Experimental house in Northern Chertanovo, 6
Peculiarities:
some of the apartments are two-storey
underground garage with a tunnel leading directly to the street
pneumatic waste removal system
Denis Romodin,sovarch.ru : “There are no streets in this area, only numbers of buildings and buildings. This is one of the first experimental projects in Northern Chertanovo, it appeared in the late seventies on the site of collective farm arable land. The filling was unimaginably luxurious for that time: giant halls were arranged on the floors, it was possible to go down to the underground garage by elevator, some of the apartments were made two-story, and European heating systems were installed everywhere. The apartments were partially equipped with furniture from Czechoslovakia. There were also vacuum garbage chutes here: all the waste fell into the tunnel, and from it the garbage was blown several times a day into a special storage facility on the outskirts of the district. Mostly high-ranking employees of the Likhachev plant settled in this house.
The free development of the area assumed that the inhabitants of the apartments would be able to enjoy sunbathing
How is life really here?
Alexey Lysov, musician:“We got an apartment in Severnoye Chertanovo after my parents wrote a convincing letter to party officials. Mom generally knows how to eat the brain, and she pity someone there: a large family vegetates in a country house behind Krylatsky. That's how we ended up here. These apartments have a completely anti-Soviet, bourgeois layout: we, for example, initially had a dressing room. And on the first floor for young mothers, a stroller was provided.
Alexey Lysov in a family apartment on the 12th floor
But the main thing here, of course, is the curious views. In the house opposite, for example, a prolific artist lives, his canvases on the easel are constantly changing - in the evening you can see them. And in the neighborhood there used to be a man who every morning went out onto the balcony completely naked and kicked a pear. Every day he practiced the same movement. There is also a sports complex nearby, where fencing champions trained before the Moscow Olympics. All sorts of important sports people still come across here. Once I witnessed a suicide: an aunt, the wife of a football player, stood all day on the ledge of the ninth floor. Firefighters arrived with a ladder, but they did not have time to remove it, it jumped. Well, in the end, from here you can admire the forest in which the Bitsa maniac hunted.
The plants in this house are not only in the halls - the residents set up lush gardens on the balconies
Another important feature of this house is the huge balconies, there are two of them in our apartment. At first, my parents were afraid that we would all fall into it, because during the construction they were not glazed. My father made something himself, now it all looks pretty dumb. But it is very expensive to do everything professionally: for the glazing of two such terraces, you need to pay half a million rubles at once. Another problem is fires, on these wide cornices many people plant all sorts of flowers and grow wattle. In autumn, the plants dry up, and if someone throws a cigarette butt on top, it will definitely blaze.
On the balconies in this house you can not only store interesting items, but also sleep
I don’t know how it is in other areas, but here everyone knows each other. A whole generation of young people grew up in two local schools - after all, they began to settle in Severnoye Chertanovo in 1980, and all the children grew up together. Gangs formed all the time in our buildings. Members of the most reckless of them, from the seventh houses, once climbed into the attic into the elevator shaft and cut off the cabins with gas shears - both cargo and passenger. One cabin stopped, and the second flew from the 24th floor to the very bottom: it blew half the entrance in general. Here, by the way, there is also amazing acoustics: you sit by the window and hear in detail how someone twelve floors below is talking on the phone. And car alarms are very annoying: one will work - and it echoes throughout the area. Once I was returning home from the center with a friend on a moped. And we, like fools, rode with him, tore off the muffler along the way - and the moped immediately became like an airplane. It's just unrealistic. We drove into the area, it was hell: three in the morning, we had already turned off the engine, we were coasting, and once something rolled through the bushes. I wonder what it is? Look - an ashtray. It turns out that some crazy person throws himself at us! And again something falls: this time - a dumbbell. We grabbed the scooter and ran to the entrance.
Casa Sperimentale (Experimental House) - the residence of the architect Giuseppe Perugini - fully justifies its name. The building, built in the late 1960s, is an unusual eclectic combination of brutal geometric structures, rotating shapes, transparent cubes and multi-level interior spaces. About what this experiment was inspired by, why evil tongues called it "Architectural Frankenstein", and how fair this assessment is, read in our article.
Recently, brutalist architecture, which flourished in the 1950s and 1970s, has received increasing attention from architects, who again often use concrete as the main building material. In studying the heritage of brutalism, architects are often helped by modern photographers, and their fresh look at forgotten or little-known architectural monuments.
