Already in the 10th century, home preservation was widespread in Russia: salted and fermented foods adorned the tables of both a commoner and a master. At that time, the blanks were stored in wooden tubs and barrels, and only in Soviet times, during the period of mass urbanization, the widespread use of glass jars began.
Method advantages
The advantage of this method is the simultaneous processing of a large number of containers. While the process is going on, you can go about your business, and not stand at the stove. Here are some more "bonuses" of this method of sterilization:
- efficiency - bacteria die under the influence of high heating temperature;
- comfort - steam does not accumulate in the kitchen, as when processing cans in a water bath, the room does not get stuffy;
- dryness - since sterilization is carried out without water, you do not need to wait until the containers are dry;
- safety - subject to basic precautions, the risk of burns is minimal;
- safety of cans- containers, provided that certain rules are followed, rarely split.
rules
It is necessary to sterilize the jars immediately before laying the blanks; it is inappropriate to do this in advance. As a last resort, containers can be placed on a clean towel for a few minutes, turned upside down. Here are six more rules to help you sterilize cans in the oven.
- Purity. The oven must be clean, otherwise the cans will absorb unnecessary odors, which will negatively affect the taste of the workpiece.
- "Free" arrangement... The jars placed in the oven should not touch, otherwise, if some container cracks, the one next to it will also be unusable.
- Gradual heating. The main reason that glass containers crack during preservation is a sharp temperature drop. To avoid this, the jars are always placed in a cold oven that heats up gradually. Before you take out the containers, for the same reason, you need to let them cool down a little.
- Duration. If the jars are left in the oven for a long time, not all bacteria will die, if the containers are overexposed, they can burst.
- Using potholders. Remove jars from the oven only with oven mitts to avoid burns. Moreover, they must be absolutely dry so that the container does not burst from the temperature drop.
- Correct grip. Hold the jar with only two hands, grasping on both sides. It is impossible to lift the container by the neck: it can slip out and fall.
If the preservation is laid out in a hot jar, then the container should be hot, if cold, then you should wait until the jar has completely cooled down.
How to sterilize jars in the oven: practice
The process begins with a scrupulous inspection of containers: cans with cracks, chips and permanently ingrained dirt are immediately rejected.
Electric
Sterilization of cans in an electric oven is considered the most optimal, since the gas temperature can be uneven. The step-by-step process can be represented as a four-step algorithm.
- Purification. Rinse all cans with running water with soda or laundry soap.
- Accommodation. Place empty containers on a baking sheet or wire shelf and place in a cold oven. Put dry jars upside down, wet ones with the neck up.
- The heating. Heat the oven slowly. A temperature of 150 ° C is considered optimal for sterilizing cans in an electric oven. Time lapse (depends on volume, see below).
- Extraction. Carefully remove containers and turn upside down on clean towels.
The processing time depends on the volume of the containers. The table below contains information on how many minutes to sterilize jars in the oven.
Table - Duration of sterilization
Together with cans in the oven, you can simultaneously sterilize metal lids. They also need to be rinsed and then put on a baking sheet.
Gas
You can sterilize jars in a gas oven. To do this correctly, you need to follow the above algorithm with two caveats.
- The intensity of the fire. Heat the oven over low heat.
- Temperature. The cans are sterilized at 180 ° C.
The cooking time is the same as with an electric oven.
Some housewives, when using a gas oven, determine the completion of the sterilization process not with a clock, but by looking at the door. When it becomes dry after fogging, the containers can be taken out.
With blanks
With some preservation methods, not only empty cans, but also filled with blanks, are sterilized before seaming. This is necessary to extend the shelf life of homemade pickles. Sterilization of cans with blanks can be carried out in the oven. Processing is carried out in three steps.
- Installation. Place full jars, covered, but not closed, on a baking sheet and send to a cold oven.
- The heating. Bring the temperature gradually to 100 ° C and record the time. Half-liter containers are sterilized for ten minutes. Banks with a volume of 1 liter - 15 minutes, 2 and 3 liters - 20-25 minutes.
- Extraction. Take out the cans using oven mitts, roll them up, turn them upside down, place them on a tray and wrap them with a blanket until they cool completely.
In the oven, you can also pasteurize cans with blanks. This process differs from sterilization by the lower heating temperature - 80-90 ° C. The method is mainly used in the manufacture of compotes and marinades.
Microbiologist Louis Pasteur proposed the pasteurization method back in the 19th century. This method ensures better preservation of the taste and nutrients of the prepared products. However, at low temperatures, only vegetative forms of bacteria die, but the spores persist and under favorable conditions begin to multiply. Therefore, the shelf life of such canned food is lower, and the workpieces need to be stored in the refrigerator or cellar.
