreciated, the temporary difference will begin to decrease. And the accountant will monthly repay the deferred tax asset by posting:
DEBIT 68 sub-account "Calculations for income tax" CREDIT 09
- 600 rubles. (RUB 3,000 × 20%) – deferred tax asset repaid.
The company shows tax liabilities and assets in the reporting (see the table below. - Note ed.). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected in the balance sheet (lines , ), and their change - in the income statement. financial results(lines , ). Information on permanent tax assets and liabilities is given for reference in the income statement in line 2421 .
How to reflect permanent and deferred tax assets and liabilities in the financial statements
| Type of asset or liability | How it is reflected in the reporting |
|---|---|
| Deferred tax asset | The balance sheet on line 1180 reflects the balance of account 09. And in the income statement on line 2450, the difference between the debit and credit turnover accounts. If it is positive, the amount is indicated with a “+” sign. And when it is negative - with the sign "-" |
| Deferred tax liability | Line 1420 of the balance shows the balance of account 77. And on line 2430 of the income statement - the difference between the turnover on the credit and debit of account 77. A positive amount is reflected with a "-" sign, a negative one - with a "+" sign |
| Permanent tax asset, permanent tax liability | The difference between PNO and PNA is recorded in line 2421 of the income statement. If the difference turned out to be negative, it must be indicated with a “-” sign. |
ABOUT LECTOR
Sergei Alexandrovich Tarakanov - Advisor to the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation, 2nd class. Graduated from the Modern Humanitarian University (Institute) in 1998. Bachelor of Laws. Until 2003, he worked in various commercial organizations lawyer. From 2003 to the present, he has been working in the Federal Tax Service of Russia (formerly the Ministry of Taxation of Russia), first as a consultant in the Office of the largest taxpayers, now as a head of a department in the Control Department.Conditional income or expense and current income tax
Permanent and temporary differences are needed in order to link profit in accounting and tax accounting. To do this, PBU 18/02 introduces additional concepts - “conditional income tax expense (income)” and “current income tax”.
To calculate the conditional expense, you need to multiply the profit according to accounting data by the tax rate. And if the company received a loss in the reporting period, then the income tax on its amount forms a conditional income. To account for a conditional expense or income, use account 99. The first is reflected by the entry on the debit of account 99 subaccount "Conditional income tax expense" and the credit of account 68 subaccount "Calculations for income tax". And conditional income is accrued by posting on the debit of account 68 subaccount “Calculations for income tax” and the credit of account 99 subaccount “Conditional income for income tax”.
The current income tax is the result of multiplying the profit in tax accounting by the tax rate. This indicator is calculated according to the formula (clause 21 PBU 18/02):
TNP \u003d + (-) Y - PNA + PNO + (-) SHE + (-) IT,
where TNP is the current income tax;
Y - conditional expense or income for income tax.
Due to the existing discrepancies when taking into account expenditure and income items for calculation and for accounting, a discrepancy arises in the size of the amount accrued for payment on profit according to the accounting method and indicated in the tax return.
Definition and occurrence of deferred liabilities
The resulting discrepancy in the accrued tax amount is reflected special reporting(according to the provision of PBU 18/02 for accounting for income tax calculations).
According to PBU, indicators are divided into two types: temporary and permanent. The former include those reflected at one time (period) as costs / receipts and accounted for in a different period for taxation. Indicators of the second type in the form of income or expenses are not taken into account according to the taxable base, but are taken into account according to accounting or vice versa. As a result of the resulting discrepancy in the amount of profit before tax, which is greater in terms of income from accounting methodology accounting than tax, was the emergence of deferred tax liability (IT).
IT represents the deferred portion of income tax that results in an increase in income tax in future temporary reporting periods. These liabilities are recognized in the cycle in which the related temporary differences occur.