So, thanks to a report by photographer and urban explorer Oliver the Astrologer, the architectural world has again drawn attention to one of the most unusual buildings of brutalism - the house of the architect Giuseppe Perugini, located in the Italian city of Fregen. The architect built this building in the late 1960s to experiment with form and space on a 1:1 scale. The photographer deliberately placed people in the interiors to convey a sense of scale and emphasize the contrasting textures of metal, glass and concrete that make up Perugini's cacophony.
Like any experiment, criticism met the project ambiguously. Some saw in it only an imitation of the bizarre geometry of the works of Paul Rudolph, combined with the modernism of Le Corbusier. But the majority of experts reacted favorably to the project, noting the original finds of the architect.
Thanks to its construction and, first of all, to the exoskeleton made of steel beams, the building seems to be hanging on the tall trees that surround it, thanks to which the archetype of the "nest" is played out, that is, a safe place where you can retire from the outside world and recuperate. The building's main beams are flanked by secondary beams located above and below the modules, supporting the weight through special cruciform elements made of red painted steel. The staircase leading to the house can be raised at any moment, like the gates of a castle, if the inhabitants want to completely protect themselves from the outside world. The facades have ledges and recesses where lamps or various hollow elements are located. This square architecture is softened by the spherical elements of the facades.
Unfortunately, since 1995, after the death of Giuseppe Perugini, the house has been completely abandoned, its walls are covered with graffiti, and the window openings are often empty, despite this building is still up for sale. But so far it attracts only tourists and photographers.
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Residential complex on Nizhegorodskaya street, 11b is a joint project of the Government of Moscow and RUSNANO, implemented by Terra Auri. The house was built according to an individual project, as a prototype for future mass series of new generation residential buildings. It uses advanced materials and technologies that are designed to increase energy efficiency, reduce operating costs over the life cycle of a building, and at the same time improve occupant comfort.
The three-section 14-storey house was built using about three dozen of the latest technological solutions. During the construction process, composite reinforcement was used, which withstands heavy loads, does not conduct heat and does not corrode.
Steel structures are protected by an external reinforcement system and thermal spraying. The facade of the building has a modern look with original color schemes. Convenient planning solutions, the availability of the necessary infrastructure, a landscaped area, underground parking and guest parking make the house as attractive and comfortable as possible for living.
The bright, multi-colored facade of the building is made on the basis of a hinged ventilated structure and is lined with LTM fiber cement boards. Cynop-coated boards were used, covering a board area of about 10,000 sq.m.
Alpica was engaged in the design and installation of the hinged ventilated facade structure. The facade is implemented on the Grado-STC subsystem.
The general designer, technical customer and general contractor of the building is CJSC "Terra Auri".
The facade architecture competition Facade Innovations Awards 2017 was held as part of the Facade Innovation Forum 2017, April 25-26, in Moscow, at the Danilovsky EventHALL.
EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRUCTION. Financing of objects
experimental construction
Pilot construction based on
the results of the conducted N.-and. and design work in order to verify the accepted
tech. solutions to improve existing and create new buildings and
structures for various purposes. In the process of experimental construction
and during subsequent operation, new
space-planning, constructive and technological. decisions, tricks
planning and building prom. nodes, cities, page - x. complexes, etc. experimental
construction can also be carried out in order to pre-test new
methods of construction and installation work, new forms of organization and management of construction,
production, etc. The objects of experimental construction can be
otd. prom., residential, social., S.-x. buildings or special structures (dams,
bridges, road sections, engineering networks, etc.), as well as groups of buildings,
concentrated in prom. node, microdistrict, residential area, etc.
Projects intended for for experimental construction,
contain fundamentally new technical solutions, application to-rykh in mass
building must ensure the achievement of a high level of industrialization,
reducing the time and reducing the cost of building, increasing the exploitation. and
architectural qualities of buildings and structures (see Experimental
design). Design and estimate documentation for E. with. approved
Gosstroy of the USSR. Financing of experimental construction objects
is carried out at the expense of the general funds allocated for capital construction.
The exception is objects intended for subsequently for destruction at
their testing or disassembly (i.e., not replenishing fixed assets), financing
to-rykh is carried out at the expense of state funds. budget allocated for
n.-i. works. During the period of building n.-and. and design organizations that developed
project documentation, carry out methodical. management of work on special
program that defines the purpose, objectives and conditions for conducting E.s. Experimental objects
construction after construction are accepted into operation by the state. acceptance
commissions in the prescribed manner.