Sterilizing cans in the oven is an easy process that saves time. If the three-liter jars do not fit vertically into the electric oven, you can lay them on their side. And if an old gas oven does not provide uniform heating, you can put one or two bricks in it.
How to sterilize jars in a gas and electric oven empty and with blanks and how much time we'll talk about this in this article.
The most important stage in the preparation of blanks is sterilization. There are many methods for carrying out this procedure, but the simplest and easiest way is sterilization in the oven. Disinfection of glass products is carried out according to the same principle as in electric and in gas oven.
Advantages of the method
High-quality sterilization is carried out in the oven.
- The advantage of this procedure is that it will not be necessary to spend a lot of time on additional drying of the containers.
- The main advantage of this method is that it is not necessary to separately heat each product. The oven can hold several glass items at the same time. Its capacity is much larger than a microwave, in which a maximum of 5 containers can be sterilized.
- This procedure can be carried out both with empty products and with blanks. It doesn't matter if it will be the preparation of salads from vegetables or pickled cucumbers and tomatoes.
How to sterilize empty cans in a gas and electric oven: at what temperature and for how long
Cooking containers
Sterilization
- The oven does not need to be preheated.
- Dry containers are placed in the oven upside down, and wet containers with their neck up.
- Lids for blanks are also placed next to the container for sterilization.
- The temperature during the procedure should be 150 degrees.
- Three-liter cans are heated for 20 minutes, and half-liter cans - 10 minutes.
A sudden change in temperature can cause the can to burst. Therefore, you cannot reach it with a wet towel or oven mitts.
The sterilized containers are placed on the cleaned surface so that bacteria cannot get on them. The container should cool down gradually, so it is recommended to cover the container with a towel.
Watch the video! How to sterilize jars, the fast and proven way
For jam
This method is widespread and known to many housewives. The method has many advantages and is not only very effective, but also of high quality. Containers sterilized in the oven of a gas stove do not explode, dry quickly, while there is no wet steam during the procedure. Using this method, you can sterilize several containers at the same time without harming their condition.
The whole process of sterilization of containers for blanks can be divided into several stages.
- Banks are visually inspected for cracks and chips. Defective glassware should be thrown away as it is not suitable for preservation.
- Containers without defects should be well washed, using not only water, but also laundry soap and soda.
- The container is placed in the oven on the wire rack. Depending on the moisture content of the cans, they are placed upside down or down (described above).
- A low fire is turned on in the oven only after all the containers are inside. After that, the temperature is raised to 150 degrees. This indicator is the limit. Small jars are sterilized within 10 minutes, large ones - 15-20 minutes.
- After that, the empty container is removed from the oven using dry gloves or potholders. It must be cooled, leaving it covered with a towel for a while.
How long does the procedure take?
The duration of sterilization of cans depends on the volume of the container:
- 0.5-0.75 l - 10 minutes;
- 1 liter - 15 minutes;
- 2 l - 20 minutes;
- 3 liters or more - from 25-30 minutes.
How and how much to sterilize cans in the oven with blanks
Sterilizing cans along with blanks is a popular and proven method. This procedure is quite simple. The containers with the workpiece are placed in a cool oven. The temperature inside should be constant and equal to 150 degrees. When this temperature regime is reached, the container holding time should be observed.
- Half-liter cans are sterilized within 10 minutes;
- Liters - 15 minutes;
- Two- and three-liter - 20 minutes.
Then, the container is taken out of the oven one by one and covered with lids. Next, the jars are turned over and left to cool. This method is suitable for housewives who have an oven in the kitchen.
- After sterilization, do not take a hot jar by the neck. It can slip out of your hands or the neck will break off by itself.
- The cans should be taken out very carefully, with both hands in mittens or with the help of oven mitts.
- White bloom can appear on the walls of the container, since the tap water is very hard, but it will not do any harm. It usually appears when jars are sterilized upside down.
- In order not to miscalculate with the time required for heat treatment, you should watch the oven door. After turning it on, it will fog up, and after a couple of minutes it will become the same again. When the last drops have disappeared from the door, then you can start the timer.
- The workpieces should not be placed in very hot containers.
- Metal lids should also be sterilized along with cans in the oven. Nylon caps must be boiled on the stove.
With the correct implementation of all points, the preparations for the winter will remain tasty and healthy for a long time. In order for the cooled jars not to burst during the process of filling them with hot contents, glass products should be placed in a metal bowl.
Watch the video! An overview of sterilizing cans of blanks in an electric oven
When making blanks for future use, it is very important to maintain sterility. All pathogenic bacteria during food processing and preparation of storage containers must be destroyed. Canning jars must be cleaned with laundry soap or soda, then rinsed with running water. Then they are poured over with boiling water, steamed, placed in an airfryer or microwave oven for several minutes, and the lids are boiled thoroughly.