IT \u003d Taxable temporary differences * amount of deduction from profit (rate)
The reasons for the formation of temporary differences that are accepted for taxation may be:
- difference in depreciation calculation methods in two accounting options (by taxes, accounting method);
- difference in types of accounting expense transactions: on a cash basis in accounting and on tax method accrual method;
- inconsistency in accounting and taxation methods for reflecting interest payments made by enterprises when using attracted borrowed money(loans, credits);
- rescheduling (postponement) or payment in installments (installment plan) tax payments by profit.
Reflection of deferred tax liabilities in accounting
To display tax deferred liabilities in accounting documentation, the credit of account 77 is used in tandem with the debit of account 68 (for taxes and fees). For reporting on losses and profits, the display is taken into account in line 2430, for the balance sheet - in line 1420.
For your information! Deferred tax liabilities should not be mixed with permanent tax assets. The source for the appearance of the latter is in the resulting constant discrepancies in accounting methods, accounting and tax. In subsequent periods, permanent differences are not subject to disappearance (both taxable and deductible). Fixed assets are associated with the reflection of certain costs in only one accounting method - in the tax one. For example, the depreciation premium for capital investment does not find expression in accounting award, because such a concept does not exist in accounting.
Calculation example 1. The enterprise acquired a production tool worth 750,000 rubles under leasing. with a term of use equal to 7 years. According to accounting, depreciation of the acquisition amounted to 50,000 rubles, according to the tax method - 150,000 rubles, due to a coefficient of 3. Before calculation and taxation, the profit in the first case reached 600,000 rubles, in the second, the taxable base - 500,000 rubles. tax rate on profit - 20%.
The difference between the two depreciation values, amounting to 100,000 rubles. (150,000 rubles - 50,000 rubles), seems to be temporary, since after 7 years the amount will be fully accounted for as depreciated for both accounting methods.
This difference leads to the formation of an IT, equal in the example under consideration to 20,000 rubles. (100,000 rubles * 20%).
The correctness of the calculation must be confirmed by the same amount of tax according to the PBU methodology and in the declaration.
Current tax (PBU) = 100,000 rubles. = tax expense for profit (conditional) - IT = 120,000 rubles. (profit of 600,000 rubles * 20%) - 20,000 rubles.
Profit tax indicated in the declaration = 100,000 rubles. = taxable base of 500,000 rubles. * twenty%.
Write-off of deferred tax liabilities
When the volume of temporary differences decreases, deferred tax liabilities are reduced and written off. The operation is accompanied by posting to the accounts: Dt 77 (“IT”) / Kt 68 (“Tax calculations”).
Calculation example 2. A deferred liability equal to 100,000 rubles was calculated for the entire volume of temporary differences accounted for by the taxable base by the beginning of the period (500,000 rubles). (500,000 rubles * 20%). Recording on the accounts of the operation for the accrual of 100,000 rubles: Dt 68 / Kt 77.
By the end of the reporting period, there was a partial write-off of temporary differences amounting to total amount 200 000 rub. In this connection, accrued deferred liabilities amount to 40,000 rubles. (200,000 rubles * 20%).
The previously accrued deferred amount is subject to write-off in the amount of RUB 60,000. (100,000 rubles - 40,000 rubles). Recording a write-off operation for 60,000 rubles. according to accounts: Dt 77 / Kt 68.
In the event of disposal of the item in connection with which taxable differences were formed, the accrued liability is subject to write-off in full. The operation performed in this case will be recorded using accounts 77 (Dt) and 99 (Kt) (“Profits, losses”).
Calculation example 3. Initial cost the fixed asset recorded on the balance sheet of the company is 1,000,000 rubles. The calculation of depreciation by the end of the accounting period was carried out by different methods and amounted to 300,000 rubles. accounting and 600,000 rubles. on taxable account. The temporary taxable difference on the object in question amounted to 300,000 rubles. (600,000 rubles - 300,000 rubles). Deferred tax amount - 60,000 rubles. (300,000 rubles * 20%).
The accrual of the amount (60,000 rubles) was made by posting to the accounts: Dt 68 / Kt 77.
