This article will talk about deposits (accounts) of minors citizens registered by parents, grandparents or guardians, as well as on deposits (accounts) of minors citizens, issued by them independently. That is, about issuing a passbook for a child or a debit card. The current generation of young people is showing more and more interest in finance, including the opening of bank deposits for minors. "Porcelain piggy banks" in the form of cats, in which children adored putting their money 40-50 years ago, today's youth are no longer attracted, give them a bank deposit, and even with a high income in the form of interest. And rightly so, the pace of life has changed, and underage citizens should be able to work with banks from childhood, they should be able to open bank deposits, sign agreements for opening an account, draw up a savings book or a bank debit card, that is, they should be able to count and rationally manage their savings .
Today deposits (accounts) by minors or minors themselves usually open:
- To enroll them in scholarships, grants or salaries;
- To store funds sent by parents for education (to other regions);
- To accumulate funds for future needs (study, apartment, car, etc.);
- For payment of allowances or alimony, etc.
The Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Civil Code of the Russian Federation) dated January 26, 1996 N 14-FZ establishes the periods of human life during which minor citizens pass from one phase of legal capacity to another. Their rights are also defined there. These three periods of life and capacity:
- legal capacity of minors This is under 14 years of age. According to paragraph 1 of Art. 28 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for minors under the age of fourteen (minors), transactions can be made on their behalf only by their parents, adoptive parents or guardians. The law allows minor transactions of minors, which, however, do not relate to working with banks;
- partial capacity minors - occurs at the age of 14 to 18 years. According to paragraph 1 and Art. 26 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, minors aged fourteen to eighteen years old make transactions with the written consent of their legal representatives - parents, adoptive parents or guardian. However, on the basis of paragraph 2 of the same article 26 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, minor citizens aged from fourteen to eighteen years has the right to independently, without the consent of parents, adoptive parents and guardian, dispose of their earnings, scholarships and other income, as well as make deposits in credit institutions and dispose of them;
- full legal capacity occurs when a citizen reaches the age of 18, which is enshrined in paragraph 1 of Art. 21 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Sometimes the full legal capacity of a citizen can be declared upon reaching the age of 16. This is allowed in accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 27, when a minor works under an employment contract, including under a contract, or with the consent of his parents, adoptive parents or guardian is engaged in entrepreneurial activity. The decision on legal capacity from the age of 16 is taken by the guardianship and guardianship authorities (with the consent of both parents, adoptive parents or guardian) or by a court decision.
Making a bank deposit (account)
Taking into account the observance of the requirements of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the registration of deposits by banks is carried out in the following order:- deposits in the name of minor citizens, before they reach the age of 14, are opened by parents and other depositors (grandparents, guardians, etc.), for which they need to have a passport (or other identity document), as well as child's birth certificate.
- deposits in the name of minors, aged 14 to 18, are opened by parents and other depositors (grandparents, guardians, etc.), or minors themselves. To open a deposit and receive a passbook, a minor depositor presents a passport, and other depositors present their passports (or other identification documents), as well as the passport details of the depositor or a copy of the passport of the citizen for whom the deposit is being opened.
Closing a deposit (account) in a bank
Deposits of minor investors can be closed in the following order:- up to 14 years - his legal representative (parent, adoptive parent, foster parent, guardian). To perform this operation, in accordance with applicable law, a representative's passport, a savings book of a minor citizen are presented to the bank, and, in addition, banks sometimes require them to provide them with a written prior permission from the guardianship and guardianship authority;
- from 14 to 18 years old - the deposit is closed by the depositor himself, i.e. minor citizen. To complete a transaction, a passport, a bank deposit agreement and a savings book for the deposit of a minor citizen are required, in addition, banks sometimes require the written consent of one of the parents and the written permission of the guardianship and guardianship authority;
- after the age of 18 - further disposal of the deposit, i.e. its closing by the depositor is already carried out independently, even if the deposit was opened at a young age by the representative of the child.
