Description of an architectural project example. What is included in the project of the house. Assemblies of structural parts

1. List of sheets
2. General information. Premises area
3. prospects
4. Plot map
5. Marking plan of the 1st floor
6. Marking plan of the 2nd floor
7. Attic marking plan
8. Roofing design
9. facades
10. Decorative facade elements
11. cuts
12. Specification of elements for filling external openings. Sketches
13. Principal knots for sections and facades
14. Ventilation ducts and chimneys
15. Schematic diagram of the construction of a foundation pit for the foundation of a house
16. Schematic diagram of the construction of a pit for the foundation of the porch
17. Schematic diagrams of input and output of engineering networks
18. Plan and 3D view of preparation for foundation ribs and slab at el. -0.850
19. Plan and 3D view of foundation ribs
20. Plan of the foundation slab at elev. -0.850. 3D view of the foundation without insulation.
21. Plan of additional reinforcement of the foundation slab at el. -0.850
22. Plan of the foundation slab at elev. -0.200
23. Plan of additional reinforcement of the foundation slab at el. -0.200
24. Foundation sections
25. Fundamental reinforcement schemes
26. Reinforcement of the outer stairs
27. Layout plans for horizontal and vertical insulation
28. Schematic diagrams of hydro and thermal insulation of the foundation
29. 3D view of the foundation
30. The staircase is internal. 3d view of reinforcement
31. Principal section along the wall. Technical instructions for stone structures
32. Schematic diagrams of the jumper device
33. Masonry plan of the 1st floor. 3d view of the walls of the 1st floor
34. Masonry plan of the facing layer of the 1st floor
35. Niche plan of the 1st floor
36. Plan and 3D view of the cofferdams at el. +3.150
37. Principal schemes of floor reinforcement at elevation +3.150 and +6.650
38. Scheme of docking of floor reinforcement
39. Plan and 3D view of the floor at el. +3.150
40. Plan for additional reinforcement of the floor at elevation 3.150
41. Masonry plan of the 2nd floor. 3D view of the walls of the 2nd floor
42. Masonry plan of the facing layer of the 2nd floor
43. Niche plan of the 2nd floor
44. Plan and 3D view of the cofferdams at el. +6.450
45. Plan and 3D view of the cofferdams at el. +6.660
46. Plan for additional reinforcement of the floor at elevation +6.660
47. Attic floor plan
48. Plan and 3D view of a monolithic belt under the Mauerlat
49. Plan and 3D view of Mauerlats
50. Plan and 3D view of racks, beds and girders
51. Plan and 3D view of the truss system
52. Sections on rafters
53. Principal nodes on the truss system
54. Terrace. Plans of metal racks and beams
55. Terrace. Terrace column plan
56. Terrace. The plan of the enclosing structures of the terrace. Plan of floor beams.
57. Terrace. Cuts.
58. Garage. Plan of the monolithic belt at el. +2.715
59. Garage. Plan of floor beams
60. Garage. Run plan for elev. +3.970. Plan of monolithic belts at el. +2.850 and +3.065
61. Garage. cuts
62. Garage. Section fragments
63. Porch 2. Plan of metal racks. Plan of floor beams
64. Porch 2. Plan of enclosing structures
65. Porch 2. 3D views
66. Roof at el. +5.181. Plan of monolithic belts under the rafters
67. Roof at el. +5.181. Rafter plan
68. Roof at el. +5.181. Roofing design
69. 3D views of the load-bearing structures of the garage, terrace and porch
70. Porch 1
71. stairs

2. . The type of foundation is selected by calculation. The calculation will require geology (geological engineering study of the soil). Be sure to have sheets with a reinforcement scheme, a foundation device. nodes and the amount of concrete and reinforcement or foundation blocks.

3. . The blind area is not an element of improvement, but a necessary structural element, its device is mandatory.

4. masonry plans. This is a plan of masonry walls with dimensions. Performed for each floor - how many floors, so many plans.

5. facades. 4 sheets with facades.