When selling - selling - a fixed asset, a deferred liability is required to be written off. Write-off operation of 60,000 rubles. according to the accounts it will look like: Dt 77 / Kt 99.
For your information! In the event of a decrease in the income tax rate, deferred liabilities are also subject to write-off, and in the event of an increase in the rate, additional VAT is charged. Posting affects Dt 84 ch. (“Retained earnings”) / Kt 77 sch. When decreasing, reverse posting is performed.
Taking inventory of deferred tax liabilities
For each enterprise, existing liabilities and assets are subject to mandatory inventory to determine the actual presence of objects and compare it with accounting information (Federal Law No. 402, 06.12.2011).
The determination of the actual presence of deferred tax amounts is made by comparing the available information obtained by both accounting methods. Upon receipt of discrepancies between indicators of costs or income, it is required to identify the causes and determine the period of their occurrence.
Account balances 77 can be formed not only due to excess tax costs over accounting or accounting income over taxable income, but also due to errors in past reporting periods resulting from:
- non-recording full repayment IT or abbreviations of its value;
- non-write-off of IT in a situation of disposal of liabilities, assets that served as the basis for accruing the amount;
- records in the form of a temporary, and not a permanent difference between taxable and accounting expenses and receipts.
If the discrepancy discovered during the reconciliation, which led to the appearance of the ONO, exists, then the deferred obligation should be reflected in accounting. If the discovered cause that led to the appearance of IT is later canceled in one of the past periods without reference to IT, then the discrepancy should be recorded in accounting. The registration period is the reporting period in which the inventory was carried out.
The deferred liabilities identified during the target audit can be written off as follows:
- Error writing. Removal of the amount (Dt 77 count / Kt 68 count) is allowed upon detection of a tax liability (for profit) that has not been credited to account 68 and is equal to the value of IT (Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 63, 06/28/2010). In other situations, the adjustment is made by comparison with the balance of profit / loss (account 99) or with the account retained earnings(count 84).
- Write-off of profits of past periods. The method is used when the reasons for the formation and non-writing off from the accounting of deferred liabilities are not detected. IT is written off as the profit of the past periods established in the reporting period (Dt 77 sch. / Kt 99 sch.) on the basis of an order from the management of the enterprise, issued based on the results of the inventory and information from the prepared accounting statement.
For your information! IT is allocated to other income using account 99, but not account 91 (accounting for other costs or income). In the future, there is no influence on the value of income tax from the side of the previously formed temporary difference, therefore, by adjusting the IT, the amount of conditional income on income tax is regulated (Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 94, 10/31/2000). In the same way, the write-off of ITW after the inventory (for other income) is assessed.
Rules for accounting for income and expenses of an enterprise in the process of determining tax base income tax and accounting differ. Row business transactions, produced in the reporting period, lead to discrepancies between the profit calculated according to the accounting rules and the taxable profit of the enterprise. Cases where the profit tax return less than the amount of accounting profit, and the resulting difference will be compensated only in subsequent periods, are called "deferred tax liabilities".
What are deferred tax liabilities
Subject to all the rules for calculating the accounting profit of an enterprise and taxable profit for the same period, situations arise in which profit indicators for taxation and accounting purposes will differ.
The resulting differences are both permanent and temporary. Temporary differences mean that taxable income will be reversed by the amounts of the differences that arose earlier in subsequent periods. Deferred tax liabilities are temporary positive differences that will entail an increase in income tax in subsequent periods, gradually leveling calculated values income tax according to accounting data with income tax payable according to taxation rules.
Causes of Deferred Tax Liabilities
The reason for the emergence of deferred tax liabilities is the accounting rules legally applied by the enterprise, under which the accounting profit in a particular period will differ from taxable profit and the difference will be gradually repaid in subsequent periods. The causes of deferred income tax include:
- applied different ways accounting for depreciation in the calculation of income tax and in accounting;
- recognition of revenue and interest income for taxation on a cash basis, and in accounting - according to the temporal certainty of facts;
- different accounting of interest on credits and loans;
- other similar accounting differences.