Debit transactions on a deposit (account)
If the contribution of a minor citizen provides for debit transactions, then the funds from the account can be used by:- until the depositor reaches the age of 14 - the legal representatives (parents) of the minor depositor. The passbook issued in the name of the child is kept by legal representatives. V this case banks sometimes require written prior permission from the guardianship authorities;
- from 14 to 18 years old - the depositor performs debit operations on the deposit independently. However, many banks process the issuance of funds taking into account the following:
- amounts of wages, scholarships, amounts transferred and paid in cash by the depositor himself, interest on the deposit are issued to the minor himself without additional permissions;
- amounts of pensions, allowances, alimony, insurance, inheritance amounts, etc., amounts transferred, as well as paid in cash by third parties, including legal representatives, are issued to the depositor with the written prior permission of the guardianship and guardianship authorities and the written consent of one of the parents
- Starting from the age of 18, the depositor has the right to independently carry out credit and debit operations on the account.
Question: My parents opened a deposit in the name of my eight-year-old daughter. Can I manage the funds on the deposit account? When will my daughter be able to manage the deposit herself?Answer: Any of the parents can receive money from a deposit opened in the name of a minor under the age of 14 upon presentation of their passport and written permission from the guardianship and guardianship authority. When a child reaches the age of 14, he has the right to dispose of the deposit himself upon presentation of his passport, the written permission of the guardianship and guardianship authority and the written permission of one of the parents. When the child reaches the age of 18, the depositor may independently dispose of the deposit.
From all of the above, one question arises, why banks in their consultations voice the requirement to provide them with a written prior permission from the guardianship and guardianship authority, as well as the written consent of one of the parents to use the funds on the deposits of minor citizens, while this is not prescribed by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation? I think that such a requirement of banks is based on Article 37 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Federal Law No. 48-FZ of April 24, 2008 “On guardianship and guardianship” and the Family Code of the Russian Federation of December 29, 1995 N 223-FZ, and applies to children who are under guardianship and guardianship.
Thus, paragraph 1 of Article 31 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation determines that guardianship and guardianship are established to protect the rights and interests of incapacitated or not fully capable citizens. And in paragraph 2 of the same article it is said that guardianship and guardianship of minors are established in the absence of parents, adoptive parents, deprivation of parental rights by the court, as well as in cases where such citizens are left without parental care for other reasons, in particular when parents evade their upbringing or protection of their rights and interests.
And in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, a procedure is introduced for guardians in which: “The income of the ward, including the amount of alimony, pensions, benefits and other social benefits, as well as income due to the ward from the management of his property, with the exception of income that the ward has the right to dispose of independently, are spent by the guardian or trustee solely in the interests of the ward and with the prior permission of the guardianship and guardianship authority.
When making bank deposits for minors under the age of 14 (i.e. a passbook for a child), parents, grandparents, guardians and adoptive parents should remember the following:
- When using the funds of a minor (closing a bank deposit or expense transactions by deposit) posted even by you on bank deposit, prior permission from the guardianship and guardianship authority will be required, since banks are not authorized to independently qualify the depositor under Article 31 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
- Today, there are practically no types of deposits for children in banks that are issued before the age of majority and for a long period, so you can choose any deposit that is acceptable under the conditions, but it is better without the condition of partial withdrawal. Interest rates on deposits from which you can make partial withdrawal funds are usually lower.
- Today, banks offer deposits for a short period of 1 to 3, maximum 5 years, but at the time of prolongation of the deposit for new term the interest rate may change downward or this type of deposit may be completely closed by the bank. Therefore, the deposit must be monitored by checking the interest rate according to this species contribution at the time of prolongation and the very commission of the prolongation. And if the rate does not suit you, but more profitable types of deposits have appeared, then the funds can be transferred to another type of deposit with higher interest rates.
birth certificate (or passport for a teenager
document of the parent (guardian) issuing the account.
You can issue a card for a child in Sberbank for children who are already 7 years old. With this card, you will be able to fully control the expenses of the child, set limits for him and at the same time you will not have to worry that the child will sow money.
In order for you to be issued a children's card at Sberbank, come to any branch, take your passport and birth certificate of the child. The card will be issued within 2 weeks.
Deposit account for a child open any of parents, or his legal representative.