After the completion of the experimental construction and
conducting field surveys org-tion, carried out methodological. management
experiment, is scientific and technical. report, in which clarified
techno-economic indicators, conclusions are drawn and proposals are made and
recommendations. Positive results E. page. used for
improvement of existing standard designs and structures and development
new. On this basis, changes are also made to the regulatory documents on
design and construction. In order to ensure a unified technical policies in
areas of construction of the main. tasks for E. s. annually (since 1963) included
Gosstroy of the USSR in the plan of the most important n.-and. works and implementation of achievements of science and
equipment in construction, approved by the Council of Ministers of the USSR as part of the Union
development plan x-va. Compared with conventional construction, providing E. with.
material and technical resources are carried out on a priority basis;
financing of the construction is carried out according to the consolidated budget and financial calculations (and
not according to estimates compiled according to working drawings); in the budget and financial calculations
additionally, the costs associated with the manufacture and testing of prototypes are included
structures and equipment, the cost of providing technical. help, natural
observations, etc. In addition, in accordance with the Decree of the State. committee
Council of Ministers of the USSR on labor and wages and the Secretariat
All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated July 4, 1963 construction and installation organizations, in the program of which more than 50%
constitute work on the objects of electrical engineering, included in the plan for new technology, according to
remuneration of management and engineering and technical. workers assigned to one
group above, and time workers directly involved in the implementation
works on E. e., are awarded for high-quality and early completion
tasks in the amount of up to 40% of the tariff rate.
Experimental construction of residential buildings in Moscow,
Kyiv, Leningrad and a number of other cities revealed more correct principles
development of cities, residential districts and microdistricts, new types of residential buildings with
increased improvement, made it possible to check their constructive and
space-planning solutions, etc.
E. s. in Moscow (in Novye Cheryomushki) lanternless prom.
buildings with a flat roof made it possible to outline the main. ways to improve
design solutions; accepted for the construction of this object, the project of production of works
formed the basis of a standard project for the organization of the construction of buildings of this type.
Aalto started designing this small summer house for himself in 1949. During the design and construction process, the house became a playground for experiments and a laboratory of ideas in the field of architecture, materials and philosophy. In particular, the themes of a building without foundations, freedom of form, unusual brick structures and brick as a building material and architectural element were explored.
The greatest variety of manufacturing technologies
(hence, species) exists in the second group, that is, the group of building
cement blocks.
Lightweight concretes are most commonly used in building construction.
differ among themselves in the brand of cement, the composition of the filler, the composition
heat insulating component. And already depending on these characteristics, you can
select cellular concretes, where air or gas gases serve as thermal insulation
bubbles, and blocks where expanded clay, wood chips or
foam balls. However, in order…
Brick: pros and cons
Yes, the brick is strong
frost-resistant, not afraid of fungus and does not rot. He is not afraid
precipitation and does not burn, solar ultraviolet does not have any effect on the brick
influence. The brick is durable, and also meets all environmental and
aesthetic standards. The strength of the house is due both to the quality of the material and
masonry method - each next laid row of bricks knits the previous one, then
yes, there are no vertical seams passing through at least two rows.
And one moment. The cost of brick production is not less than
than one and a half times, more expensive than the production of other materials, of which
erect walls. Considering that a brick is several times smaller than any other
building block, the complexity of construction increases significantly. Together
the price and laboriousness make a brick house quite expensive.
Properties of cellular concrete
The duration of the construction of experimental facilities should
be determined by the construction organization project in accordance with
approved by the State Construction Committee of the USSR norms for the duration of construction
enterprises, buildings and structures.
In cases where, under the conditions of experimental construction
longer than those established by the specified standards are necessary,
deadlines, ministries and departments should agree on the duration
construction of an experimental facility with Gosstroy of the USSR and Gosplan
USSR.
2.6.
Research and design organizations —
leading performers - developers of construction projects
experimental facilities make up work programs
experimental construction, participate in the implementation of these
programs, develop guidelines for compiling consolidated
scientific and technical reports on the results of the experimental
construction.