6. . At least two cuts: longitudinal and transverse. In houses of a complex configuration, cuts are usually performed more in order to show all the level differences and difficult places.

7. For piece materials, we do ordering so that we don’t have to cut blocks, we select a convenient structural height of the floor, windows and other openings and elements.

8. Wall drills. On the scans, you can clearly see all the marks to which it is necessary to lay the masonry. A scan is performed on each wall. There are many walls, respectively, and many sheets.

9.Cover plan. How many overlaps there will be so many plans. Overlappings are monolithic reinforced concrete, from prefabricated hollow-core reinforced concrete slabs, wooden, prefabricated from blocks. For each drawing, the number of materials is indicated.

10. Plans for monolithic belts under floors or brick belts, if such are required.

11. This is a plan with the location of the jumpers above the windows and doors.

12. . Plan with the designation of windows, doors, types of floors. Together with these plans, lists of windows and doors, floor explication are carried out.

14. If the roof is pitched. Along with this drawing, plans for load-bearing roof elements, roof units, roof sections and, of course, the calculation of the number of roof elements are also carried out. If flat, then other drawings are performed.

The composition of the roof or the "pie" of the roof

15. Knots and details. These drawings are different for every project.

16. Stairs and porches.

17. Ventilation channels. Ventilation in a private house is provided by natural channel, respectively, ventilation ducts are laid in the structure of the house during construction. Therefore, this section is not included in the engineering section (OV - heating and ventilation), but in working drawings.

18. . The amount of materials on the walls of the house is indicated (how many and what blocks, bricks, insulation, etc.).

20. Other drawings. There may be drawings of beams, support pads. embedded parts, pools, vegetable pits, etc. A set of additional drawings depends on the chosen design of the house.

Why do we need working documentation (section AC)?

2. The presence of drawings significantly speeds up the construction of a house and simplifies communication with builders.

3. Construction of a house with a working draft is a guarantee that the house will not collapse and it will be possible to live in it, since during the design, structural calculations are carried out.

The construction of even the smallest house begins with design. A project prepared on paper will allow you to plan the area of ​​\u200b\u200bconstruction, the number of rooms, windows and doors, as well as calculate the cost of work and the amount of materials needed.

If you are going to build a house, you can ask for help from specialized companies to order a project, choose the right one from among the finished ones, or independently develop a plan for a new home.

It is more rational to create a house project with your own hands when all construction work is planned to be carried out without outside help.

The first stage is planning

The first stage of project development involves the general planning of the future house, its size, purpose, the presence of a garage or other additional buildings, as well as the geographical features of the site, the presence or absence of a sewerage and water supply system.

The second stage - sketches

At the second step, all conditions and desires are taken into account and assembled into a certain model of a house with a certain number of floors and rooms.

The draft design has the character of a sketch and depicts the future of the building from different sides: facade, side, rear and in section (transverse and longitudinal).

Here is a list of the materials used, as well as the design features of the house: the type of roof, the thickness of the walls and ceilings.

Before you start your own project at home, it is better to carefully study the photos of finished plans to draw ideas and experience.

Third stage - work plan

The working version of the project serves as a guide for the construction team and involves a complete description of all the planned work on the construction of the house: architectural, structural, engineering and design.

In an architectural type project, the location of all rooms, their area, the presence of balconies or terraces, the dimensions of windows and doors, the slope of the roof, and the thickness of the walls are outlined and drawn.

Important! Glazing and decoration of balconies can be ordered at low prices on the website viploggias.ru. "Modern Balcony" is a company with many years of experience.

The constructive type of the project involves a detailed consideration of each element of the house from the foundation, walls and ceilings to the chimney, stairs and rafters. For example, a complete decoding of the characteristics is applied to the windows, where the profile width, the type of lining, the number of layers of double-glazed windows, the presence of a window sill are noted.

Engineering and technical design is aimed at drawing up a detailed plan for the implementation of work on the establishment of sewerage, water supply, ventilation, heating, electrical wiring, grounding and security systems.

The design project makes final adjustments to the construction of the house. At this stage, they finally determine the color scheme of the facade, walls, roof and interior decoration of the room.