To open an account, please contact with passport and birth certificate to the branch of the savings bank.
Not only parents have the right to replenish this account.
When a child reaches the age of 14, he will be able to replenish the account and withdraw interest on his own, without the permission of his parents.
But the owner will be able to fully dispose of the deposit when he reaches 18 years of age.
In order to open an account with Sberbank for an individual, you need to have an identity document, preferably a passport, and since you want to open an account for a child, then, of course, documents for a child.
Opening an account is very easy. You need a child's birth certificate and an adult's passport. Such a need arises if the child, for example, is the recipient of a survivor's pension. Money is withdrawn from such an account with the permission of the guardianship authorities.
And up to 14 years and after, all actions related to the withdrawal of money from the account of a minor occur through the guardianship authorities.
If you mean opening a savings account for a child in a bank, then the opening procedure is no different from the usual one, but a birth certificate must be added to the documents. It can be opened by parents or grandmothers or other relatives.
This service is available if your child is over seven years old.
The card is an excellent option not only in case of loss of the wallet (after all, the card can always be quickly blocked and the amount saved on it, but you can’t return the lost paper money), but it will also allow you to control all the expenses of your child, if you also attach a debit notification to your phone.
So, the card is issued fourteen days after the date of application. For filling necessary documents at the bank office, you must take your personal passport with you, as well as the birth certificate of the child for whom the card will be issued.
If we are talking about an account not of a card, but of a deposit, then it is also available for opening. You will need the same documents as for registration credit card and also your TIN.
In Sberbank, you can open any deposit in the name of the child (for example, Replenish), except for the pension. Deposits do not need to be extended by yourself, because they prolong themselves. The child will be able to withdraw money from him when he reaches the age of 14 with your permission, and up to 14 years of age with the permission of the guardianship authorities. To do this, it is enough to come with identification documents to any branch of Sberbank.
Also, before the child reaches the age of 18, you can, if you change your mind, withdraw money yourself, as a depositor.
In order to open an account with Sberbank for a child, you must present your passport and the child's birth certificate to the bank. The contract is concluded for a period of 3 years with automatic renewal. The minimum deposit amount is 1000 rubles. This contribution is replenishable. The current interest rate is 6%. During the validity period, the interest rate does not change. The rate may change upon renewal. It should be noted that this contribution can only be received by a child upon reaching the age of majority.
It is not clear what account we are talking about and how old the child is. If you open a current account, then most likely it will not work. If you put a deposit on a child, then if the child is under 14, you can, you need to come with your passport and his birth certificate. But he can only handle it with your permission, since at the age of 14 he is not fully capable. There are a number of nuances in each case.
It depends on what kind of account you plan to open. If you mean a regular savings account (on demand or urgent), then you will need:
The first deposits for children in their classical sense began to be offered by Sberbank back in the early eighties. Their popularity waned for a while. Today, again, many turn to the bank in order to open a deposit for a child. The purpose of such deposits is usually to provide the child with personal capital at the time of majority, a major purchase, such as housing, tuition fees, etc.
Design features
Any adult can make a targeted contribution in the name of a child. Often this is done by parents, as well as grandparents. For its registration, you must contact the bank with a passport and birth certificate of the child. The bank can offer both a regular savings deposit and a special program.
Programs until the age of majority of the child are not popular, except in situations where this date is no more than five years away. On average, deposits in the name of a child are concluded for a period of five to six years.
If the purpose of investing funds is to save up for some purchase or to pay for tuition, you should choose agreements with the possibility of replenishment and payment of interest at the end of the term. Also it is profitable to make deposits with auto-prolongation and interest capitalization. Before signing the contract, the investor should pay attention to the conditions for automatic prolongation. It is better to renew the contract at the rate that is current at the time of renewal, and not at the original rate. Otherwise, the depositor may find himself in a situation where the average market rate will be much higher.
A child can open a deposit on his own after reaching the age of 14. In addition to an identity document, written permission from the parent to open an account must be presented.
An additional advantage of opening a deposit in the name of the child is that these funds cannot become a subject of dispute in the event of dissolution of the parents' marriage.
