SP 41-108-2004
Group G24.
Arrangement of the Rules for Design and Construction
Fighter heat supply residential buildings with heat generators on gas fuel
Energy Supply Apartament of the Buildings WITH THE HEAT Generation, Working On Gas Fuel
Date of introduction 2005-08-01
Preface
1 Developed by a federal state unitary enterprise - the design, design and research institute "Santekhniiproekt" with the participation of the federal state unitary enterprise - the center of the mission and standardization methodology in construction (FSUE CNS), the Federal State Institution - Fire Defense Research Institute (FSA VNIIPIPO ) Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia and the Group of Specialists
2 is made by the management of standardization, technical rationing and certification of the state system of Russia
3 Approved for the application by letter of the state system of Russia N LB-2011/9 dated March 26, 2004.
4 Agreed by the Ministry of Health of Russia, a letter No. 111-16 / 134-04 of March 17, 2003,
Gosgortkhnadzor of Russia, a letter No. 14-3 / 10 of January 15, 2003,
UGPN EMERCOM of Russia, letter N 19/2/1043 dated 05/31/2005
5 introduced for the first time
Introduction
Introduction
This set of rules "The commercial heat supply of residential buildings with heat generators on gas fuel" was developed for the first time and contains the rules for the design of the consignment systems of heat supply of residential buildings from individual sources of heat supply.
The set of rules establishes the recommended, recognized and justified in practice the provisions, developing and ensuring the implementation of the requirements of SNIP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" for use as sources of thermal energy of the consumer heat supply of automated boilers with closed combustion chambers on gas fuel, Providing security, comfortable living conditions and rational use of energy resources.
The rules of the rules provide recommendations on planning and constructive solutions of the premises of heat generator, the rules for the design of gas supply, air supplies and removal of flue gases, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage. In addition, the rules for performing installation work and maintenance are given.
In the development of this Code of Rules, the results of the design and construction of residential buildings with quarterly heat supply systems were used in the framework of the experiment on the technical conditions, as well as regulatory documents and experience of designing, construction and maintenance of consuming heat supply systems in foreign countries.
In the development of the document participated: Cand. tehn Sciences A.Ya.Shipov - Head of Topics, A.S. Bogachenkova, T.I. Sadovskaya, S.M. Finklestein (FSUE "Santekhniiproekt"); V.A.Glukharev (Gosstroy Russia); Dr. tech. Sciences, Professor I.A.Bodian, Cand. Chem. Sciences G.T. Gazetsky, Cand. tehn Sciences I.I. Ilminsky (VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia); LSVASILEVA (FSUE CNS); T.A. Pozhidayeva (Ministry of Health of Russia); A.A.Sorokin (Gosgortkhnadzor of Russia); Cand. tehn Science A.L.Naumov, Cand. tehn Sciences E.O.Shilcrot (NGO "TERMEK").
1 area of \u200b\u200buse
The real set of rules is intended for use on a voluntary basis, it is a recommendatory nature and applies to the design, construction and operation of the consignment systems of heat supply with heat generators on gas fuel with closed combustion chambers in new and reconstructed apartment buildings up to 10 floors, inclusive (not higher than 28 m ), including those who have built-in public premises (hereinafter - residential buildings). The use of considerable heat supply systems with heat generators on gas fuel for residential buildings with a height of more than 28 m (11 floors and more) is allowed in coordination with the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.
The set of rules does not apply to the design:
quarterly heat supply systems for single-quality and blocked residential buildings, considered as separate single-headed houses;
agricultural heat supply systems of residential buildings with a floor to 5 inclusive if they provide for the installation of heat generators on gas fuel with an open combustion chamber (type "in").
2 Regulatory references
This joint venture used links to the following regulatory documents:
SNIP 2.04.01-85 * Internal water supply and sewage system
SNIP 21-01-97 * Fire safety of buildings and structures
SNiP 31-01-2003 Buildings Residential Multi-Fire
Snip 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Snip 41-03-2003 Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines
Snip 42-01-2002 Gas distribution systems
SP 31-110-2003 Design and installation of electrical installations of residential and public buildings
PB 12-529-03 Rules for the safety of gas distribution systems and gas consumption
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It does not apply on the basis of the order of Rostechnadzor of November 15, 2013 N 542. There are federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety "Rules for the safety of gas distribution and gas consumption networks", hereinafter
NPB 88-2001 * Installing fire extinguishing and alarm. Norms and design rules
NPB 243-97 * protective shutdown devices. Fire safety requirements. Test methods
SanPine 2.1.4.1074-01 Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control
GOST 12.1.005-88 CSBT. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area. Technical conditions
GOST 30494-96 Buildings Residential and public. Parameters of the microclimate indoor
GOST 30815-2002 Temperature regulators automatic heating devices of water heating systems of buildings. General technical conditions
PUE rules device electrical installations
3 Terms and Definitions
In this document, the terms apply with the following definitions:
fighter heat supply - ensuring the warmth of heating, ventilation and hot water supply of apartments. The system consists of a source of heat supply - heat generator, hot water pipelines with water treatment reinforcement, heating pipelines with heating devices and heat exchangers of ventilation systems;
heat generator (boiler) - heat source heat capacity up to 100 kW, in which heating the heat carrier sent to the heat supply system, the energy released during the combustion of gas fuel is used;
heat generator type "B" * - heat generator with an open combustion chamber, connected to an individual chimney, with a fence of air for burning fuel directly from the room in which the heat generator is installed;
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heat generator type "C" * - Heat generator with a closed combustion chamber, in which smoke removal and air supply for combustion is carried out due to the built-in fan. Gas fuel combustion system (air supply for combustion, combustion chamber, smoke removal) in these heat generators of gas carrier relative to the premises in which they are installed;
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* According to European Classification by CEN / CR / 749.2000.
heat generator - a separate non-residential premises intended for placing a heat generator (boiler) and auxiliary equipment to it;
chimney - (Snip 41-01) Gas Poll, or pipeline for removal of combustion products (flue gases) from heat generator to chimney;
chimney - (on SNIP 41-01) Vertical Gas Channel or Rectangular Pipeline or Round section for creating thrust and removal of combustion products (flue gases) from smokers to the atmosphere vertically up;
duct - channel and (or) pipeline, serving for transportation, supply or removal of air;
heat production - the amount of heat transmitted by the coolant per unit of time;
thermal power - the amount of heat sampled as a result of burning gas supplied to the burner per unit of time;
efficiency ratio (efficiency) - The ratio of heat production to thermal power, the values \u200b\u200bof which are expressed in the same measurement units.
4 General
4.1 Requirements for heat generators
4.1.1. Automated heat generators on gas fuels with hermetic (closed) combustion chambers (type "C") of full factory readiness should be used for the considerable heat generators of residential buildings.
the total thermal production of heat generators should not exceed 100 kW when placed in heat generator and 35 kW - when placed in the kitchen;
Efficiency at least 89%;
the temperature of the coolant is not more than 95 ° C;
pressure of the coolant to 1.0 MPa;
emissions of harmful emissions: - traces, - no more than 30 ppm (60 mg / m).
4.1.2 The heat generators are allowed to use, the security automation of which ensures the cessation of fuel supply at:
- termination of electricity supply;
- protection chains malfunctions;
- resetting the burner flame;
- dropping pressure of the coolant below the maximum permissible values;
- achieving the maximum permissible temperature of the coolant;
- violation of smoke removal;
- Gas pressure exceeding the maximum valid value.
4.1.3 Heat generators must have permits and certification documents required by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
4.1.4 Heat generators are allowed to use:
- double-circuit with built-in hot water circuit;
- single-circuit (without the built-in hot water supply circuit) with the possibility of attaching a capacitive water heater of hot water supply.
4.1.5 Heat production capacity of heat generators for the consuming heat supply systems of residential apartments is determined by the maximum load of hot water, depending on the number of installed sanitary and technical devices or the calculated heating load.
The heat generations of heat generators for the built-in premises of the public purpose is determined by the maximum calculated heating load and the average calculated load of hot water supply.
4.1.6 With the reconstruction of the heat supply systems of the existing residential fund associated with the transition to the commercial heat supply, in buildings with a height of up to 5 floors, it is also inclusive to provide for the installation of heat generators with a closed combustion chamber.
4.1.7 The heat generator must be supplied complete with the details of chimens and air ducts within the room where the heat generator is installed, as well as with the installation and operation instructions in which the manufacturer sets out all the necessary security measures.
4.2 Placing heat generators
4.2.1 Placing heat generators, pipelines, chimneys, chimneys, air ducts and other engineering equipment should ensure the safety of their operation, the convenience of maintenance and repair.
4.2.2 The planning of the apartments should be provided with regard to the placement of kitchens or heat generator, allowing to produce engineering communications (water supply, gas pipeline, sewage) to apartments on the side of the staircase. The transit strip of these communications through residential premises and through non-residential public premises is allowed to comply with the requirements of SNiP 42-01. The gas pipeline laying outside the building should be provided for open.
4.2.3 The installation of heat generators is allowed to provide:
a) for the heat supply of apartments - in the kitchens or in specially selected rooms - heat generator;
b) for heat supply of public premises - in specially dedicated premises (heat generator).
4.2.4 The containment of heat generator must meet the following requirements:
placed at the outer wall of the residential building and have a window with the glazing area at the rate of 0.03 m per 1 m volume of the room, with a window or another special device for airborne, located at the top of the window;
the volume of the room should be determined on the basis of the conditions for ensuring the convenience of the operation of boilers and the production of installation and repair work, but not less than 15 m;
height - not less than 2.2 m;
the ventilation of the heat generator should be designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01;
the heat generator for public premises, in addition, should have protection against unauthorized penetration with the output of the signal into the dispatching point or to a room with a telephone connection and a permanent stay of the personnel.
4.2.5 Fire protection of heat generator premises should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01, SNiP 31-01 and SNiP 2.04.01.
4.2.6 It is not allowed to design heat generates, located directly above, under or adjacent with residential premises of apartments and public premises with the stay of people from 50 or more, as well as in basements.
4.2.7 The installation of heat generators in the premises should be provided:
in the walls (floor) or on walls (wall) from non-combustible (NG) or weakly manual (g1) materials;
in the walls or on the walls of combustible materials coated with non-flammable (NG) or weak-threshable (g1) materials (for example: roofing steel on the leaf of the heat-insulating layer from non-combustible materials with a thickness of at least 3 mm; limestone plaster with a thickness of at least 10 mm) at a distance not closer 3 cm from the wall. The specified wall covering should be for the dimensions of the boiler housing at least 10 cm.
4.2.8 Floor coating under the floor heat generator should be from the materials of the combustibility group NG or G1. Such a floor coating should be for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm.
4.2.9 When placing heat generators, the provisions of the instruction on the installation and operation of the manufacturer should be taken into account.
4.2.10 Placing the boiler over the gas stove and kitchen sink is not allowed.
4.2.11 Before the front of the boiler should be a service area of \u200b\u200bat least 1.0 m. The horizontal distance between the steering parts of the boiler and the equipment (kitchen) should be taken at least 10 cm.
5 Gas supply
5.1 Gas pressure in front of heat generators must correspond to the passport data of boilers and be no more than 0.003 MPa.
5.2 The internal gas supply system of the apartment should be calculated on the total maximum hourly gas consumption by gas console equipment installed.
The diameter of the gas pipeline to the heat generator should be taken on the basis of the calculation, but at least the diameter specified in the passport of the heat generator.
5.3 The gas distribution system should ensure the supply of gas in the required volume and pressure pressure necessary for the stable operation of the entire gas-grade equipment of the residential building.
5.4 For each apartment and for each public premises, an instrument of commercial metering of gas consumption should be placed in a room accessible to control and remove indications, outside the zone of heat and voltages, ensuring the convenience of installation, maintenance and repair.
5.5 The addition of heat generators to the gas pipeline is allowed to provide with the help of steel, copper or flexible eyelids, including non-metallic pipes that have the necessary strength characteristics with long-term (at least 25 years) exposure to the transported gas. The length of flexible supply should be taken not more than 1.5 m. Flexible liners to heat generators must have a certificate of conformity.
5.6 Gas pipeline laying can be provided open and hidden. With a hidden laying of gas pipelines, it is necessary to provide for additional measures to protect against corrosion and ensure the possibility of their inspection and repair of protective coatings.