Timber house project

Most often, economical, strong and durable wood is chosen as the main material for construction.

However, the project of a private house made of timber requires certain conditions to be met:

• If the construction requires beams of more than 6 m, then additional insulation of the joints of the logs will be required;
• Joints are placed in a checkerboard pattern;
• The number of corners must be even;
• Particular attention must be paid to the proper distribution of the load;
• Log partitions are placed only above load-bearing walls or on additional pillars.

brick house project

The project of a brick house must necessarily include an assessment of financial capabilities, since this type of construction is expensive and the need to create a strong and costly foundation.

Note!

When building brick houses, other features of the material should also be taken into account: the use of clay bricks on the lower floors, double waterproofing in the bathroom, wall reinforcement for greater strength, strict adherence to horizontal masonry, laying out window and door openings with a quarter.

Terrace project

A correct and competent extension to the terrace house also requires a separate project. When compiling it, it is necessary to take into account its structure, location, degree of openness, shape and the presence of steps.

Most often, the terrace is located near one of the walls of the house or rings the entire building, less often it is installed separately from the residential building or adjacent to the pool.

As in the project of the house, the area, dimensions, materials, mass of the structure and type of foundation must be indicated in the terrace plan.

How to make a project at home with your own hands?

You need to stock up on paper, a ruler and a pencil and try to depict your future home in detail.

Reference points and assistants will be ready-made standard projects posted on the Internet, supplementing and expanding which you can get the perfect plan for a new building.

Note!

DIY house project photo

Note!

A huge number of "projects" on rutracker.org. As a designer, I will say: in my life I have looked through and analyzed more than 1000 preliminary designs, half do not fit the climatic features of our country, some are simply incomprehensible or inconvenient, impractical or huge (uneconomical both in terms of construction and in terms of operation) layouts, some with stupid facades, but with good layouts, there are often unrealizable projects or expensive projects in terms of structures. Even if you find exactly the sketch that vaguely resembles the house you need, in the end you still have to completely redo it because the features of the cardinal points on the site are superimposed, the features of the site (the neighbor's windows can turn out opposite yours or buildings can obscure). And nothing remains of the original sketch. It is much easier to determine the areas of the premises, make a topographic survey (it will still be needed to obtain a building permit or legalization), choose the facade of the building you like best and give these initial data to the designer, who, twisting and twirling the rooms, walls and structures, will get the best result as a result . At the same time, I'm not talking about architects, but designers, but not for everyone, because. the architect often does not understand and is not interested in the economic aspects of construction. In my company, the cost of an architectural solution is 10-20 thousand, drawings of building structures are 20-40 thousand with a specification for building materials. We do not undertake to design foundations in other regions except for the Altai Territory, or rather, we design those that the customer wants (i.e., his task is to bypass neighbors or those who built in his region and find out the parameters of the foundations laid). because the regulatory framework is very outdated and it is not advisable to lay down those solutions that we get by calculations. does not it often costs half the foundation (it’s easier to re-lay a little). I will not talk about the benefits of having a project in hand, thought out in advance to the smallest details by the customer and the designer. So who understands about that saving on money and nerves, he understands, and whoever wants to go through everything himself cannot be persuaded. There are too many nuances in low-rise construction (which is usually hard to believe). so that one person can know them or find the right solutions without qualified consultants (and having a crust or certificate is far from an indicator in this matter) and without vast experience. If anyone needs help with a project or someone needs advice on a chosen "sketch", just look for errors - contact us.

A house project is a documentation that specifies all the parameters of a building. The documentation will help to imagine how the building will look from the outside and inside, how much and what materials will be needed for construction. Sometimes the house project includes additional sections that help to approach the construction in more detail - determine in advance the type of communications to be laid, plan a fire or burglar alarm device at the construction stage. Documentation will be needed both during the construction process and upon acceptance - for quality control and compliance with standards.

What does the project consist of? What items are required?