Experimental construction work programs
provides for:
purpose of experimental construction;
the order and scope of scientific research before the start, and in
necessary cases and during the construction of experimental
objects;
order and scope of observations during the construction of experimental
objects, and, if necessary, the state of these objects in
period of operation;
technical and methodological assistance to construction and installation
organizations in the implementation of construction under the project, as well as in
organization of accounting of material and technical resources and labor costs;
measures to control the implementation of work programs
experimental construction;
guidelines for compiling consolidated scientific and technical
reports on the results of experimental construction in accordance
with GOST 19600-74;
recommendations, developed where necessary and related to
features of the application of scientific and technological achievements in
construction of experimental facilities, as well as with testing
checked elements, materials, products, structures and
equipment for experimental facilities.
The experimental construction work programs indicate
organizations:
4. It is a big risk to choose a completely new building material or new technology. It is more correct to pay attention to the technologies that have been worked out over the years, to look at the constructed facilities that have stood for several seasons, and to communicate with the owners. As a result, you will better understand how the house will behave in two or three years, and you will not encounter unpleasant surprises.
Irina Galitskaya, Commercial Director of Greenside:
1. Our company is engaged in the production of glued beams. This popular material allows you to quickly build high-quality, modern and beautiful wooden houses. Since this is a relatively new material for building houses, the latest achievements of science, technology, research and development in the field of building materials are used in its production throughout the entire technological cycle.
If you carefully study the full production cycle of this material, if you delve into all the stages of wood harvesting and processing, then there will be no doubt about the reliability, strength, durability and suitability of glued beams for building a modern wooden house. Therefore, we are not inclined to experiment with an already debugged technological process.
There is an opinion that for a wooden house it is necessary to provide heating power at the rate of 1 kW of energy per 10 m2 of area, that is, we may need up to 7 thousand kW of electricity per month to heat a 200-meter house, and this is not counting home appliances. Agree that's a lot. Especially when there are many modern materials that allow you to minimize these costs, but about them a little later.
The photo shows that the logs are very warm, in fact, the space of pairing logs is a zone of high heat loss.
Insulation of a brick house
Many are convinced that a brick house is the embodiment of reliability and warmth, over time this illusion changes with the belief that such a house requires careful insulation, otherwise it can greatly upset the thrifty owner. Often there are figures of 30 - 35 thousand rubles of expenses for heating such houses with an area of \u200b\u200b200 square meters. Thermal engineering calculation shows that a brick wall 38 cm thick creates resistance to heat transfer more than 5 times lower than normal. This is the reason for the high heat consumption.
Rates and rates of payment. WORK RESOURCES OF CONSTRUCTION…
apply... experiment as construction sites
male workers with different levels of training, i.e., different qualifications. …
In addition, on some construction For reference
Construction
production>
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TECHNOLOGY. CONSTRUCTION. Construction…
— Alkyd enamel, its feature and application
— hammer paint
— Homemade glue at home
— Mounting foam
— Natural stone
6.2.
Summary scientific and technical reports should contain:
passports of experimental objects;
detailed characteristics of the adopted urban planning,
space-planning, architectural and constructive solutions of buildings
and structures used in the construction of new construction
materials, products, structures, equipment and systems of engineering
provision of experimental facilities (depending on the purpose
experiment);
data on the estimated cost of construction, originally approved
and finally formed on the basis of settlements with contractors
construction organizations;
information on the normative and actual duration of construction
indicating the factors that influenced their change;
technical and economic indicators of construction, including consumption
basic building materials, the amount of labor, and in
foreseen cases and operating costs;
description of solutions for the organization, technology and management of construction
production, production methods, construction and installation works and
the level of their mechanization; list of basic and special
fixtures, fittings, mounting tools and other devices,
used in construction;
results of surveys of experimental objects (individual parts,
structures, engineering systems or equipment of buildings and
structures) during the construction period, and in cases provided for
experimental construction work programs - during the period
operation of these facilities;
assessment of the progressivity of those tested in experimental construction
new developments taking into account operating costs in comparison with
standard or similar solutions used in domestic and
foreign construction practice;
recommendations for further use of the results
experimental construction, including scientific and technical
advances in standard or reusable economical
individual projects of buildings and structures, to improve
regulatory documents, state or republican
standards in the field of construction and building industry
materials.
As part of the summary scientific and technical reports should be given
project materials and photographic documents in the amount characterizing
conducted experiment.