The last moment may scare off some housewives, who will find such efforts to disinfect containers a difficult task. And it is completely in vain, because there are cans for blanks available even to the most inexperienced young ladies. The process can be greatly simplified using a conventional kitchen oven.
with blanks
There is no need to place basins and buckets filled to the brim with boiling water in the kitchen, you can do much easier. A long time ago, our grandmothers discovered new possibilities for a household kitchen oven. It is affordable, spacious and easy to use. In it, you can disinfect lids (of course, only iron and without rubber inserts), jars, ladles and other necessary utensils before laying products.
Sometimes the recipe provides for sterilization of cans with blanks. In the oven, this can be done without much difficulty. The point of action is the complete destruction of all bacteria and fungi that can spoil canned food and harm human health.
First, you need to carefully inspect the cans for chips and cracks. When heated, they can burst, therefore, sterilization of cans with blanks in the oven is carried out only if the containers are intact.
Then you need to prepare the container accordingly and put the necessary pickles, preserves or marinades in it. Finished canned food should be covered with lids without screwing them in. Next, sterilization of cans with blanks is carried out.
In the oven, containers are first placed on the grate, and only then the gas is turned on. It is necessary to monitor the temperature: it cannot be raised above 120 degrees, as the glass may break.
The cooking time is indicated in the recipe. Usually it is 10-15 minutes for 0.5-0.7 liter cans and 20 minutes for 1 liter cans. After the required time has elapsed, the gas must be turned off, and the cans must be left for a while so that they cool slightly.
Caution, they carry hotter!
It is necessary to take out the dishes carefully, using special fabric or silicone potholders. An important point: they must be dry. Firstly, so as not to burn your hand through a damp cloth, and secondly, the hot glass can crack from the temperature drop. Banks must be held by the sides, the neck can slip out of the hands, then burns cannot be avoided. Immediately after removal, the jars are closed with lids.
Pasteurization
Sterilization of cans with blanks in the oven presupposes a long-term high-temperature effect on food, in which part of the biologically active substances and vitamins is inevitably destroyed. Pasteurization is carried out at a temperature of 75-90 degrees and is a more gentle way of processing products. It is used for compotes, marinades, to which a lot of vinegar is added, or preparations that are not planned to be stored for a long time.
There are two main, most common ways to sterilize cans before conservation or directly with seaming. This is the treatment of vessels in boiling water or in an oven. Within the framework of this material, all questions and important points will be considered on how to sterilize cans in the oven with blanks. Do you know how to prepare.
Regardless of what kind of preservation recipe is chosen: jam, salads, compotes, it is imperative to sterilize empty jars. For some reason, it seems to many that this process is complicated and rather tricky, although, in fact, it is simple and competently takes a minimum of time.
The easiest process to sterilize glass empty jars is to use an oven. It will be necessary to pre-wash the glass with soda or laundry soap, hold it under running water. especially delicious!
The process of sterilizing empty washed cans in the oven:
Place the vessels on a baking sheet or wire rack with the neck down;
Turn on the oven, setting t to 100, maximum 120 g /
Sterilize the jars from the moment the maximum point of the set temperature is reached for another quarter of an hour;
Let the jars cool by turning off the oven and leaving the jars in the oven;
You can take out the cans when they are already warm, and lay the prepared preservation on them;
Advice! If the height of the jars is higher than the height of the oven, then the containers can be placed on their side and sterilized as they are.
Remember the caps
An obligatory element of seaming is not only a clean and sterilized can, but also a lid. The lids must not be sterilized in the oven or microwave. But it will be enough to boil them in water for a quarter of an hour.
Advice! Also, an excellent option for sterilizing jars, especially when it comes to empty glass vessels, is sterilization in a microwave oven. Then the sterilization time will be halved, which will speed up the process of creating delicious winter blanks. We offer to cook.
About cans with blanks
If we consider the question of how to sterilize cans in the oven with blanks, then there are other important points. For re-sterilization, jars must be placed in the oven without lids. Bring the temperature in the oven to 100 grams. and mark 15 minutes (time calculation is taken for liter cans).
Then gently take out hot jars, roll them up with hot and sterilized lids, turn over. A jar with a blank is traditionally covered with a warm blanket and left to cool completely in this form. In general, you never need to take cans by the neck: they are cold or hot. The best way to transform is to always take the cans by their sides. How to do .
What to remember when sterilizing cans in the oven:
1. You can sterilize vessels at 100-120 degrees Celsius, but many sources say that you can sterilize jars even at 200 grams. The higher the temperature, the less minutes it takes to sterilize;
2. If you need to remove hot jars from the oven, then this should be done with extreme caution. Such glass vessels can no longer be strongly cooled, because salads, jams and even compotes will be poured into them in a warm form;
First, let's figure out what pasteurization means. Pasteurization or sterilization is the high temperature processing of food. It is used during conservation in order to kill harmful microflora and increase the shelf life of the product.