A standard project is a set of drawings required for construction. The project should have the following sections:

• architectural (AR)- describes general information, architectural solutions, contains floor plans, facade drawings and main sections, roof plan, lists of door and window openings;
• constructive (KR)- includes design drawings of the foundation and other supporting structures, flooring, truss system. In the constructive section, the required building materials and their quantity are indicated.

Such a set of drawings is always included in the project of the house - this is regulated by state regulations. At the request of the customer, additional sections are included in the project documentation - for example, a set of drawings of engineering systems.

In private housing construction, when small residential buildings are being built, they are often limited to a preliminary design. But this is the first stage of architectural design, it cannot be called complete. The draft documents contain only general data, images of facades and floor plans.

Full design with a more detailed architectural part is preferable: even in the construction of simple buildings there are nuances and design features.

Detailed composition of the project

Architectural and construction solutions (AS)

Project documentation is provided on paper in A3 format, in one copy, certified by a blue seal. The project includes two sections: AR (architectural solutions) and KR (constructive solutions).

Working drawings of the brand AR (Architectural solutions)

This section is divided into several parts:

• general data about the object and an explanatory note;
• master plan;
• center plan of axes;
• masonry and marking plans;
• each of the facades of the house with an indication of elevations;
• roofing design;
• main cuts around the house;
• explication of floors, features of filling the openings of windows and doors;
• ventilation ducts and chimneys.

The architectural drawings indicate the location of all windows, doors, ventilation shafts, fireplaces with chimneys, the height of the floors, the thickness of the walls; shows the main structural units.

Project documentation

1. Project cover

2. Title page

3. General data of the project and specification of the main material of the walls of the house

4. Measured floor plans (construction)

5. Marking floor plans

7. Cuts

9. Facades

12. Fragments of the plan

13. Ventilation ducts, chimneys

Working drawings of the brand KR

This section as part of an architectural project is developed for the technically competent implementation of architectural ideas. The CR consists of the following parts:

• general information;
• foundation layout, including dimensions, exact location on the site, laying depth;
• floor plan, lintels, truss structure with dimensions and technical instructions for the device;
• detailed drawings;
• calculation of the consumption of masonry materials;
• material specifications.

The composition of the drawings included in the CD depends on the type of structures included in the design documentation.

Example: Structural solutions, as part of QOL and KD

The composition of the QOL section (reinforced concrete structures)

1. General data

2. Foundation plan, material specification

4. Monolithic columns (if any according to the project), specification

5. Porches

6. Floor plan with specifications

7. Jumper layouts, specification

8. Monolithic belts, specification

The composition of the CD section (wooden structures)

1. General data

Additionally:

Engineering systems (IS)

If, in addition to the main sections, which the project of the house necessarily includes, a section of engineering networks is provided, it should contain the following parts:

1. general explanations for each of the life support systems, recommendations for installation and connection of devices;

2. scheme of water supply, sewerage systems - rationale for the choice - individual or with connection to centralized systems, - floor plans;

3. heating scheme - substantiation of an individual heating device or connection to central networks, heat engineering calculation;

4. power supply design, including network wiring diagrams, electrical wiring, electrical equipment layout plans ( ;

5. specification of products, equipment, materials. ( Ordered for each project separately, at the request of the customer.)

For some projects, standard ICs have been developed, check with the manager for their availability. Their cost is not included in the AC project price.

Examples:

Architectural Passport

The passport for the project of the house is not included in the complete set, it can be purchased for an additional fee.

The architectural passport of the project makes it faster and easier to obtain a building permit, as it contains all the documents necessary for submission to the local architecture authorities.

The composition of the architectural passport:

Plans in axes

facades

Axis cuts

The sale of the "Construction passport of the project" without the acquisition of the main set of working drawings is not carried out.

You can also purchase an additional set of drawings (paper copy), which, as a rule, is necessary for builders.

Can I make changes to pre-made sections?

You can make changes to any finished project, but you need to evaluate profitability: if the changes affect the construct, the finished calculations will not be relevant. And the cost of the finished project, taking into account the changes made, may be higher than the development of an individual one from scratch.