The hidden laying of flexible eyeliner and disconnecting devices is not allowed.
5.7 It is allowed to use liquefied gas as fuel in accordance with SNiP 42-01. At the same time, the placement of gas failed installations inside the building is not allowed.
6 Air supply to burning and removal of combustion products
6.1 Designing the gas-air path of the system should be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the regulatory method of the aerodynamic calculation of boiler plants of the TsTI named after I.Polzununov.
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* See bibliography section, poses - Note the database manufacturer.
6.2 The supply air ducts should ensure the supply of the required amount of air to the combustion of gas, and the chimneys are a complete removal of combustion products into the atmosphere.
The combustion air fence must be made directly outside the building with air ducts.
The design and placement of chimneys and air ducts are determined in accordance with the architectural and planning decisions of the building based on the requirements of fire safety, the convenience of their installation and maintenance.
6.3 Airpox and removal of combustion products can be designed according to the following schemes:
with coaxial (combined) device air supplies and removal of combustion products;
built-in or attached collective air ducts and chimneys;
with a separate device of air supplies and removal of combustion products by built-in or attached collective ducts and chimneys;
with an individual air duct, providing air intake through the wall and feed it individually to each heat generator, and the removal of flue gases by collective chimney.
The device of smokers from each heat generator individually through the front wall of a multi-storey residential building is prohibited.
6.4 Collective chimneys and air ducts should be designed from non-combustible materials. The limits of the fire resistance of chimneys and air ducts must comply with the regulatory requirements of air duct systems of the smoke removal of residential buildings. The gasket is allowed through non-residential premises, kitchens, corridors, stairwells or elevator halls without reducing the dimensions of evacuation paths.
The chimney laying in the interior walls of the building is allowed. The chimneys and chimneys through residential premises are not allowed. Smoking and supplying air ducts on the wall of the kitchen is allowed to close with removable decorative fencing from non-combustible materials that do not reduce the required limits of fire resistance.
6.5 The total length of the smokers and air ducts from the air intake location should not exceed the values \u200b\u200brecommended by the factory (firm) by the manufacturer of the heat generator, taking into account the use of recommended compensation measures with deviation from the specified value.
6.6 To avoid condensation of water vapor on the outer surface of the duct, a heat-insulating structure from materials and thicknesses corresponding to SNiP 41-03 should be provided.
6.7 Air ducts, smokers and chimneys in the places of passage through the walls, partitions and overlaps should be included in cases. The gaps between the building structure and the case and the air duct, chimney or chimney and the case should be thoroughly close to the entire thickness of the intersected design with non-combustible materials or a mortar that does not reduce the required limits of fire resistance.
6.8 The air intake terminals should not have barriers that prevent the free influx of air, and should be protected by a metal grid from penetrating garbage, birds and other foreign objects. With overhead placement and placement on the roof of the building, air intake holes should be provided by 0.5 m above the stable snow cover.
6.9 In the compounds of the ducts of different directions, there should be no essentials of section and sharp edges. The angle of connecting two parts of the air ducts should be at least 90 °.
6.10 The chimney should be laid with a slope of at least 3% away from the heat generator and have devices with a sampling stub to test the combustion quality.
6.11 The sections of chimneys and supply collective air ducts should be determined by the calculation on the basis of thermal power and the number of boilers connected to the chimney, taking into account their simultaneous work. At the same time, the natural thrust of the chimney should be at least 20% higher than the sum of all aerodynamic losses of the gas-air path with any modes of operation.
6.12 The cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe chimney and the air duct to the heat generator should not be less than the area of \u200b\u200bcross section of the connected boiler connected.
6.13 The chimney must be securely and tightly fixed on the chimney input pipe. It is not recommended to enter the chimney inside the chimney, reducing its cross section.
6.14 Chimney must have a vertical direction and not to have narrowings. It is allowed to have no more than two changes in the direction of the chimney axis, and the angle of deviation from the vertical should be no more than 30 °.
6.15 Collective chimney can be designed round or rectangular sections. With rectangular section, the ratio of the main side to less should not exceed 1.5, the angles should be rounded with a radius of a rounding of at least 20 mm.
6.16 Chimneys and chimneys should be gas-class P (SNIP 41-01), prevent air subcometations in places of compounds and additions to chimneys and to be performed from the materials of the NG group capable of resolving without loss of tightness and strength of mechanical stress resistant to the transportable and surrounding Environment, and after installation - subjected to tests for strength and tightness.
The use for the manufacture of chimneys, smokers and ducts of asbetic cement, ceramics and other materials is allowed only in the presence of certificates of conformity of the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Economy.
When the transit gasket of air ducts should provide the required limits of fire resistance of their structures according to SNiP 41-01.
6.17 The structural elements of the chims and air ducts must be factory manufacture and have a certificate of conformity.
In the case of the use of chimneys of the collection design of metal materials, the compound of chimney parts should be carried out by connecting fasteners (tossed clamps) or welding. To compact compounds, the use of non-combustible sealing materials is allowed.
In the case of the use of chimneys of the team design from non-metallic materials, tees of collective chimney compounds with chims should be necessarily manufactured in factory conditions and have certificates of conformity.
6.18 The nodes of the butt compounds of chimneys should be located outside the design of the overlap (coating) at distances that ensure the convenience of their installation, maintenance and repair. The joints must have devices that exclude sections offset relative to each other.
The designs of the sealing of the holes in the fields of chimney passages through the ceiling (coating) of the residential building should ensure the stability of the chimney design and the possibility of their displacements caused by temperature effects.
It is not recommended to use holes in floors or walls as elements of chimneys.
6.19 At the top of the chimney, a headband should be provided that prevents snow, rain and garbage into the chimney. The design of the head tree should not impede the yield of flue gases under all weather conditions. The weekend section of the glove should be at least twice the sequence of the mouth of the chimney (duct).
6.20 The smokers are allowed to provide for no more than three turns, including the compound with chimney, with a radius of rounding - at least diameter of the pipe. At the same time, turning angles should be no more than 90 °.
6.21 Chimneys and chimneys should be thermally insulated by non-combustible materials of the NG Group. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer should be calculated based on the conditions for ensuring the maximum temperature on the coating layer not above 40 ° C. The temperature of the inner surface of the chimney in the operating mode should be higher than the temperature of the dew point of the flue gases at the calculated temperature of the outer air.
6.22 In the lower part of the chimney, a medium of at least 0.5 m high for garbage collection and other solid particles and condensate should be provided. The camera should have an opening for inspection, cleaning and device for condensate. The opening should be hermetically closed with a metal door.
6.23 The minimum height of the chimney from the place of attachment of the smoke-feeding of the last boiler to the fellow on the roof should be at least 3 m.
6.24 For alignment of thrust at the bottom of the chimney, it is necessary to provide a device for an adjustable supply of air, located above the collector chamber, but not lower than 0.5 m from its bottom.
Air supply pipe must be protected from trash and foreign objects.
6.25 In the lower and upper parts of the chimney, holes with plugs should be provided for measuring the temperature of the flue gases and the chimney vacuum.
6.26 The distance from the chimney to the wall or ceiling of non-combustible materials should be taken at least 50 mm. In the designs of the outer layer of walls or ceilings from combustible materials, the distance to them should be taken at least 250 mm.
6.27 In the case of use for considerable heat generators of the heat generators of various heat generators, only those heat generators, nominal heat produce that differ from no more than 30% differ in a smaller side of the heat generator with maximum heat producing can be added to the collective chimney.
6.28 The height of chimneys from heat generators in buildings is accepted according to the results of aerodynamic calculation and verification on the conditions of dispersion in the atmosphere of harmful substances in accordance with OND-86 and should be (Figure 1):
not less than 0.5 m above the skate or parapet of the roof when they are arranged (counting horizontally) at least 1.5 m from the skate or parapet of the roof;
to a level with a skate or parapet of the roof, if they are within a distance of up to 3 m from the roofing of the roof or parapet;
not lower than a straight line conducted from the skate or parapel down at an angle of 10 ° to the horizon, when the chimneys is located at a distance of more than 3 m from the skate or parapet of the roof;
not less than 0.5 m above the border of the winddow zone, if close to the chimney are higher parts of the building, buildings or trees.
Figure 1 - options for choosing the height of the chimney above the roof of the building depending on its location
In all cases, the height of the chimney over the adjacent part of the roof must be at least 0.5 m, and for houses with a flat roof - at least 2.0 m.
The mouth of brick chimneys in the absence of a cap to a height of 0.2 m should be protected from atmospheric precipitation with a layer of cement mortar.
7 Power Supply and Automation
7.1 To power the automation and control systems of the heat generator must be provided:
power supply voltage 220V from a single-phase network with grounding;
installing the power generator power outlet equipped with a zero protective conductor and is connected to entering an automatic switch. The wire cross-section should be chosen in accordance with PUE, instructions in the passport on the boiler or installation instructions and adjustment of the manufacturer of the heat generator.
7.2 Floor heat generators used for public premises can be equipped with built-in current-forming devices and an independent ground loop with a terminal connected to a building grounding circuit.
7.3 Installation of protective shutdown devices should be performed in accordance with Pue, NPB 243 and SP 31-110.
7.4 In rooms where heat generators are installed, the installation of gas-bearing alarms, which are triggered by reaching the gas acquisition of a 10% of the lower concentration limit of the flame (NKPR) of the natural gas.
The zagaznost signaling must be selected with a high-speed electromagnetic valve installed on the gas insertion into the room and the gas supply in the gas supply signal.
7.5 The heat generator must be equipped with a device that provides automatic maintenance of air temperature in residential premises on a constant, user-adjustable level.
7.6 In each apartment in a representative residential room, it is recommended to provide the installation of the air temperature regulator equipped with an indoor air temperature sensor providing automatic maintenance of a given temperature to the heat generator operation control unit.
7.7 In the heat generator public premises, it is recommended to provide for the placement of automatic fire detectors according to the NPB 88 and the installation of an autonomous fire detector when placing a heat generator in the kitchen.
7.8 At the gas supply to the boiler installed in the heat generator for public premises, the installation of heat-sensitive valves should be provided.
7.9 To control the operation of heat generators, it is necessary to organize dispatching service. Signals (light and sound) must be transmitted to the dispatch point:
normal boiler operation;
emergency stop boiler;
location of the room;
the occurrence of a fire (when placing a heat generator in heat generator);
unauthorized penetration of foreign people to the room heat generator.
7.10 Fans, locking valve valve valve, as well as design, execution, installation method, the insulation class of electrical installations of rooms with heat generators must comply with environmental conditions and the requirements of the respective PUE heads.
8 Heating, ventilation, water supply and sewage
8.1 Heating and ventilation
8.1.1 With the quarter heat supply, the heating and ventilation system should be designed according to SNiP 41-01 and this document.
8.1.2 Heating should provide air temperature in residential premises, in public premises and heat generates for the cold period of the year within the norms caused by the requirements of GOST 30494 and GOST 12.1.005 with the calculated external air parameters for the relevant areas of construction.
8.1.3 Estimated air exchange in heat generator public premises should be determined taking into account heat dissipation from pipelines and equipment. At the same time, the air exchange must be no less than once per hour. If it is impossible to provide the necessary air exchange due to natural ventilation, the ventilation with mechanical motivation should be design.
8.1.5 Heating of staircases and elevator halls should be provided in accordance with SNiP 41-01.
8.1.6 In the cold period of the year, the temperature of heated premises when they are not used should not be below 15 ° C.
8.1.7 Heating system It is recommended to provide:
passing two-pipe with wiring around the perimeter of the apartment;
"Rauchery" with centrally located feed and reverse collectors;
one-tube.
Adjustable reinforcement for heating devices of two-pipe heating systems is recommended to be taken with increased hydraulic resistance.
8.1.8 The pipelines of heating and hot water systems should, as a rule, are designed to design from steel, copper, brass, heat-resistant polymer or metal-polymer materials in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01.
When the copper pipelines are attached to aluminum radiators to prevent electrochemical corrosion, it is necessary to provide inserts from another material.
A device of pipelines made of polymer and metal-polymer pipes without protective screens in direct exposure places of ultraviolet rays is not allowed.
8.1.9 On each heating device, it is recommended to include the installation of an automatic thermostat according to GOST 30815, which ensures the maintenance of the specified room temperature.