Service features
The depositor himself or a child can replenish the account, provided that he is already 14 years old. If the deposit provides for a partial withdrawal, then a minor child can independently withdraw only those funds that he personally deposited.
How to close a deposit?
The procedure for receiving the deposit and interest depends on the age of the child on that date. The deposit is usually opened for such a period that the expiration date of the contract is later than the age of majority.
According to the Civil Code Russian Federation, the following age groups are distinguished: minors - up to 14 years old, minors - from 14 to 18 years old, adults - over 18 years old.
Up to 14 years of age in cash can only be disposed of by the person who opened the account. He can withdraw the funds on his own upon the expiration of the contract or ahead of schedule, if the deposit provides for such an opportunity.
After 14 years there comes a partial legal capacity and the child can to some extent manage the money. To receive money, he must apply with an identity document to a bank branch. Many credit institutions require written permission from the person who opened the deposit.
If the person who deposited the funds wants to terminate it until the age of majority, then in some banks he will be asked for permission from the guardianship and guardianship authorities. This rule is not expressly stated in Civil Code, but financial institutions do not want to take responsibility.
After reaching adulthood, the person in whose name the deposit was opened has the right to pick it up on his own. To do this, you must present a passport and contract.
Where to apply?
Before placing funds, you need to make sure that financial institution included in the deposit insurance system. This will ensure that at the end of the contract the child will receive his funds. Just do not place in one bank, taking into account all the replenishment and capitalization of interest, an amount of more than 1,400,000 rubles.
Sberbank offers a deposit "Top up", which can be opened by the parent or legal representative of the child. You can issue it at a bank branch, and replenishment is available through the Sberbank Online Internet bank or mobile app. It is worth noting that online replenishment occurs according to the bank details, the account status is not displayed in the system. Full withdrawal of the deposit before the child reaches the age of majority is possible only with the permission of the guardianship and guardianship authorities. From the age of 14, the child has the right to replenish the deposit himself, as well as the accrued interest.
The bank currently offers following conditions:
- Interest rate:
- US dollars and Euro - from 0.01%;
- rubles - from 5%.
- Placement term - from 1 year.
- Capitalization of interest is possible.
Coalmetbank offers customers who want to open a deposit in the name of minor child, the program "Investment in the Future". Money can only be placed in Russian rubles The conditions are as follows:
- The minimum amount is 1000 rubles.
- Interest rate - 9% per annum.
- Additional contributions - at least 1000 rubles one-time (additions are not accepted if less than 90 days are left until the end of the contract).
- The placement period is 369 days, while the contract can be automatically extended up to 10 times.
Zenit Bank has a "Children's" deposit. A deposit can be opened in favor of any person who has not reached the age of majority, with whom there is a family relationship. Relationship must be documented. The person who places the funds can determine the age of the child, after which he has the right to access the money (but not earlier than 14 years).
The bank accepts funds on the following terms:
- The minimum amount is 15,000 rubles, 500 US dollars, 500 Euros.
- Interest rate:
- US dollars - 0.75%;
- euro - from 6.5%;
- rubles - from 5%.
- Additional contributions - at least 3000 rubles / 500 US dollars / 500 Euros one-time (additions are not accepted if less than 30 days are left until the end of the contract).
- Deposit term - from 181 to 731 days with the possibility of automatic prolongation.
I was interested in the question of how it is possible to open a deposit for a child in Sberbank of Russia? We will consider it today in our article, and also tell you about those options that are most beneficial in terms of their conditions.
Today, many parents, taking care of the future of their child, begin to set aside their free funds in advance in order to increase and preserve them. Until your daughter or son turns 18, he will not be able to withdraw the money deposited into the account, from the age of 14 it becomes possible to replenish, but more on that later.
What should be done?
On the this moment in Sberbank, you can issue almost any deposit program, the most important thing is to take your passport, as well as a document confirming the relationship with the child. This can be his birth certificate or passport if he is already 14 years old.
All you need to do is just come to the nearest branch of this banking company, choose the appropriate deposit option, provide documents for study and sign an agreement. For registration, the parent's passport and the child's birth certificate are usually required. After that, you deposit the required amount, and the deposit will be opened.