Sterilization is the processing of canned products at temperatures above 100 degrees. For this, special equipment is used - an autoclave. The autoclave creates high pressure, which in turn increases the boiling point.
At home, of course, we will not be able to sterilize in this way. Therefore, to increase the boiling point salt is added to jars with blanks, and sugar is added to jam and compotes. Salt and sugar also act as preservatives. The main thing is to choose the right dosage.
We sterilize jars and lids
Some types of salads and snacks, for example, lecho or vegetable caviar, as well as mushrooms, juices and compotes, will require preliminary sterilization. But pickled vegetables can be put into jars right away. Initially properly sterilized beforehand.
The most popular and easiest way to sterilize jars and their lids is by boiling. Let's put it on the stove clean container with water... The jars must first be heated so that it does not burst in boiling water. To do this, each jar must be carefully doused with boiling water.
After the glass has warmed up, put it in a pot of boiling water. It is good if the pan is wide so that the jar lies on its side, and periodically we turn it for complete sterilization inside and out. This operation lasts about 3 minutes. We also sterilize the lids in the same water. Check them for damage beforehand.
We carefully remove the cans from the water, carefully monitor that there is no water left inside. Hot jars should dry quickly. We put them in a clean place and cover them with pre-sterilized lids.
Preparation of conservation
Any preservation blank begins with thorough washing and preparation... The vegetables must be washed in cool, flowing water. Check that there is no remnant of earth. Then the washed blank is folded into a bowl so that the water is completely glass. Also, carefully wash the greens, and then dry them.
Put clean and dry vegetables tightly in jars up to the line of the hanger. You always need to leave a gap, as when heated, our workpiece expands and may fall out. Then the workpieces must be covered with a lid to avoid the ingress of dirt and dust.
Depending on the recipe chosen, we prepare the marinade. Never use sea salt or iodized salt. Will only fit common rock salt... Then the marinade must be brought to a boil, poured into a container with vegetables and covered with a lid.
There are three popular home sterilization methods.
Sterilization in boiling water
This is the simplest and most common way. The workpiece is sterilized in a container with boiling water.
We put the finished cans with the blank in a wide and deep saucepan. It is necessary to place on the bottom wooden stand or towel so that the glass does not come into contact with the hot bottom. Cover the top with lids. The pan is filled with water, a couple of centimeters below the neck. The temperature of the water should be the same as the temperature of the jar, as it may burst due to the difference.
The preparation in a saucepan is gradually brought to a boil. Make sure that no water gets inside. Curl sterilization is carried out strictly according to the recipe. If the exact time is not indicated there, use the recommendation:
- a volume of 0.5 liters is sterilized for 10 minutes;
- 1 liter 15 min;
- 2 liters 20 min;
- 3 liters 25-30 min.
If you are preparing a salad, then it will take more time... In such a recipe, the temperature of boiling water can exceed one hundred degrees.
You need to put and remove the twists using special tongs. They are inexpensive and will be much easier and safer to sterilize.
It is necessary to remove the cans from boiling water in the same sequence in which they were put to sterilize, and immediately roll up. If you get everything at once, then they will begin to cool down and a violation of sterility is possible.
Microwave sterilization
It's easy to sterilize in the microwave. We prepare the workpiece as usual, according to the recipe and put it in jars. Then we put them in the oven. The microwave is adjustable to full power. When the liquid boils counting three minutes... You can cook 7-8 cans in ten minutes.
It is not necessary to fill a full jar with water, 1/3 of the volume is enough. When boiled, the steam generated will overwhelm the entire jar and its contents. The most important thing is that the glass will not burst. Then just remove the twist and add boiling water.
Never put iron lids in the microwave; they must be sterilized separately in another way.
Some people fear that the microwave can ruin the workpiece, for example, crunchy cucumbers will turn into porridge. This is not true, the time spent in the microwave is too short and nothing will happen to vegetables.
Conveniently, the microwave will save you a lot of time and do not need to stand near a hot stove. After all, the spinning season is a hot time.
Oven sterilization
As in other cases, we put the prepared twists with our blanks in the oven, it must be cold. We set the oven temperature to about 150 degrees.
When the temperature reaches the mark we need, timing:
- For a volume of 0.5 liters 10 min;
- 1 liter - 15 min;
- 2-3 liters - 20-25 minutes
Then we take out the cans one by one and immediately roll them up. The lids can be sterilized immediately in the same oven, but do not cover the jar.
With this method, there will not be as much steam in the kitchen as with sterilization in boiling water. And in one go in the oven, you can cook all the twists at once.