8.1.10 The initial filling or emergency feed circuit of the heating system should be carried out with water that meets the requirements of the manufacturer of the heat generator, or non-freezing fluids allowed as a coolant for closed heat supply systems by the Gossennadzor of Russia and the manufacturer of the heat generator. Emergency filling of the heating system with water from the cold water supply system corresponding to the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074.
8.2 Water pipe and sewage
8.2.1 Designing of water supply systems, sewage and hot water supply should be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 31-01, SNiP 2.04.01 and this document.
8.2.2 To the place of installation of the heat generator, a water supply system should be provided for the water supply of hot water supply and a device for filling the contour of the heating system and its feeding.
8.2.3 The maximum water consumption of the hot water supply system with quarter heat supply is calculated depending on the number of installed sanitary and technical devices.
8.2.4 Before connecting to the heat generator, the water supply system should be thoroughly rinsed and placed.
8.2.5 To account for water consumption at each input of water supply in an apartment or to the public premises, it should be provided for the installation of a commercial metering device (water meter).
8.2.6 To protect equipment from clogging should be provided for the installation of a mechanical filter on each input of the water supply system to the building.
Depending on the quality of tap water and in the presence of special requirements for the quality of water, the manufacturer of the heat generator for hot water systems should include the installation of portable anti-skip devices that have a sanitary and hygienic conclusion.
8.2.7 The water temperature of hot water supply at the outlet of the heat generator is established by the consumer under the terms of use, but not higher than 70 ° C.
8.2.8 If there are two sanitary blocks in the apartment (bath and shower unit) to simultaneously provide them with hot water, it is necessary to establish a capacitive water heater connected to the hot water preparation system of the boiler. Capacity of the capacitive water heater should be chosen from the calculation of the provision of hot water of all watershed devices.
8.2.9 For receiving discharges from safety valves, plots from heat generators and emptying the heating system should include devices for draining into sewage.
9 Construction, Installation and Operation
9.1 Installation of consuming heat supply systems should be performed according to the approved projects.
9.2 Installation of safe heat supply systems is allowed after performing the following work in a residential building:
installation of floors, coatings, walls, partitions, on which heat generators must be mounted;
installation of general ventilation;
installation of a water supply network, network of fire water supply, sewage, electrical wiring and electrical equipment;
preparation of holes and installation of cases for laying chimneys and air ducts through building structures of a residential building;
preparation and plastering of channels (furrows) in the walls and partitions - with a hidden laying of pipelines;
watching and painting (or facing) wall surfaces in places of heat generators.
9.3 It is allowed to install pipelines, heat generators, chimneys, chimneys and air ducts until the end of the installation of electrical wiring and electrical equipment is able to connect electrified mounting tools and welding equipment to the source of electricity.
9.4 The installation of pipelines, heating devices and fittings is not allowed until the construction work is completed, as a result of which the heating and hot water supply systems may be damaged or must be temporarily fully or partially dismantled.
9.5 The heat generator should be set after the installation of the heating system and in the room in which it is mounted, plastering (finishing) works.
9.6 When installing the considerable systems of heat supply in existing buildings follow:
when using existing chimneys and ventilation channels, the installation of heat generators only under the presence of an act on the technical condition of chimneys and ventilation channels and compliance with their requirements of this Code of Rules;
when applying dialing channels, remove floor coverings, examine the technical condition of the slabs of the overlap and prepare for the passage of chimneys or air ducts by drilling the slabs of the overlap.
9.7 Installation, commissioning and operational acceptance should be performed in accordance with the requirements of PB 12-529, norms and instructions of enterprises - equipment manufacturers.
9.8 When installing vertical chimneys and air ducts must be provided:
tightness, especially in places setting them on supporting structures;
vertical of chimney;
the alignment of the links (sections) of chimneys;
tight fit of the clamps and seals to the pipes, as well as the strength of their compounds;
the stability of chimneys by swelling them to the slabs of overlapping (coating);
project thickness of thermal insulation throughout the chimney, chimney and air duct;
conducting checks on the tightness of chimneys;
drawing up an act on hidden work;
free movement of chimneys from temperature effects and protection against damage by their intersectable construction structures.
After installing the chimney and the air duct, actuating schemes for the placement of pipe sections should be drawn up indicating the placement of butt connections.
9.9 In the process of installation, the manufacturer of work should conduct operational control to verify the implementation of the requirements of the project and the quality of work performed with the compilation of acts for hidden work.
Compounds of flexible supply from the gas pipeline to equipment must be tested for pressure of at least 0.01 MPa.
9.10 When commissioning the consumption of consumption of heat supply should be verified by testing the performance of all the controls of control, alarm and heat generator automation elements according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the heat generator. All elements of gas supply control systems, including valves on the gas supply pipe, should be inspected.
9.11 All systems of heating and water supply before filling them with water should be thoroughly washed and compressed.
9.12 Prior to the production of commissioning work, hydraulic testing of the heat supply system should be performed.
9.13 Maintenance (service and warranty) and the repair of domestic gas pipelines and gas equipment should be carried out on the basis of contracts concluded between the owner (subscriber) and specialized organizations that have emergency dispatch service and the license for the right to perform work on the operation.
9.14 Maintenance of gas pipelines, gas equipment, chimneys and chimneys should be carried out in accordance with *.
_________________
* CM. Bibliography section, poses - Note Database Manufacturer.
9.15 When concluding contracts for maintenance, it is necessary to state the conditions for its implementation with the long absence of the owner.
9.16 In the presence of uncomplicated apartments, the owner of a residential building is responsible for the safe operation of the consuming heat supply systems in these apartments.
9.17 Dismantling and permutation of gas pipelines and gas equipment during operation should be carried out by the personnel of a specialized service.
9.18 The owner (subscriber) is responsible for the implementation of instructions for the operation, compliance with the rules of safe use of gas and the content of consumption of heat supply in good technical condition.
9.19 Maintenance of chimneys and supply air ducts should be carried out at least 1 time in 6 months during the first two years from the moment of commissioning, subsequently - at least 1 time per year.
Appendix A (Reference). Bibliography
Appendix A.
(Reference)
OND-86 Methods for calculating concentrations in the atmospheric air of harmful substances contained in emissions of enterprises. Approved by the State Government of the USSR.
Temporary procedure for maintenance of gas equipment in residential buildings and public buildings. Approved by the Ministry of Energy of Russia.
________________
The document is canceled on the basis of a joint order of the Gosstroke of Russia and the Ministry of Energy of Russia of October 9, 2001 NN 235, 289. - Note database manufacturer.
Aerodynamic calculation of boiler installations. Regulatory method / TsCTI named after I. Polyzunova. - L.: Energy, 1977.
________________
The document is not given. For more information, refer to the link. - Note database manufacturer.
UDC 697.317 (083.133) G24 Ous 91.140.20 OKSTA 4990
Keywords: consuming heat supply systems, heat generators, gas fuel, buildings Residential, heating, hot water supply
______________________________________________________________________________________
Electronic document text
prepared Codex JSC and drilled by:
official edition
M.: FSUE CPP, 2005
Approved and enacted
Order of the Ministry of Construction
and housing and communal services
Russian Federation
SET OF RULES
Apartment thermal points in apartment buildings
Design rules
Apartment Heating Units In Multicompartment Buildings.
Regulations of Design.
SP 334.1325800.2017
Date of administration
Preface
Information about the rules
1 performers - SANTEKHPROEKT LLC, NP "AVOK"
2 Submitted by the Technical Committee on Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 prepared for approval by the Department of Urban Planning and Architecture of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation (MinStroy Russia)
4 approved and commissioned by order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation of August 29, 2017 N 1180 / PR and put into action from March 2, 2018
5 Registered by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart)
6 introduced for the first time
In case of revision (replacement) or the cancellation of this Code of Rules, the appropriate notification will be published in the prescribed manner. Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the developer (MinStroy Russia) on the Internet
Introduction
This set of rules was developed in accordance with the federal laws "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Facilities" and "On Energy Saving and on Energy Efficiency and Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation". The requirements of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" and Cores of the Rules of Fire Protection System, the provisions of the current construction standards and drafts of rules, domestic experience in research and project practices are also taken into account.
This set of rules establishes the requirements for the design of apartment thermal points in apartment buildings, including SP 124.13330, SP 60.13330, SP 30.13330, SP 54.13330.
The rules set made by the author's team: NP "Avok" (Dr. Tech. Sciences, prof. Yu.A. Tabunshchikov, Cand. Tech. Sciences V.I. Livchak, Cand. Tech. Sciences M.M. Brodach, Cand tehn. Science N.V. Shilkin); LLC "SANTEKHPROEKT" (Cand. Tech. Science A.Ya. Sharipov).
1 area of \u200b\u200buse
1.1 This set of rules extends to the design of apartment thermal points in apartment buildings, including blocked residential buildings.
1.2 Requirements of this Code of Rules should be applied using the horizontal consumption of the heating system as during reconstruction and under new construction.
2 Regulatory references
Regulatory references to the following documents were used in this Code of Rules:
SP 30.13330.2016 "Snip 2.04.01-85 * Internal water supply and sewage system"
SP 54.13330.2016 "Snip 31-01-2003 Buildings Residential Multi-Buildings"
SP 89.13330.2016 "SNIP II-35-76 boiler installations"
Note - When using this Code of Rules, it is advisable to verify the action of reference documents in the public information system - on the official website of the federal executive authority in the field of standardization on the Internet or on the annual information indicator "National Standards", which is published as of January 1 of the current year , and on the issues of the monthly information pointer "National Standards" for the current year. If the reference document is replaced, to which the undated link is given, it is recommended to use the current version of this document, taking into account all changes made to this version. If a reference document is replaced, to which a dated reference is given, it is recommended to use the version of this document with the above-mentioned approval (adoption). If, after approval of this Code of Rules in the reference document to which a dated reference is given, a change has been made affecting the provider to which the link is given, this provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account this change. If the reference document is canceled without replacement, the position in which the link is given to it is recommended to be applied to a part that does not affect this reference. For information on the action of draft rules, it is advisable to check in the federal information fund of standards.
3 Terms and Definitions
The following Terms with the relevant definitions are applied in this Code of Rules:
3.2 Source of thermal energy: a complex of devices, installations, buildings, structures for the production of thermal energy.
3.3 Apartment thermal point; KTP: Item (device, knot) Connecting a separate apartment to domestic or local heating and cold water distribution networks for DHW, which serves for local distribution and accounting for thermal energy income to the consumer (energy resources) and control of heating systems and cooking hot water for a separate apartment.
3.5 Autonomous boiler room (individual): boiler room designed for the heat supply of one building or facility.
3.6 Central Boiler room: Boiler room designed for several buildings and facilities associated with the exterior thermal networks.
3.8 Heating Device: A device for heating the room by transferring heat from the coolant coming from the heat source to the environment.
3.9 Accounting Device: TECHNICAL APPEASE for measuring the flow / volume / amount of the resource used, having normalized metrological characteristics, which is reproducing and / or storing a unity of the physical quantity, the size of which is assumed unchanged (within the established error) for a certain time interval, and allowed to use for commercial accounting.
3.10 Regulation Quality: regulation of heat energy leave by changing the temperature of the coolant.
3.11 Control Quantity: control of heat energy leave by changing the coolant consumption.
3.12 Heat point: A complex of equipment, devices, installations, devices located in a building or room, intended for transformation, distribution and heat control, control of hydraulic and thermal modes, control over the parameters of the coolant, taking into account heat consumption and coolant.
4 designations and abbreviations
In this Code of Rules, the following notation and abbreviations are applied:
In - auxiliary equipment;
PPU - water preparatory installation;
B1 - Hydfire and drinking water supply;
DHW - hot water supply;
DV - blowing fan;
NVIE - non-traditional renewable energy;
OK - heating circuit;
PS - contour of the heated towel rail;
STS - heat supply system;
TOU - technological equipment and installations;
T1, T2 - the supply and return highway of the thermal network;
T11, T22 - the supply and return highway of the STS;
T12, T21 - the feed and return highway OK;
T13, T23 - feed and reverse highway OK;
T3 - Economic and drinking water pipeline DHW;
T4 - DHW recycling;
Utee - a node of the metering of thermal energy;
Hydz - cold water supply;
CST - centralized heat supply system.