Until the child's 14th birthday, parents can manage the money in the account, with the permission of special authorities. After the age of 14, the child can manage them independently, with the permission of the parents or the same authorities.
He gets full control at the age of 18.
What are the deposit options?
Many of our readers are faced with the problem of choosing a program, because. Today there are more than 10 of them. We suggest you consider several categories:
- A contribution marked 0+, i.e. it can be issued from the birth of the baby. One option is offered - the “Replenish” deposit, the rate is from 3.2% to 3.85% per year. You can open with a small contribution of 1000 rubles, you can do additional contributions on account. Will act monthly capitalization, we are talking about this service. It is noteworthy that any relatives who have a Russian passport can deposit money into the account. Withdrawal of funds in emergency cases is possible only with the permission of the guardianship authorities. Already from the age of 14, the child will be able to replenish the account or withdraw accrued interest, but full access he will receive money only at the age of 18. Registration takes place exclusively in bank branches;
- Deposits marked 14+ are already offered for young people who could find a part-time job, or receive pocket money that they would like to set aside for the implementation of any goal. The teenager himself opens an account and draws up an agreement. The conditions are the same, but interest is charged monthly. You can withdraw money only at the branch, and if one of the relatives wants to receive it, then this is possible only with the permission of the guardianship authorities;
- "Social" is a special savings account for orphans left without parental care. It can be issued only in departments, while the contribution is made in the name of the orphan by a representative upon presentation of an act of the guardianship and guardianship authority. It should say about the establishment of guardianship or the placement of the child in a special social institution. The following features apply here: any amounts from 1 ruble are accepted with the possibility of replenishment and partial withdrawal. The contract is valid for 3 years, the interest is 3.35% per year, accrual occurs quarterly through capitalization. Auto-renewal is provided, the number of extensions is not limited.
If you have a registered office in your name debit card, you can additionally order a children's card for it, which your child will use from the age of 7. A limit of money will be set for him, which he will be able to use from the general account. More details can be found in
If there are already 14 years old
If your child already has a card "Youth", then with its help it is possible to make a deposit via the Internet in the "" system, while you will be offered increased profitability. He will be able to independently open a Deposit "Replenish Online" or "Manage Online".
Amounts from 1000 rubles are accepted, additional funds are allowed both from the depositor himself and from third parties (for example, relatives). You can withdraw money and interest only at a branch of Sberbank. Full conditions are described on the official website of the bank at the link sberbank.ru/ru/person/sberbank-youth/deposit.
At the same time, there are certain restrictions that will apply to minor citizens of Russia:
Any parent tries to prepare some kind of material base for his child by the age of majority. The best tool for such preparation is to make a contribution for a child under 18 years old. Sberbank offers its customers a very convenient program for savings in the name of minors, and upon reaching a certain age, the child himself can start a savings tool. Let's analyze the proposals of Sberbank in more detail.
Features and benefits of children's deposits in Sberbank
Only his legal representative (either one of the parents, or a trustee or guardian) can issue a funded product in the name of a child at Sberbank. At the same time, please note that, despite the fact that it will be you who will open the deposit, you will not see this product in your bank's web office or in the Mobile application. Formally, the young client will be considered its owner. If, upon reaching the age of 14, he himself becomes a client of Sberbank, the deposit you opened will be displayed in his remote financial management cabinets.
Important! Anyone can replenish the account - both relatives of its owner and third parties. You can do this in cash through the RKO of Sberbank or by transfers via the Internet.
To dispose of the amounts accumulated on the product in question, the following restrictions apply:
- Until the 14th birthday of the depositor, only his parents can withdraw funds from the account and only upon presentation of a written consent to this operation from the guardianship authorities;
- partial withdrawal of savings is not provided;
- A 14-year-old teenager can withdraw accumulated interest from the account, as well as perform replenishment operations;
- upon reaching the age of majority, the child receives the right to full disposal of the accumulated money.
Important! These restrictions are established by law and cannot be canceled by the bank.