The procedure for recording and accounting for deferred tax liabilities
The procedure for accounting for deferred tax liabilities is set out in PBU 18/02 (Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2002 N114n). The purpose of accounting for discrepancies between the actually paid income tax and the estimated (conditional) tax according to accounting data is to comply with the principle of completeness and continuity of accounting.
The obligation to account for the resulting differences is assigned to all enterprises and organizations, except for those to which simplified forms of accounting are applied. Deferred tax liabilities are indicated as part of debt liabilities in the organization's balance sheet (line 1420), as well as in the income statement (line 2430) in the form of a positive or negative difference in the turnover on the accounting accounts that reflect them.
To account for the purposes of accounting, the Chart of Accounts provides for a separate balance sheet account 77; in analytical accounting, liabilities are separately accounted for by types of accounting objects in the valuation of which a taxable difference arose. Deferred tax liabilities are accounted for using the formula:
Temporary difference x Income tax rate effective at the reporting date,
where the temporary difference is calculated as the difference between the entity's accounting profit and taxable profit.
Accounting entries on account 77 reflect the occurrence, movement and departure of deferred tax liabilities.
The procedure for accruing and recording these assets and liabilities is regulated in accordance with the Order "" dated November 19, 2002.
Accounting profit - loss can often differ from taxable. This is because rules for determining the amount of income may apply, which will take into account permanent and temporary differences. Recognition of income occurs through the use of special accounting regulations approved by the legislative system of the Russian Federation on fees and taxes.
Temporary differences can affect the amount of profit or loss in different ways, depending on their nature and impact, they can be classified:
Adjustable temporary differences
This type of difference means the creation of deferred income tax, which will lead to a decrease in the tax base in the next or subsequent reporting periods. In other words, this leads to the formation of IT – a deferred tax asset. To bring accounting movements in order, an account (deferred tax assets) should be used.
When created, the amount of income tax in the accounting period will approach this value only for the tax reporting period. In the following months, it will be possible to carry out full or partial repayment of IT by reducing or increasing conditional income and expenses.
Temporary differences with taxation
Taxable differences in the formation of profit, loss for the calculation of income tax lead to the creation of IT (deferred tax liability). With this method, the taxable base in the reporting period decreases, and for subsequent periods it will increase due to the transfer of payment.
To put in order accounting entries when moving IT, a business account is used (deferred tax liabilities).
In analytical accounting, each temporary difference must be accounted for individually depending on the group of assets or liabilities. Simply put, all deferred tax liabilities cannot be summed up in general and lead to one single netting.
What threatens to refuse the application of the Order?
This accounting regulation may not apply in non-profit organizations or as part of a small business. Many accountants confidently do not want to use this Order. They consider it confusing, incomprehensible and difficult to understand. Therefore, we have to figure out possible consequences ignoring PBU.
In cases where a company refuses to apply RAS, it loses the possibility of full or partial non-payment of income tax in the reporting period. It is likely that in this case tax service will file claims against the management and accounting department of the enterprise for gross violations and incorrect accounting entries.
For a responsible person, this can result in a punishment in the form of a fine of 15 thousand rubles. Also, the control authorities can apply a fine for an administrative violation in the range of 2-3 thousand rubles. All such penalties can reach 10% of the payment of the total distorted picture in accounting.
In all other cases, when PBU is applied in full and legally, possible errors can be completely avoided in both tax and accounting. Guided by this order, most accountants do an excellent job of finding inaccuracies and errors associated with the determination of certain taxes and payments. It also helps to deal with the moments and terms of recognition of income and expenses in the reporting period.
The main postings on 77 and 09 accounts during the formation of IT and IT
| Account Dt | Account Kt | Wiring Description | Posting amount | A document base |
| 68 | Deferred tax asset accrual entry | Amount that increases conditional income or expense | Accounting reference-calculation, declaration, | |
| 68 | Full or partial write-off of SHE | The amount of repayment of a previously formed SHE | Bank statement, payment order | |
| 68 |