5 General provisions
5.1 When using a horizontal consumption of the heating system of newly designed and reconstructed residential buildings, for which heat supply is carried out from the centralized heat supply system or the autonomous heat source, the parameters of the coolant in which exceed the permissible norms by clause 6.1.6 SP 60.13330.2016, the connection is made through the intermediate The house thermal item, equipped with devices for quantitative and high-quality regulation and taking into account thermal energy consumption for the whole house.
5.2 For reconstructed residential buildings, the use of a horizontal consolutionary wiring of the heating system and installing equipment for automated control of heat consumption for heating, depending on weather conditions, is carried out with the definition of the technical capabilities of the installation of KTP equipment on the basis of a survey material of the reconstructed residential building.
5.3 For residential buildings with a horizontal consumption wiring of the heating system and the KTP device, which are connected to heat supply systems, the parameters of the coolant in which not exceeding the permissible norms, there is only a common node of heat metering.
5.4 For single-headed and blocked residential buildings, connected to centralized or autonomous heat sources, KTP can be equipped with flow or capacitive water heaters to heat the water hot water system.
The scheme of a complex automated control system for the heat supply of a residential area with quantitative and high-quality regulation is shown in Figure 5.1.
Figure 5.1 - Comprehensive Automated System
control of the heat supply of a residential area
with quantitatively quality regulation
5.5 Thermal and hydraulic modes of quantitative control of heat energy release are presented in Figure 5.2.
The temperature of the primary heat carrier T. 1
Temperature heating schedule T. 1ot, T. 2ot
Hot Water Floor Schedule T. 1GV, T. 2
Full pressure at the end point L.;
The disposable pressure at the end point L.;
Head in return pipe at point L.;
N. 1 - full pressure at the source;
N. C - disposed pressure on the network;
N. in - pressure on the return pipeline on the network at the source;
A-K-L - network control points;
N K. 1 - full pressure at point K.;
Disposable K.;
N K. 2 - pressure in the back of the pipeline at the point K.;
Z. - Geodesic mark at point K. in relation to the point A.
Figure 5.2 - Heat and hydraulic modes
quantitative Heat Energy Leave
5.6 In order to ensure the ability to reduce the power of autonomous sources of heat supply and / or performance of the general-purpose ITP, the installation of the hot water preparation assembly of the GWS KTP system should be provided with the priority direction of the coolant flow.
6 Basic requirements for the design of apartment thermal items in apartment buildings
6.1 Requirements for equipment and placement of apartment thermal points
6.1.1 KTP is a modular factory readiness device calculated for wall or built-in mounting (including directly on heat supply), transforming the parameters of the coolant and redistributing (depending on the adopted CTP schema) flows of the coolant in the heating circuit or / and hot water supply Apartments and heat load control of these contours.
6.1.2 KTP ensures the possibility of heating the apartment during the period of interseasonal oscillations of climatic indicators of outer air, allows for full accounting of actually spent energy resources for heat and water supply.
6.1.3 KTP consists of a flow water heater of the hot water supply system of the apartment and the heating system connecting the heating system by the dependent scheme without changing the parameters or by independent scheme with a flow water heater of the heating system. The KTP may include UWE. The KTP device can provide a hydraulic connection of the DHW and heating circuit, providing:
The priority mode of operation of the hot water supply circuit with automatic shutdown by the hydraulic drive of the coolant feed into the heating system in the event of a need for hot water and the appropriate turning on the supply of coolant in the water heater circuit;
Parallel supply of hot water water heater coolant and heating system with conditionally priority mode of operation of the contour of the hot water supply of KTP. The supply of heat carrier in the water heater circuit is carried out when the hydraulic drive is triggered at the beginning of the water intake.
The priority mode of operation of the DHW contour is not mandatory, since the WATS water heater in the KTP is calculated on the peak water treatment mode. When designing a CTP with a priority operation of the DHW circuit, it is necessary to take into account the possible increase in the hydraulic resistance of the WAT water heater and, as a result, the entire KTP, which can lead to a violation of the thermal balance of the building.
KTP is allowed to connect both to the CST networks with the installation of an intermediate house thermal point (simplified layout) and directly to local heat supply networks from the central or individual (autonomous) boiler (simplified layout), with operating parameters that do not exceed the maximum allowable for KTP, and Also to NVIE sources with low-temperature coolant.
6.1.4 The coolant for the house two-pipe heat supply system is supplied to the apartment. In the heat supply scheme with the CTP, the production of hot water is carried out locally in the apartment of the consumer, which ensures the absence of a centralized DHW system and hot water circulation lines for the building.
6.1.5 Hydraulic CTP diagram with proportional or thermostatic adjustment is shown in Figure 6.1.
for washing, filling and draining (optional);
7 - connector for cold water meter;
8 - a connector for thermal energy meter;
9 - coupling for the immersion sleeve of the heat meter;
10 - shut-off ball valve
Figure 6.1 - hydraulic diagram of the CTP basic configuration
6.1.6 CTP Wall-mounted installation full factory readiness should be placed in niches, mines of risers both inside and outside the residential premises, directly on the bathroom wall using decorative overhead covers.
6.1.7 The distribution of the coolant for the building is carried out on a two-pipe scheme (two-wire distribution risers). Places of laying of risers and, respectively, the implemented diagram of the distribution of the coolant is determined by the project.
6.1.8 Depending on the configuration of the building and the received design solution, the KTP is allowed to be located in plumbing areas, in the stairs of the lift hall. To ensure the constant readiness of each KTP to supply hot water to the consumer (especially in the summer mode) in the latter to connect to the KTP rinking, it is necessary to organize the circulation of the coolant, using the CTP, equipped with a thermal circulation bridge (see 7.6), or install a remote thermal Circulation Bridge in extreme point of riser. It is also required to establish a thermal circulation bridge when removing the KTP from the main pipeline of more than 3 m.
6.1.9 It is most preferable to install the KTP in the main plumbing area (the main consumers of hot water) apartments or in close proximity to it (see 7.7).
6.1.10 Scheme 1. Distribution vertical riser on the group of the same type of apartments, KTP in an apartment or flight lift lift
Distribution risers are combined in technical underground laying highways. At the base of each riser, balancing fittings (static and / or automatic valves) are installed. You should pay attention to the range of adjustment of balancing reinforcement when the manufacturer is selected. Distribution risers are usually paved in the plumbing area. KTP is mounted directly on the riser or near it, with accommodation in an apartment or flight lift, depending on the accepted architectural and planning solution. Consider requirements 7.6 and 7.7.
6.1.11 Scheme 2. Central distribution riser on the floor apartment group, storey distributor, KTP in an apartment or flight lift lift
Each floor is organized with a camshaft with installation on it balancing fittings (static and / or automatic valves). You should pay attention to the regulation range when choosing a manufacturer of balancing reinforcement. The coolant is distributed through the floor by means of pipelines connecting the distribution comb and KTP, which is placed in the apartment or flight lift lift. It is necessary to equip KTP thermal circulation bridge (see 7.6).
6.1.12 To ensure the same parameters of the calculated pressure on entering each consumer (branch to KTP), depending on the length of the riser, balancing fittings are installed in places available for maintenance and adjustment.
6.1.13 The installation site of the KTP should be selected taking into account many criteria and not all of them can be provided simultaneously. For example, the place of parsing of hot water can be located far enough from the installation site of the KTP. When the lines of the apartment system of the DHW connecting the main consumer of hot water and KTP, more than 3 dm 3 (17 m pipes with a conditional passage of 15 mm) in KTP it is recommended to install a DHW circulation line with a pump (see 7.7) to ensure comfortable consumption parameters hot water.
6.1.14 It should be paid to the remoteness of the location of the KTP itself from the heat supply riser, which is particularly relevant for the summer period of operation of the system in the absence of heating load. The remoteness of the CTP is more than 3 m from the heat supply rim also leads to the cooler of the coolant and increase the readiness of the CTP to ensure the consumer with hot water. In such KTP, the installation of a thermal circulation bridge is required (see 7.6).
6.1.15 With the simultaneous remoteness of the KTP from the heat supply rim and remoteness of hot water parsing devices from the location of the KTP, a set of measures should be used to ensure the required level of comfort.
6.1.16 When choosing a CTP installation site, you must consider the following:
Remoteness of the location of the KTP from the heat supply rim and to the main consumer of hot water;
Availability for installation, care, elimination of failures and visual reading of indications (Possible placement on the staircase, dispatch);
Elimination of pollution (when placed in the bathroom or in close proximity to the cooking point);
Easy installation: Mounting in a mine, the use of the existing chimney (reconstruction), installation in the old distribution channel (reconstruction), etc.
6.1.17 KTP should provide in rooms during the heating period the air temperature within the optimal parameters set by GOST 30494, with the calculated external air parameters for the corresponding areas of construction and the preparation of the desired volume of hot water of a given temperature according to the SP 30.13330.
6.1.18 When connecting to the CTP to centralized heat supply networks or directly to local heat supply networks from the central or individual (autonomous) boiler operating parameters of the environment should not exceed the maximum allowable for KTP.
6.1.19 CCC circuit solutions depending on the source of heat supply applied in Figures 6.2, 6.3.
6.1.20 When connecting the internal heat supply system of a multi-apartment residential building using a CTP schema to an autonomous source (Figure 6.2), it is necessary to use a quantitative heat release adjustment, and the temperature control of the coolant in the internal circuit according to the quantitative and high-quality control point method is chosen from the heating condition hot Waters to a temperature adopted in the apartment heat exchangers.
6.1.21 The internal heat supply system of an apartment building with the use of a CTP schema should be attached to the system of the city CCT through heat exchangers installed in the house thermal paragraph (Figure 6.3). In this case, the circulation of the coolant in the house-rescipable pipelines is carried out by a network pump, and control the temperature of the coolant, depending on the temperature of the outer air according to the flow rate at a temperature of 70 ° C - the control valve. At the introduction in the heat station, there is a house heat meter, regardless of the installation of the heat meter in the KTP.
1 - boiler installation; 2 - Controller
Figure 6.2 - Layout layout
when applying the heat supply scheme with KTP.
Heat Source - Individual Boiler
1 - network heat exchanger; 2 - Controller
source 1; 3 - buffer container of the coolant;
4 - distribution manifold; 5 - contour of heat supply:
A - residential premises, b - common areas
Figure 6.3 - the layout of the thermal point when applying
schemes of heat supply with KTP.
Heat Source - Heat Network
6.2 Electrical Synopation Requirements
6.2.1 As a rule, the CTP operates due to its own pressure of water (pressure drop in heat supply and pressure network in the HPP system) of the heat and water supply system, the supply of electricity is necessary only in the case of the use of functionally advanced CTP schemes and does not affect its performance in Case of power outages.
6.2.2 Requirements for the supply of power supply, the placement of electrical reinforcement, the selection of the section of the supply cables is determined based on the manufacturer's guidelines.
6.3 Requirements for automation and dispatching
6.3.1 Adjusting the parameters of the DHW and the heating system is possible using thermostatic or electronic control (electronic controller with a valve and electric drive).
6.3.2 The temperature control in the apartment is carried out by means of radiator thermostats or the central thermostat of the apartment (zone thermostats) feeding the signal to the central valve (zone valves) located in the KTP and including / turning off the coolant supply in the heating circuit, which allows local pass control And provide consumer comfortable conditions.
6.3.3 Features of the organization of the organization of thermal energy due to a sharply variable mode of operation of the CTP, the thermal energy accounting device must quickly respond to changes in flow and temperature of the coolant to ensure the accuracy of the testimony. In this regard, it is recommended to apply accounting devices with a high frequency of pulse updates (up to one pulse per minute) and low-inertion temperature sensors.
6.4 Requirements for the design of water supply systems
6.4.1 Ensuring the regulatory temperature of hot water
The range of permissible temperatures in the GVS system is regulated by the SP 30.13330. The lower limit of the hot water temperature is provided by the CTP by comparable to the parameters of the STS obtained by the calculated path, and the three-way hydraulic regulator-distributor of a proportional action consumption (see 7.5), as well as the following method:
Qualitatively quantitative control of heat load - for individual group boiler room;
High-quality heat load control - for thermal network.