6.3.
Summary scientific and technical reports are considered in
one month from the time of their compilation by scientific and technical
(technical or scientific) research or
design organizations — lead executors — project developers
for the construction of experimental facilities specified in
state plan for the economic and social development of the USSR or
union republics among the performers first. For consideration
results of experimental construction should be involved
representatives of construction and installation organizations that carried out
construction of experimental facilities, enterprises manufacturing
new building materials, products, structures and equipment, and
also representatives of ministries and departments - customers and
contractors, and in cases stipulated by the work programs
experimental construction, and organizations that carry out
operation of experimental facilities. Scientific and technical
(technical or scientific) councils make recommendations on
further use of the results of the experimental
construction and draw up their decisions in protocols.
The first house built by the company "Plastbau M" using foam technology.
Here is the text of the article about the history of the house: www.tsj.ru/rubrs....379&art_id=1597
"Residential Styrofoam"
"For the first time in the history of domestic housing construction, a house made of expanded polystyrene, better known as polystyrene, was built in the capital. Of course, the weightless insulation was not the only building material. First, the builders erected structures from ordinary monolithic concrete, then the concrete was insulated on both sides with special polystyrene foam plates. Then the foam was outside plastered, and from the inside lined with gypsum-fiber sheets, on which wallpaper was eventually glued.The horizontal ceilings were insulated in much the same way.As a result, we got a peach-colored municipal eleven-story building, which now stands on Palekhskaya Street, not far from the VDNKh metro station.
The area of the largest - three-room - apartment is only 45 square meters. m. But there is a kitchen. But in two-room and one-room apartments, an electric stove with a sink is installed right in the room, and only a tiny bathroom, like a wardrobe, is allocated in a separate room. However, as the builders assure, this was done with the expectation of housewives and elderly citizens who were tormented by everyday life - so, they say, they can always see if they forgot to turn off, for example, the electric stove or turn on the tap.
It is assumed that it is pensioners, former orphans and low-income families that will make up the main contingent of residents of the experimental "foam" house.
The other day, six old people in the mayor's office have already issued inspection orders and even allowed to bring in furniture. Just on the day of the delivery of furniture, the vice-mayor of the city, Valery Shantsev, came to the pensioners and asked how they live in the new house. However, since the pensioners did not yet live in it, their answers were somewhat contradictory.
Not an apartment, but some kind of stocking! - the old woman with a grumpy face shared her fresh impressions. - I am so sorry that I agreed to move, I was afraid, fool, that they would not give another apartment! ..
And I'm comfortable! her neighbor objected. - It is very warm, and there is no dampness.
Employees of the Plastbau M company, which built progressive housing, are full of optimism about the future of experimental technology:
All of Europe has been using expanded polystyrene for several years in the construction of residential buildings, - Valery Andreevich Starodubovsky, First Deputy General Director of Plastbau M, told me. - We were the first to apply this technique in Russia. The benefits are obvious: for example, we guarantee our residents a 40% savings in heat energy. And this means that, for example, with a 25-degree frost outside and with the heating completely turned off, positive temperatures will remain in the apartments for a week. Our walls guarantee excellent sound insulation, seismic resistance, and the safety of all concrete structures for 150 years.
Another significant advantage of the new technology is cost reduction. According to the estimates of specialists from Plastbau M, the labor force required to build a house is five times less, the costs of transport and construction equipment are reduced several times, and the construction time is shortened. As a result, one square meter in a "styrofoam" house costs 14 thousand rubles, in a standard panel new building - from 18 to 35 thousand.
"Styrofoam" houses are ideally suited for the implementation of the program launched 4 years ago to build small apartments for socially unprotected segments of the population. Cheap, almost eternal apartments, which, moreover, almost do not need to be heated - isn't this the dream of any mayor? However, there is still a little time left before the final solution of the notorious housing issue. During the year, the Moscow government will closely monitor the experimental house, and if the readings of the heat consumption meters already installed at the central heating plant agree with the forecasts of Plastbau M, then a large-scale construction of foam plastic new buildings will begin in Moscow.
Julia Molodtsova
"Big city"
The first experimental polystyrene house in Moscow in Moscow - description, coordinates, photos, reviews and the ability to find this place in Moscow (Russia). Find out where it is, how to get there, see what's interesting around. Check out other locations on our interactive map for more details. Know the world better.