Types of deposits per child
In addition to such a product as a child deposit, Sberbank has several other offers financial instruments for minors. From a certain age, young clients can draw them up on their own.
Deposit up to 18 years
Parents can open a deposit in the name of the baby at any time. Sberbank has prepared a special Replenishment tariff plan for this (children's version). Its main characteristics are:
- savings can be made in Russian rubles or US dollars;
- the term of the deposit is from 3 months to 3 years;
- the prolongation of the product will be carried out by the bank automatically, until the child turns 18;
- interest rates on the deposit vary, depending on its volume and terms of storage of funds;
- the increase in the rate occurs automatically upon reaching the appropriate threshold for the amount or validity period.
At the current moment (summer 2018), the percentage range for this product ranges from 3.2 to 3.85% with savings in rubles. For dollar deposits, the rates will be in the range of 0.05–0.95% per annum.
Sberbank card from 7 years old
If parents have the goal of not only accumulating a certain amount by the age of their child, but also teaching the young investor how to use money, they can create a personal account for him. bank card. This is possible from the moment the baby turns 7 years old. The conditions for using the payment instrument are as follows:
- the card is opened as an additional one to the account of one of the parents;
- plastic will be nominal, and if desired, also with individual design;
- the cost of the card will depend on the type of the main tariff;
- parents can set limits on spending money on a child card;
- the child will have the right to withdraw cash from the plastic account, as well as pay them at retail outlets.
Important! The card will be displayed in the parents' internet bank. All accounts and deposits linked to it, in fact, will belong to adults, and not to a young client.
Sberbank card from the age of 14
As soon as a teenager turns 14, he can get a card at Sberbank at a youth rate. Such a card can be used to receive scholarships, prizes for olympiads and competitions, social payments, etc. Among other things, a teenager can independently open a contribution to the card at the following rates:
- Replenish Online;
- Manage Online.
Opening a deposit in this case is possible through the web account or Sber mobile application. Written parental consent is not required. A young person can replenish savings in any way. But the following restrictions will apply to withdrawals before reaching the age of majority:
- you can withdraw cash from the deposit only at the bank office;
- own funds- prizes, scholarships, wages, personal contributions, etc. - a teenager can withdraw without restrictions;
- contributions to the deposit made by third parties, as well as funds received from social benefits, can only be withdrawn by providing the bank with permission from the guardianship authorities.
Upon reaching the age of majority by the investor, all these restrictions will be lifted. And the card itself, as well as the deposit, the client will be able to use until the age of 25.
Targeted contribution for children
There are no special tools for the formation of targeted savings in the name of the child in the bank we are considering. However, a deposit for a child in Sberbank can be closed with a full withdrawal of the amount if the parents have any ideas on how to spend it (as a down payment for mortgage apartment, to buy a computer for the child's studies, to pay for his graduation, etc.). But for this, parents will have to coordinate their goals with the guardianship authorities at the place of residence, and present their written consent to the bank.
Important! Consent is issued in free form.
How to make a deposit
To make a deposit in the name of a minor, one of his parents will have to visit a branch of Sberbank. You must have with you:
- the passport;
- child's birth certificate.
After the conclusion of the contract, the deposit must be replenished by the amount of the minimum contribution through the cashier financial organization. To manage the product, as a rule, a savings book is issued.
Are there deposit compensations?
Like all savings products of Sberbank, children's deposits are insured. On the onset insured event the depositor (or his legal representatives) will be paid the lost amount of savings. Depending on the opening date of the account, its maximum size is:
- 700 thousand rubles – for products introduced before December 29, 2014;
- RUB 1,400 thousand - for invoices issued after the specified deadline.
Important! Data on insurance payments is current at the time of writing, and may change over time.
conclusions
The main children's deposit of Sberbank allows you to create savings in the name of a child of any age, up to the age of majority. Moreover, the whole family can participate in savings - the bank does not set restrictions on replenishing a child's account. But the expenditure of funds is possible only by one of the parents and only after agreement with the guardianship authorities. This means that the baby's savings, especially taking into account insurance, will be protected very reliably until his 18th birthday.