With the ratio of hydraulic resistances OK and GVS KTP 
In the DHW circuit, the flow rate of the coolant exceeds the required one is supplied. In this case, hot water will overheat, and therefore it is required to complete the CTP with a thermostatic DHW mixer (see Figure 7.7), providing protection against burning. Also, the thermostatic DHW mixer is allowed to be installed to ensure the safety of the consumer in the event of uncountable parameters in the STS (at the discretion of the designer) or set at the stage of operation, if necessary.
When using thermostatic control of consumption in the DHW system, the provision of a regulatory temperature of hot water is carried out by means of a thermostatic flow regulator that changes the flow rate of the heating coolant, depending on the water temperature in the DHW circuit. In this case, the complex set by the thermostatic mixer of the DHW is not required.
6.4.2 Water for household needs and coolant should meet the standards for designing heat and water supply systems.
6.4.3 For KTP, a DHW mode is characterized with a reduced intensity of the formation of deposits due to the variable mode of operation of the water heater itself. Due to the use of copper-burning water heaters to eliminate corrosion in plates, it is necessary to ensure measures to limit the content of iron in the coolant and drinking water within the regulatory level.
6.4.4 In the ITP (boiler room), automatic maintenance of pressure in the HALL system must be ensured in the specified limits. Depending on the material used, it is recommended to add KTP with coarse cleaning filters in the HPP connection line.
6.4.5 To regulate a static pressure in the HB3 system, the installation of pressure regulators is necessary. In the KTP scheme at the input of the HALS line to the WATS water heater, the throttle washer is installed to provide a given hot water flow project.
6.4.6 Static pressure in the HALL system in the consumer is calculated according to the SP 30.13330. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the resistance of the KTP nodes in the DHW and HBW mode.
6.4.7 Hydals riser is calculated on the total water consumption for providing customers and water to heat into the CTP, taking into account the consumption simultaneity. With a scheme with KTP, constancy of the pressure in the lines of cold and hot water from the consumer is ensured.
7 Classification of technical solutions of apartment thermal points
7.1 KTP in heating mode (Figure 6.1). Office approaches
Heating heat carrier T11 from the house thermal point enters the KTP, passes through the dirt leader 6 and enters the heating system T12 (according to a dependent or independent scheme). Having passed the apartments, the T21 coolant also passes the dirt collector and through the zonal valve 5, which regulates the flow of the heat carrier to heating, passes the thermal energy accounting device (if installed) 8 and returns to the return pipe T22 of the heat supply system of the building.
7.2 Radiator heating
The heating circuit of the apartment serves the flow of heat carrier to cover thermal losses of no more required by calculation. To limit the flow rate of the coolant entering the heating circuit, at the adjustment stage, the preset is set on the zonal valve 5 (Figure 6.1). The setting is determined by the estimated path and take into account the additional resistance of the heating circuit relative to the contour of the DHW of the Apartment under consideration for their hydraulic coordination and eliminating noise in the heating system. The temperature control in the rooms is allowed to carry out thermostatic regulators installed on heating radiators or by means of a central electronic thermostat installed in the control room. In the second case, the signal from the central thermostat is fed to the executive two-position thermoelectric drive, which is installed on the zonal valve of 5 KTP. At the same time, heating is carried out by the method of local passes. The use of the central thermostat allows you to introduce an individual heating program. Also, the heating system of the apartment is possible to divide into contours with the installation of thermostats in each room of the apartment (radiation layout of the heating system). The thermostat is given a signal to the valve of its zone (KTP is equipped with a distributor). To organize the heating system, the apartment applicable both ring and radiation layout schemes. When installing thermostats for heating devices, preference should be given to the radiation layout scheme, which ensures more efficient operation of the thermostats and, as a result, the greater effect of energy saving during regulation.
7.3 Heating of the premises with a system of warm floors
It is possible to carry out the heating of an apartment with a system of warm floors (lowered temperature schedule). To do this, in the CTP, the mixing unit with the pump (Figure 7.1) is modularly installed. Various three-way mixer control options are possible: a thermostatic, electronic three-position temperature in a room or weather-dependent. Connecting the circuit of the warm floors to the system is carried out according to the dependent scheme through the reversed line built into the node 11.
7.4 Combined heating
A scheme of KTP is possible, which provides a combination of radiator heating and heating with a warm floors system (Figure 7.2).
7.5 KTP in DHW mode
The inclusion / disconnection of the DHW mode in KTP controls the hydraulic distributor of a proportional or thermostatic consumption. The distributor of the flow rate can have two versions of the performance - two-way or three-way with the function of the priority of the DHW. In the DHW mode, after a water heater, the KTP provides a low temperature of the return highway T21 by virtue of the flow (counter-flow diagram of the coolant) of the heating mode of drinking water.
7.6 DHW mode in summer
In the heat supply scheme with KTP, it is necessary to circulate the heating coolant T11 in the summer period of operation (lack of heating load) to ensure heating of hot water T3 in the KTP water heater. To do this, depending on the adopted circuit of the building networks (see 6.1), you must do the following. Under scheme 1 (see 6.1.11): in each KTP, remotely removed by more than 3 m from the coolant distribution line, set the thermal circulation bridge (the temperature regulator "after itself"), which has a tuning scale 45 ° C - 65 ° C (Figure 7.3, position 11). Under Scheme 2 (see 6.1.12): The thermal circulation bridge is installed in the extreme in the course of the movement of the CTP coolant connected to the riser under consideration, or install the remote thermal circulation bridge in extreme in the course of the movement of the coolant of the root point (for example, on the technical floor) ( Figure 7.4). With this solution, the stable temperature of the heating coolant T11 is ensured before the water heater sufficient to heate the calculated amount of drinking water to the normative level in the absence of heating load. The role of thermal circulation bridge can perform a valve mounted on a bathroom radiator (heated towel rail) (see 7.8). The use in the heat supply system of the thermal bridge of circulation reduces the loss of heat energy due to the absence of a centralized DHW system and periodic circulation of the T11 coolant for heating drinking water during the summer period.
7.7 Organization of the DHW contour with a significant remoteness of hot water analysis devices from the installation site KTP
The main criterion for determining the maximum remoteness of the device for the analysis of hot water from KTP is the internal volume of the pipeline connecting them, which should not exceed 3 dm 3 (3 l). Otherwise, the waiting time for the release of cooled water from the pipeline site turns out to be beyond the conditions of consumer conditions. To ensure a comfortable DHW in apartments with remote hot water parsing points in KTP, it is possible to modally set the hot water circulation assembly with a timer (Figure 7.5) or a thermostatic relay (Figure 7.6). Also, to ensure comfortable conditions for the preparation of hot water in the summer period of operation of the system, it is necessary to take into account the remoteness of the location of the KTP from the distribution network of the building and, if necessary, set the CTP thermal circulation bridge (see 7.6).
With the danger of overheating of water to ensure protection against burning, it is necessary to complete the CTP with a thermostatic DHW mixer (see 6.4.1 and Figure 7.7).
7.8 Organization of the radiator contour (heated towel rail) and the circuit of the warm floor in the bathroom
With a standard heat supply scheme in the circuit of the heated towel rail, water from the DHW system circulates. In the case of the application of the CTP scheme in the circuit of the heated towel rail circulates the coolant. At the same time, the contour of the heated towel rail is performed in the form of a branch from the main contour of the heating of the apartment. This is carried out in the KTP module itself (Figure 7.8) or by local valve installation on the reverse line of the towel railway, under the condition of the absence of a central control of the zonal valve or a configuration of the KTP by a distributor with a zonal valve installation on each branch (Figure 7.9, position 5). When applying the temperature regulator "After yourself", it also serves as a thermal circulation bridge (see 7.6). If it is necessary to install in the CTP circuit, the circuit of the DHW circulation (see 7.7) it is possible to connect the contour of the heated towel rail to the circulation line.
7.9 KTP scheme with reverse highway temperature limiter Contour of heating (Figure 7.10)
In heating mode, the estimated reverse highway T22 is ensured by compliance with the design requirements, as well as in ITP using the controller. In addition, if necessary, in the CTP, it is possible to modally set the reverse highway temperature limiter, which functions similarly to the thermal circulation bridge (see 7.7), providing regulation by "local pass" when the temperature of the reverse stream specified on the element itself is exceeded.
7.10 Hydraulic Balancing KTP in the system
For hydraulic conjugation of KTP, the system requires the installation of balancing fittings. Depending on the schema and project solution, balancing valves (static and / or automatic) are installed on risers, storey branches and / or branches to KTP (see also 6.1.7 - 6.1.13). At the same time, the valve function is to maintain the calculated pressure drop (automatic valve) when the coolant flow rate changes due to the inclusion / shutdown of the load of the DHW in the branch (riser) or maintaining a given pressure (static valve) for the branchedness under consideration (rising), which is required to limit Flow and head of the coolant in the settlement mode. The valve with the regulation range should be selected, providing the required pressure drop in the calculated mode of the total heating load and the DHW of all connected to the branch (rising) of consumers. It is also possible to equip the CTP by balancing reinforcement modular (Figure 7.11). It is mainly applicable when removing the CTP from other consumers or in projects of separately standing individual homes.
7.11 Features of the functioning of the CTP with a conditioned hydraulic linking of the mode of operation of the WAT WATER heater and the heating system
This CTP scheme is characterized by a greater total thermal connection power, because It does not provide 100% disconnection of the heating circuit of the apartment under consideration at the time of consumption of hot water (in contrast to the schemes discussed at 7.1). The coolant consumption in the heating circuit can only be limited to the resistance ratio relative to the DHW contour. CTP with a conditioned hydraulic linking of the mode of operation of the water heater of the DHW and the heating system makes it possible to ensure comparison with the CTP with the heating load of the priority DHW. It is mainly achieved by increasing the passage section of pipelines of the CTP connection to the STS and OK apartments T11, T12, T21 and T22, as well as due to the change in the coolant movement scheme, which compared to the scheme considered in 6.1.6, allows to provide lower Parameters of hydraulic resistance OK (at large coolant costs) and thereby increase the throughput heating capacity of KTP.
7.12 The use of KTP with a conditioned hydraulic connection of the mode of operation of the WAT WATER heater and heating system
CTP increased heating power (Figure 7.12) is used if the average daily ratio of loads of DHW and heating for the heating period exceeds 50% at the calculated temperature of the outer air for the design of heating above minus 30 ° C and at any ratio of loads for areas with a lower calculated temperature of the outer air . Under these conditions, it is also possible to use a CTP with a priority DHW mode, subject to checking the ability of the enclosing building structures to provide the required temperature parameters in the room during the operation of the CTP in the DHW priority mode during the peak pavement of hot water. The use of KTP with a hydraulic connection of the operation of the WAT WATER heater and the heating system is relevant when using a scheme with KTP for heat supply of premises of large areas or individual premises of administrative-house buildings, common areas with the organization of complete accounting of energy resources, cottages connected to the central boiler room.
7.13 KPT with conditional hydraulic bond
In the CTP with a conditioned hydraulic bonding of the operation of the water heater of the DHW and the heating system, a two-way hydraulic flow regulator is used, the function of which is the inclusion / disconnection of the DHW circuit and proportional or thermostatic regulation of its operation. The principle of operation is similar to those described at 7.6, excluding priority. 7.1 - 7.10 Applicable for the CTP scheme with a conditioned hydraulic bond. The two-way hydraulic regulator-distributor of a proportional action consumption has a primary contour choke to be able to control the coolant consumption when changing the temperature schedule of the STS.
7.14 KTP Saving Local GVS
The hydraulic scheme of the KTP to ensure the local DHW is shown in Figure 7.13. This KTP scheme performs only the function of ensuring a DHW. The CTP is equipped with a two-way hydraulic distributor of the flow rate. The principle of operation is similar to the functioning of the DHW contour, discussed at 7.5 in the aggregate from 7.13. CTP with a function for local DHW is allowed to be used to provide hot water remote or separate consumers within an apartment, cottage, an administrative and domestic building.
7.15 WVS Provision Station
The hydraulic scheme of the DHW provision is shown in Figure 7.14. At the time of starting a hot water, the duct sensor captures the flow of flow and gives a signal to the controller 2, which in turn includes the circulation pump 4 - the station is included in the work. Drinking water heats up in flow. At the end of the parsing of hot water, the station is turned off. The station also provides the adjustable circulation mode of hot water controller. Water heating mode is installed at the setup stage. The station has high hot water preparation capacity, which depends on the performance of the circulation pump. Also, a low level of the reverse line temperature is characterized for the flow of water heating mode, as in the case of the use of KTP (see 7.5). To ensure that the DHW heat exchanger is turned off during the absence of a water-based station, the station must be connected to the CTC via a hydraulic separator or the coolant buffer capacity to create zero dynamic pressure zone at the station input. A consistent cascade diagram of the connection of the DHW stations is possible. Connection is carried out along the line of intake of cold water through the bypass valve. DHW stations are relevant for decentralized provision of high parameters of water development in CTC of administrative household buildings, individual houses with a boiler room, allowing to cover the need for a heat power plant in the peak mode of DHW, in all systems using the buffer capacity of the coolant or connected to local thermal networks.
7.16 The choice of schemes and a set of equipment for the CTP is determined depending on the specific conditions on the basis of technical and economic calculations, including using various options for the combination of proposed schemes.
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
9 - Coupling
ball valve; 11 - bypass line (primary bypass);
12 - three-way mixer; 13 - thermostatic drive
mixer; 14 - electrical drive of the mixer, 220 V;
15 - circulation pump; 16 - adjustable bypass;
17 - Controller
Figure 7.1 - CPP scheme with mixing unit
for heating with a system of warm floors
Note - Mixing nodes of options 1 or option 2 are shown in Figure 7.1.
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter;
10 - shut-off ball valve
Figure 7.2 - CPP scheme with mixing unit
to combine radiator heating and warm floors
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor; 10 - shut-off
ball valve; 11 - Thermal Circulation Bridge
Figure 7.3 - CPP scheme, equipped with thermal
circulation bridge
a) - Upper Circulation Bridge B) - Lower Circulation Bridge
1 - automatic air vent; 2 - thermal bridge
circulation; 3 - drain crane
Figure 7.4 - Thermal Circulation Bridge, Installation
on heat supply riser
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter;
9 - coupling for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor;
10 - shut-off ball valve; 11 - Thermal Circulation Bridge
primary contour of the water heater of the DHW;
12 - hot water circulation line with pump, ~ 220 V;
13 - time relay, ~ 220 V
Figure 7.5 - CPP scheme with DHW circulation circulation.
Regulation by the time relay and thermal bridge
circulation circuit gvs.
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter; 9 - Coupling
for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor; 10 - shut-off
ball valve; 11 - solenoid valve, ~ 220 V;
12 - thermostatic relay;
13 - Circulating pump DHW, ~ 220 V
Figure 7.6 - CPP scheme with DHW circulation circulation.
Regulation by thermal relay
and solenoid valve
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - throttle washer DHW; 4 - air trap
(Maevsky's crane); 5 - zonal valve; 6 - Messelovitel
with ball valve for flushing, filling and draining;
7 - connector for cold water meter; 8 - connector
for heat meter; 9 - Coupling for the submersible sensor sleeve
temperatures; 10 - shut-off ball valve;
11 - thermostatic mixing valve for hot
water - burn protection
Figure 7.7 - CTP diagram with thermostatic mixer DHW
(Protection against possible burn)
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter; 9 - Coupling
for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor; 10 - shut-off
(contour of the heated towel rail)
Figure 7.8 - Organization of the contour of the heated towel rail
in the KTP module
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter; 9 - Coupling
for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor; 10 - shut-off
ball valve; 11 - reverse flow temperature limiter
(contour of the heated towel rail)
Figure 7.9 - organization of the contour of the heated towel rail
with the setting of the reverse flow temperature limiter
directly on the heated towel rail
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter;
9 - coupling for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor;
10 - shut-off ball valve; 11 - valve
Figure 7.10 - CPP scheme with temperature limiter
reverse highway contour heating
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - three-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter;
9 - coupling for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor;
10 - shut-off ball valve;
11 - Automatic balancing valve
Figure 7.11 - CPP scheme with automatic
balancing valve
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - air vent (crane Maevsky);
5 - zonal valve; 6 - Miscero with ball valve
for flushing, filling and draining; 7 - connector for counter
cold water; 8 - a connector for heat meter;
9 - coupling for the submersible sleeve temperature sensor;
10 - shut-off ball valve
Figure 7.12 - hydraulic scheme of KTP with conditional
hydraulic communication of the mode of operation of the WATS WATER heater
and heating systems
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - two-way
hydraulic flow distributor
proportional or thermostatic action;
3 - HPW throttle washer (necessary in case of use
proportional consumption distributor
actions); 4 - manual air vent; 5 - dirt leaders;
6 - thermal circulation bridge (when installing elements 7,
8 - not installed); 7 - Circulation circuit of DHW;
8 - Thermal Bridge Circulation Primary Contour
dHW circuit; 9 - shut-off ball valve
Figure 7.13 - hydraulic scheme KTP to provide
local GVS.
1 - DHW plate heat exchanger; 2 - controller
management; 3 - a duct sensor; 4 - Circulating Pump
supply of heat carrier; 5 - temperature sensors; 6 - manual
airlightener; 7 - DHW circulation pump
Figure 7.14 - Hydraulic scheme of station support for DHW
8 Commissioning, acceptance and service of apartment thermal items
8.1 Installation, connection, commissioning, and maintenance of KTP and DHW stations should be carried out exclusively by professional accredited personnel.
8.2 Commissioning is carried out with the execution of settings obtained during the implementation of the hydraulic calculation, and according to the manufacturer's instructions.
8.3 Acceptance of the equipment by the consumer (operating organization) is carried out by signing a commissioning sheet, which must be correctly filled and signed by the representative of the organization responsible for setting up the system. The sheet indicates the configuration parameters of this KTP according to the design calculated data.
8.4 The maintenance of KTP lies in the annual inspection of KTP nodes for tightness, cleaning filters-mud, checking the performance of KTP hot water (estimated temperature and consumption), conducting other activities depending on the functional equipment of the CTP.
8.5 Operating service should also have a sheet with tuning parameters of balancing fittings installed in the system.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Facilities"
Federal Law of November 23, 2009 N 261-FZ "On Energy Saving and Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation"
Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements"
System of regulatory documents in construction
Arrangement of Rules for Design
And construction
Fighter heat supply residential buildings with heat generators on gas fuel
SP 41-108-2004
Official edition
Moscow
2005
Preface
1 Developed by a federal state unitary enterprise - the design, design and research institute "Santekhniiproekt" with the participation of the federal state unitary enterprise - the center of the mission and standardization methodology in construction (FSUE CNS), the Federal State Institution - Fire Defense Research Institute (FSA VNIIPIPO ) Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia and the Group of Specialists
2 is made by the management of standardization, technical rationing and certification of the state system of Russia
3 Approved for the application by letter of the state system of Russia No. LB-2011/9 of March 26, 2004
4 agreed by the Ministry of Health of Russia, letter No. 111-16 / 134-04 of March 17, 2003, Gosgorthkhnadzor of Russia, letter No. 14-3 / 10 of January 15, 2003, UAHP EMERCOM of Russia, letter No. 19/2/1043 from 05/31/2005
5 introduced for the first time
Introduction
This set of rules "Fighter heat supply of residential buildings with heat generators on gas fuel" has been developed for the first time and contains rules for the design of the consignment systems of heat supply of residential buildings from individual sources of heat supply.
The rules set establishes the recommended, recognized and justified in practice, developing and ensuring the implementation of the requirements of SNIP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" for use as sources of thermal energy of the consumer heat supply of automated boilers with closed combustion chambers on gas fuel, Providing security, comfortable living conditions and rational use of energy resources.
The rules of the rules provide recommendations on planning and constructive solutions of the premises of heat generator, the rules for the design of gas supply, air supplies and removal of flue gases, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage. In addition, the rules for performing installation work and maintenance are given.
In the development of this Code of Rules, the results of the design and construction of residential buildings with quarterly heat supply systems were used in the framework of the experiment on the technical conditions, as well as regulatory documents and experience of designing, construction and maintenance of consuming heat supply systems in foreign countries.
The development of the document took part: Kand.Tehn.Nuk A.Ya. Sharipov - Head of Topics, A.S. Bogocykova, T.I. Sadovskaya, S.M. Finkelstein (FSUE "Santekhniiproekt"); V.A. Glukharev (Gosstroy Russia); Dr. Tehn. Nauk, Professor I.A. Bodlinian, Cand.Him. Nauk G.T. Zemsky, Kand.Tehn.Nuk I.I. Ilminsky (VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia); L.S. Vasilyeva (FSUE CNS); С. Vidhevayev (Ministry of Health of Russia); A.A. Sorokin (Gosgortkhnadzor of Russia); Kand.Tehn.Nuk A.L. Naumov, Cand.tekhn. Science E.O. Shilkrot (NGO "TERMEK").
Arrangement of the Rules for Design and Construction
Fighter heat supply residential buildings with heat generators on gas fuel
Energy Supply Apartament of the Buildings WITH THE HEAT Generation, Working On Gas Fuel
Date of administration2005-08-01
1 area of \u200b\u200buse
The real set of rules is intended for use on a voluntary basis, it is a recommendatory nature and applies to the design, construction and operation of the consignment systems of heat supply with heat generators on gas fuel with closed combustion chambers in new and reconstructed apartment buildings up to 10 floors, inclusive (not higher than 28 m ), including those who have built-in public premises (hereinafter - residential buildings). The use of considerable heat supply systems with heat generators on gas fuel for residential buildings with a height of more than 28 m (11 floors and more) is allowed in coordination with the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.
The set of rules does not apply to the design:
quarterly heat supply systems for single-quality and blocked residential buildings, considered as separate single-headed houses;
agricultural heat supply systems for residential buildings Floor to 5 inclusive, if they provide for the installation of heat generators on gas fuel with an open combustion chamber (type "B").
2 Regulatory references
SNIP 2.04.01-85 Internal water supply and sewage system
Snip 21-01-97 Fire safety of buildings and structures
SNiP 31-01-2003 Buildings Residential Multi-Fire
Snip 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Snip 41-03-2003 Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines
Snip 42-01-2002 Gas distribution systems
SP 31-110-2003 Design and installation of electrical installations of residential and public buildings
PB 12-529-03 Rules for the safety of gas distribution systems and gas consumption
NPB 88-2001 Installing fire extinguishing and alarm. Norms and design rules
NPB 243-97 protective shutdown devices. Fire safety requirements. Test methods
SanPine 2.1.4.1074-01 Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control
GOST 12.1.005-88 CBST. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area. Technical conditions
GOST 30494-96 Buildings Residential and public. Parameters of the microclimate indoor
GOST 30815-2002 Temperature regulators automatic heating devices of water heating systems of buildings. General technical conditions
PUE rules device electrical installations
3 Terms and Definitions
In this document, the terms apply with the following definitions:
fighter heat supply - The heat of heating, ventilation and hot water supply systems of apartments. The system consists of a source of heat supply - heat generator, hot water pipelines with water treatment reinforcement, heating pipelines with heating devices and heat exchangers of ventilation systems;
heat generator (boiler) - heat source heat capacity up to 100 kW, in which heating the heat carrier sent to the heat supply system, the energy released during the combustion of gas fuel is used;
heat generator type "B" -Plog generator with an open combustion chamber, connected to an individual chimney, with a fence of air for combustion of fuel directly from the room in which the heat generator is installed;
heat generator type "C" is a heat generator with a closed combustion chamber, in which smoke removal and air supply for combustion is carried out due to the built-in fan. Gas fuel combustion system (air supply for combustion, combustion chamber, smoke removal) in these heat generators of gas carrier relative to the premises in which they are installed;
heat generator - a separate non-residential premises intended for placing a heat generator (boiler) and auxiliary equipment to it;
chimney- (Snip 41-01) Gas Poll, or pipeline for removal of combustion products (flue gases) from heat generator to chimney;
chimney- (on SNIP 41-01) Vertical Gas Channel or Rectangular Pipeline or Round section for creating thrust and removal of combustion products (flue gases) from smokers to the atmosphere vertically up;
duct- channel and (or) pipeline, serving for transportation, supply or removal of air;
heat production - the heat of the heat transmitted by the coolant per unit of time;
thermal power - the amount of heat sampled as a result of burning gas supplied to the burner per unit of time;
efficiency ratio (efficiency) - The ratio of heat production to thermal power, the values \u200b\u200bof which are expressed in the same measurement units.
4 General
4.1 Requirements for heat generators
4.1.1. Automated heat generators on gas fuel with hermetic (closed) combustion chambers should be used for the considerable heat generators of residential buildings with hermetic (closed) combustion chambers (type "C") full factory readiness that meet the following requirements:
the total thermal production of heat generators should not exceed 100 kW when placed in heat generator and 35 kW - when placed in the kitchen;
Efficiency at least 89%;
the temperature of the coolant is not more than 95 ° C;
pressure of the coolant to 1.0 MPa;
emissions of harmful emissions: CO - traces,NO X is no more than 30 ppm (60 mg / m 3).
4.1.2 The heat generators are allowed to use, the security automation of which ensures the cessation of fuel supply at:
- termination of electricity supply;
- protection chains malfunctions;
- folding flame burner;
- falling the pressure of the coolant below the maximum permissible values;
- achieving the maximum permissible temperature of the coolant;
- violation of smoke removal;
- exceeding the gas pressure of the maximum permissible value.
4.1.3 Heat generators must have permits and certification documents required by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
4.1.4 Heat generators are allowed to use:
- double-circuit with built-in hot water circuit;
- single-mounted (without the built-in hot water supply circuit) with the possibility of attaching a capacitive water-water heater of hot water supply.
4.1.5 Heat production capacity of heat generators for the consuming heat supply systems of residential apartments is determined by the maximum load of hot water, depending on the number of installed sanitary and technical devices or the calculated heating load.
The heat generations of heat generators for the built-in premises of the public purpose is determined by the maximum calculated heating load and the average calculated load of hot water supply.
4.1.6 With the reconstruction of the heat supply systems of the existing residential fund associated with the transition to the commercial heat supply, in buildings with a height of up to 5 floors, it is also inclusive to provide for the installation of heat generators with a closed combustion chamber.
4.1.7 The heat generator must be supplied complete with the details of chimens and air ducts within the room where the heat generator is installed, as well as with the installation and operation instructions in which the manufacturer sets out all the necessary security measures.
4.2 Placing heat generators
4.2.1 Placing heat generators, pipelines, chimneys, chimneys, air ducts and other engineering equipment should ensure the safety of their operation, the convenience of maintenance and repair.
4.2.2 The planning of the apartments should be provided with regard to the placement of kitchens or heat generator, allowing to produce engineering communications (water supply, gas pipeline, sewage) to apartments on the side of the staircase. The transit strip of these communications through residential premises and through non-residential public premises is allowed to comply with the requirements of SNiP 42-01. The gas pipeline laying outside the building should be provided for open.
4.2.3 The installation of heat generators is allowed to provide:
a) for the heat supply of apartments - in the kitchens or in specially selected rooms - heat generator;
b) for heat supply of public premises - in specially dedicated premises (heat generator).
4.2.4 The containment of heat generator must meet the following requirements:
placed at the outer wall of the residential building and have a window with glazing area at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 3 of the size of the room, with a window or other special device for conducting, located at the top of the window;
the size of the room should be determined on the basis of the conditions for ensuring the convenience of the operation of boilers and the production of installation and repair work, but not less than 15 m 3;
height - not less than 2.2 m;
the ventilation of the heat generator should be designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01;
the heat generator for public premises, in addition, should have protection against unauthorized penetration with the output of the signal into the dispatching point or to a room with a telephone connection and a permanent stay of the personnel.
4.2.5 Fire protection of heat generator premises should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01, SNiP 31-01 and SNiP 2.04.01.
4.2.6 It is not allowed to design heat generates, located directly above, under or adjacent with residential premises of apartments and public premises with the stay of people from 50 or more, as well as in basements.
4.2.7 The installation of heat generators in the premises should be provided:
in the walls (floor) or on walls (wall) from non-combustible (NG) or weakly manual (g1) materials;
in the walls or on the walls of combustible materials coated with non-flammable (NG) or weakly thorough (g1) materials (for example: roofing steel on the leaf of the heat-butter layer from non-combustible materials with a thickness of at least 3 mm; limestone plaster with a thickness of at least 10 mm) at a distance not closer 3 cm from the wall. The specified wall covering should be for the dimensions of the boiler housing at least 10 cm.
4.2.8 Floor coating under the floor heat generator should be from the materials of the combustibility group NG or G1. Such a floor coating should be for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm.
4.2.9 When placing heat generators, the provisions of the instruction on the installation and operation of the manufacturer should be taken into account.
4.2.10 Placing the boiler over the gas stove and kitchen sink is not allowed.
4.2.11 Before the front of the boiler should be a service area of \u200b\u200bat least 1.0 m. The horizontal distance between the steering parts of the boiler and the equipment (kitchen) should be taken at least 10 cm.
5 Gas supply
5.1 Gas pressure in front of heat generators must correspond to the passport data of boilers and be no more than 0.003 MPa.
5.2 The internal gas supply system of the apartment should be calculated on the total maximum hourly gas consumption by gas console equipment installed.
The diameter of the gas pipeline to the heat generator should be taken on the basis of the calculation, butno less diameter indicated in the heat generator passport.
5.3 The gas distribution system should ensure the supply of gas in the required volume and pressure pressure necessary for the stable operation of the entire gas-grade equipment of the residential building.
5.4 For each apartment and for each public premises, an instrument of commercial metering of gas consumption should be placed in a room accessible to control and remove indications, outside the zone of heat and voltages, ensuring the convenience of installation, maintenance and repair.
5.5 The addition of heat generators to the gas pipeline is allowed to provide with the help of steel, copper or flexible eyelids, including non-metallic pipes that have the necessary strength characteristics with long-term (at least 25 years) exposure to the transported gas. The length of flexible supply should be taken not more than 1.5 m. Flexible liners to heat generators must have a certificate of conformity.
5.6 Gas pipeline laying can be provided open and hidden. With a hidden laying of gas pipelines, it is necessary to provide for additional measures to protect against corrosion and ensure the possibility of their inspection and repair of protective coatings.
The hidden laying of flexible eyeliner and disconnecting devices is not allowed.
5.7 It is allowed to use liquefied gas as fuel in accordance with SNiP 42-01. At the same time, the placement of gas-failed installations inside the building is not allowed.
6 Air supply to burning and removal of combustion products
6.1 Designing the gas-air path of the system should be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the normative method of the aerodynamic calculation of the CCTI's boiler plants. I.I. Polzunova.
6.2 The supply air ducts should ensure the supply of the required amount of air to the combustion of gas, and the chimneys are a complete removal of combustion products into the atmosphere.
The combustion air fence must be made directly outside the building with air ducts.
The design and placement of chimneys and air ducts are determined in accordance with the architectural and planning decisions of the building based on the requirements of fire safety, the convenience of their installation and maintenance.
6.3 Airpox and removal of combustion products can be designed according to the following schemes:
with coaxial (combined) device air supplies and removal of combustion products;
built-in or attached collective air ducts and chimneys;
with a separate device of air supplies and removal of combustion products by built-in or attached collective ducts and chimneys;
with an individual air duct, providing air intake through the wall and feed it individually to each heat generator, and the removal of flue gases by collective chimney.
The device of smokers from each heat generator individually through the front wall of a multi-storey residential building is prohibited.
6.4 Collective chimneys and air ducts should be designed from non-combustible materials. The limits of the fire resistance of chimneys and air ducts must comply with the regulatory requirements of air duct systems of the smoke removal of residential buildings. The gasket is allowed through non-residential premises, kitchens, corridors, stairwells or elevator halls without reducing the dimensions of evacuation paths.
The chimney laying in the interior walls of the building is allowed. The chimneys and chimneys through residential premises are not allowed. Smoking and supplying air ducts on the wall of the kitchen is allowed to close with removable decorative fencing from non-combustible materials that do not reduce the required limits of fire resistance.
6.5 The total length of the smokers and air ducts from the air intake location should not exceed the values \u200b\u200brecommended by the factory (firm) by the manufacturer of the heat generator, taking into account the use of the recommended compensation measures when deviating from the specified value.
6.6 To avoid condensation of water vapor on the outer surface of the duct, a heat-insulating structure from materials and thicknesses corresponding to SNiP 41-03 should be provided.
6.7 Air ducts, smokers and chimneys in the places of passage through the walls, partitions and overlaps should be included in cases. Clauses between building construction and case and air duct, chimney or dythe neglection and case should be carefully close to the entire thickness of the intersected design with non-combustible materials or a mortar that does not reduce the required fire resistance limits.
6.8 The air intake terminals should not have barriers that prevent the free influx of air, and should be protected by a metal grid from penetrating garbage, birds and other foreign objects. With overhead placement and placement on the roof of the building, air intake holes should be provided by 0.5 m above the stable snow cover.
6.9 In the compounds of the ducts of different directions, there should be no essentials of section and sharp edges. The angle of connecting two parts of the air ducts should be at least 90 °.
6.10 The chimney should be laid with a slope of at least 3% away from the heat generator and have devices with a sampling stub to test the combustion quality.
6.11 The sections of chimneys and supply collective air ducts should be determined by the calculation on the basis of thermal power and the number of boilers connected to the chimney, taking into account their simultaneous work. At the same time, the natural thrust of the chimney should be at least 20% higher than the sum of all aerodynamic losses of the gas-air path with any modes of operation.
6.12 The cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe chimney and the air duct to the heat generator should not be less than the area of \u200b\u200bcross section of the connected boiler connected.
6.13 The chimney must be securely and tightly fixed on the chimney input pipe. It is not recommended to enter the chimney inside the chimney, reducing its cross section.
6.14 Chimney must have a vertical direction and not to have narrowings. It is allowed to have no more than two changes in the direction of the chimney axis, and the angle of deviation from the vertical should be no more than 30 °.
6.15 Collective chimney can be designed round or rectangular sections. With rectangular section, the ratio of the main side to less should not exceed 1.5, the angles should be rounded with a radius of a rounding of at least 20 mm.
6.16 Chimneys and chimneys should be gas-class P (SNIP 41-01), prevent air subcometations in places of compounds and additions to chimneys and to be performed from the materials of the NG group capable of resolving without loss of tightness and strength of mechanical stress resistant to the transportable and surrounding Environment, and after installation - subjected to tests for strength and tightness.
The use for the manufacture of chimneys, smokers and ducts of asbetic cement, ceramics and other materials is allowed only in the presence of certificates of conformity of the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Economy.
When the transit gasket of air ducts should provide the required limits of fire resistance of their structures according to SNiP 41-01.
6.17 The structural elements of the chims and air ducts must be factory manufacture and have a certificate of conformity.
In the case of the use of chimneys of the collection design of metal materials, the compound of chimney parts should be carried out by connecting fasteners (tossed clamps) or welding. To compact compounds, the use of non-combustible sealing materials is allowed.
In the case of the use of chimneys of the team design from non-metallic materials, tees of collective chimney compounds with chims should be necessarily manufactured in factory conditions and have certificates of conformity.
6.18 The nodes of the butt compounds of chimneys should be located outside the design of the overlap (coating) at distances that ensure the convenience of their installation, maintenance and repair. The joints must have devices that exclude sections offset relative to each other.
The designs of the sealing of the holes in the fields of chimney passages through the ceiling (coating) of the residential building should ensure the stability of the chimney design and the possibility of their displacements caused by temperature effects.
6.19 At the top of the chimney, a headband should be provided that prevents snow, rain and garbage into the chimney. The design of the head tree should not impede the yield of flue gases under all weather conditions. The weekend section of the glove should be at least twice the sequence of the mouth of the chimney (duct).
6.20 The smokers are allowed to provide for no more than three turns, including the compound with chimney, with a radius of rounding - at least diameter of the pipe. At the same time, turning angles should be no more than 90 °.
6.21 Chimneys and chimneys should be thermally insulated by non-combustible materials of the NG Group. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer should be calculated based on the conditions for ensuring the maximum temperature on the coating layer not above 40 ° C. The temperature of the inner surface of the chimney in the operating mode should be higher than the temperature of the dew point of the flue gases at the calculated temperature of the outer air.
6.22 In the lower part of the chimney, a medium of at least 0.5 m high for garbage collection and other solid particles and condensate should be provided. The camera should have an opening for inspection, cleaning and device for condensate. The opening should be hermetically closed with a metal door.
6.23 The minimum height of the chimney from the place of attachment of the smoke-feeding of the last boiler to the fellow on the roof should be at least 3 m.
6.24 For alignment of thrust at the bottom of the chimney, it is necessary to provide a device for an adjustable supply of air, located above the collector chamber, but not lower than 0.5 m from its bottom.
Air supply pipe must be protected from trash and foreign objects.
6.25 In the lower and upper parts of the chimney, holes with plugs should be provided for measuring the temperature of the flue gases and the chimney vacuum.
6.26 The distance from the chimney to the wall or ceiling of non-combustible materials should be taken at least 50 mm. In the designs of the outer layer of walls or ceilings from combustible materials, the distance to them should be taken at least 250 mm.
6.27 In the case of use for considerable heat generators of the heat generators of various heat generators, only those heat generators, nominal heat produce that differ from no more than 30% differ in a smaller side of the heat generator with maximum heat producing can be added to the collective chimney.
6.28 The height of chimneys from heat generators in buildings is made according to the results of aerodynamic calculation and verification by the conditions of dispersion in the atmosphere of harmful substances in accordance with OND-86 and should be (drawing):
not less than 0.5 m above the skate or parapet of the roof when they are arranged (counting horizontally) at least 1.5 m from the skate or parapet of the roof;
to a level with a skate or parapet of the roof, if they are within a distance of up to 3 m from the roofing of the roof or parapet;
not lower than a straight line conducted from the skate or parapel down at an angle of 10 ° to the horizon, when the chimneys is located at a distance of more than 3 m from the skate or parapet of the roof;
not less than 0.5 m above the border of the winddow zone, if close to the chimney are higher parts of the building, buildings or trees.
In all cases, the height of the chimney over the adjacent part of the roof must be at least 0.5 m, and for houses with a flat roof - at least 2.0 m.
The mouth of brick chimneys in the absence of a cap to a height of 0.2 m should be protected from atmospheric precipitation with a layer of cement mortar.
Picture 1 - Options for choosing the height of the chimney above the roof of the building depending on its location
7 Power Supply and Automation
7.1 To power the automation and control systems of the heat generator must be provided:
power supply voltage 220V from a single-phase network with grounding;
installing the power generator power outlet equipped with a zero protective conductor and is connected to entering an automatic switch. Wiring section should be selected in accordance with PUE, instructions in the passport on the boiler or installation instructions and adjustment of the manufacturer of the heat generator.
7.2 Floor heat generators used for public premises can be equipped with built-in current-forming devices and an independent ground loop with a terminal connected to a building grounding circuit.
7.3 Installation of protective shutdown devices should be performed in accordance with Pue, NPB 243 and SP 31-110.
7.4 In rooms where heat generators are installed, the installation of gas-bearing alarms, which are triggered by reaching the gas acquisition of a 10% of the lower concentration limit of the flame (NKPR) of the natural gas.
The zagaznost signaling must be selected with a high-speed electromagnetic valve installed on the gas insertion into the room and the gas supply in the gas supply signal.
7.5 The heat generator must be equipped with a device that provides automatic maintenance of air temperature in residential premises on a constant, user-adjustable level.
7.6 In each apartment in a representative residential room, it is recommended to provide the installation of the air temperature regulator equipped with an indoor air temperature sensor providing automatic maintenance of a given temperature to the heat generator operation control unit.
7.7 In the heat generator public premises, it is recommended to provide for the placement of automatic fire detectors according to the NPB 88 and the installation of an autonomous fire detector when placing a heat generator in the kitchen.
7.8 At the gas supply to the boiler installed in the heat generator for public premises, the installation of heat-sensitive valves should be provided.
7.9 To control the operation of heat generators, it is necessary to organize dispatching service. Signals (light and sound) must be transmitted to the dispatch point:
normal boiler operation;
emergency stop boiler;
location of the room;
the occurrence of a fire (when placing a heat generator in heat generator);
unauthorized penetration of foreign people to the room heat generator.
7.10 Fans, locking valve valve valve, as well as design, execution, installation method, the insulation class of electrical installations of rooms with heat generators must comply with environmental conditions and the requirements of the respective PUE heads.
8 Heating, ventilation, water supply and sewage
8.1 Heating and ventilation
8.1.1 With the quarter heat supply, the heating and ventilation system should be designed according to SNiP 41-01 and this document.
8.1.2 Heating should provide air temperature in residential premises, in public premises and heat generates for the cold period of the year within the norms caused by the requirements of GOST 30494 and GOST 12.1.005 with the calculated external air parameters for the relevant areas of construction.
8.1.3 Estimated air exchange in heat generator public premises should be determined taking into account heat dissipation from pipelines and equipment. At the same time, the air exchange must be no less than once per hour. If it is impossible to provide the necessary air exchange due to natural ventilation, the ventilation with mechanical motivation should be design.
8.1.5 Heating of staircases and elevator halls should be provided in accordance with SNiP 41-01.
8.1.6 In the cold period of the year, the temperature of heated premises when they are not used should not be below 15 ° C.
passing two-pipe with wiring around the perimeter of the apartment;
"Rauchery" with centrally located feed and reverse collectors;
one-tube.
Adjustable reinforcement for heating devices of two-pipe heating systems is recommended to be taken with increased hydraulic resistance.
8.1.8 The pipelines of heating and hot water systems should, as a rule, are designed to design from steel, copper, brass, heat-resistant polymer or metal-polymer materials in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01.
When the copper pipelines are attached to aluminum radiators to prevent electrochemical corrosion, it is necessary to provide inserts from another material.
A device of pipelines made of polymer and metal-polymer pipes without protective screens in direct exposure places of ultraviolet rays is not allowed.
8.1.9 On each heating device, it is recommended to include the installation of an automatic thermostat according to GOST 30815, which ensures the maintenance of the specified room temperature.
8.1.10 The initial filling or emergency feed circuit of the heating system should be carried out with water that meets the requirements of the manufacturer of the heat generator, or non-freezing fluids allowed as a coolant for closed heat supply systems by the Gossennadzor of Russia and the manufacturer of the heat generator. Emergency filling of the heating system with water from the cold water supply system corresponding to the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074.
8.2 Water pipe and sewage
8.2.1 Designing of water supply systems, sewage and hot water supply should be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 31-01, SNiP 2.04.01 and this document.
8.2.2 To the place of installation of the heat generator, a water supply system should be provided for the water supply of hot water supply and a device for filling the contour of the heating system and its feeding.
8.2.3 The maximum water consumption of the hot water supply system with quarter heat supply is calculated depending on the number of installed sanitary and technical devices.
8.2.4 Before connecting to the heat generator, the water supply system should be thoroughly rinsed and placed.
8.2.5 To account for water consumption at each input of water supply in an apartment or to the public premises, it should be provided for the installation of a commercial metering device (water meter).
8.2.6 To protect equipment from clogging should be provided for the installation of a mechanical filter on each input of the water supply system to the building.
Depending on the quality of tap water and in the presence of special requirements for the quality of water, the manufacturer of the heat generator for hot water systems should include the installation of portable anti-skip devices that have a sanitary and hygienic conclusion.
8.2.7 The water temperature of hot water supply at the outlet of the heat generator is established by the consumer under the terms of use, but not higher than 70 ° C.
8.2.8 If there are two sanitary blocks in the apartment (bath and shower unit) to simultaneously provide them with hot water, it is necessary to establish a capacitive water heater connected to the hot water preparation system of the boiler. Capacity of the capacitive water heater should be chosen from the calculation of the provision of hot water of all watershed devices.
8.2.9 For receiving discharges from safety valves, plots from heat generators and emptying the heating system should include devices for draining into sewage.
9 Construction, Installation and Operation
9.1 Installation of consuming heat supply systems should be carried out according to the approved projects.
9.2 Installation of safe heat supply systems is allowed after performing the following work in a residential building:
installation of floors, coatings, walls, partitions, on which heat generators must be mounted;
installation of general ventilation;
installation of a water supply network, network of fire water supply, sewage, electrical wiring and electrical equipment;
preparation of holes and installation of cases for laying chimneys and air ducts through building structures of a residential building;
preparation and plastering of channels (furrows) in the walls and partitions - with a hidden laying of pipelines;
watching and painting (or facing) wall surfaces in places of heat generators.
9.3 It is allowed to maintain pipelines, heat generators, chimneys, chimneys and air ducts until the end of work on the installation of electrical wiring and electrical equipment, subject to the possibility of connecting electrified mounting tools and welding equipment to the source of electricity.
9.4 The installation of pipelines, heating devices and fittings is not allowed until the construction work is completed, as a result of which the heating and hot water supply systems may be damaged or must be temporarily fully or partially dismantled.
9.5 The heat generator should be set after the installation of the heating system and in the room in which it is mounted, plastering (finishing) works.
9.6 When installing the considerable systems of heat supply in existing buildings follow:
when using existing chimneys and ventilation channels, the installation of heat generators only under the presence of an act on the technical condition of chimneys and ventilation channels and compliance with their requirements of this Code of Rules;
when applying dialing channels, remove floor coverings, examine the technical condition of the slabs of the overlap and prepare for the passage of chimneys or air ducts by drilling the slabs of the overlap.
9.7 Installation, commissioning and operational acceptance should be performed in accordance with the requirements of PB 12-529, norms and instructions of enterprises - equipment manufacturers.
9.8 When installing vertical chimneys and air ducts must be provided:
tightness, especially in places setting them on supporting structures;
vertical of chimney;
the alignment of the links (sections) of chimneys;
tight fit of the clamps and seals to the pipes, as well as the strength of their compounds;
the stability of chimneys by swelling them to the slabs of overlapping (coating);
project thickness of thermal insulation throughout the chimney, chimney and air duct;
conducting checks on the tightness of chimneys;
drawing up an act on hidden work;
free movement of chimneys from temperature effects and protection against damage by their intersectable construction structures.
After installing the chimney and the air duct, actuating schemes for the placement of pipe sections should be drawn up indicating the placement of butt connections.
9.9 In the process of installation, the manufacturer of work should conduct operational control to verify the implementation of the requirements of the project and the quality of work performed with the compilation of acts for hidden work.
Compounds of flexible supply from the gas pipeline to equipment must be tested for pressure of at least 0.01 MPa.
9.10 When commissioning the consumption of consumption of heat supply should be verified by testing the performance of all the controls of control, alarm and heat generator automation elements according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the heat generator. All elements of gas supply control systems, including valves on the gas supply pipe, should be inspected.
9.11 All systems of heating and water supply before filling them with water should be thoroughly washed and compressed.
9.12 Prior to the production of commissioning work, hydraulic testing of the heat supply system should be performed.
9.13 Maintenance (service and warranty) and the repair of domestic gas pipelines and gas equipment should be carried out on the basis of contracts concluded between the owner (subscriber) and specialized organizations that have emergency dispatch service and the license for the right to perform work on the operation.
9.14 Maintenance of gas pipelines, gas equipment, chimneys and chimneys should be carried out in accordance with.
9.15 When concluding contracts for maintenance, it is necessary to state the conditions for its implementation with the long absence of the owner.
9.16 In the presence of uncomplicated apartments, the owner of a residential building is responsible for the safe operation of the consuming heat supply systems in these apartments.
9.17 Dismantling and permutation of gas pipelines and gas equipment during operation should be carried out by the personnel of a specialized service.
9.18 The owner (subscriber) is responsible for the implementation of instructions for the operation, compliance with the rules of safe use of gas and the content of consumption of heat supply in good technical condition.
9.19 Maintenance of chimneys and supply air ducts should be carried out at least 1 time in 6 months during the first two years from the moment of commissioning, subsequently - at least 1 time per year.
Appendix A.
(Reference)
Bibliography
OND-86The method of calculating concentrations in the atmospheric air of harmful substances contained in emissions of enterprises. Approved by the State Government of the USSR.
Temporary procedure for maintenance of gas equipment in residential buildings and public buildings. Approved by the Ministry of Energy of Russia.
Aerodynamic calculation of boiler installations. Regulatory method / CCTI. I.I. Polzunova. - L.: Energy, 1977.
Keywords: consuming heat supply systems, heat generators, gas fuel, buildings Residential, heating, hot water supply
* According to European classification by CEN / CR /749.2000.
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